Uptake and apoplastic retention of EDTA‐ and phytosiderophore‐chelated chromium(III) in maize     

Bülent E. Erenoglu  Hemanta K. Patra  Hicham Khodr  Volker Römheld  Nicolaus von Wirén 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2007,170(6):788-795

Increasing the mobilization and root uptake of chromium (Cr) by synthetic and plant‐borne chelators might be relevant for the design of phytoremediation strategies on Cr‐contaminated sites. Short‐term uptake studies in maize roots supplied with ⁵¹CrCl₃ or ⁵¹Cr(III)‐EDTA led to higher apoplastic Cr contents in plant roots supplied with ⁵¹CrCl₃ and in Fe‐sufficient plants relative to Fe‐deficient plants, indicating that Fe stimulated co‐precipitation of Cr. Concentration‐dependent retention of Cr in a methanol:chloroform‐treated cell‐wall fraction was still saturable and in agreement with the predicted tendency of Cr(III) to precipitate as Cr(OH)₃. To investigate a possible stimulation of Cr(III) uptake by phytosiderophores, Fe‐deficient maize roots were exposed for 6 d to Cr(III)‐EDTA or Cr(III)‐DMA (2'‐deoxymugineic acid). Relative to plants without Cr supply, the supply of both chelated Cr species in a subtoxic concentration of 1 µM resulted in alleviation of Fe deficiency–induced chlorosis and higher Cr accumulation. Long‐term Cr accumulation from Cr(III)‐DMA was similar to that from Cr(III)‐EDTA, and Cr uptake from both chelates was not altered in the maize mutant ys1, which is defective in metal‐phytosiderophore uptake. We therefore conclude that phytosiderophores increase Cr solubility similar to synthetic chelators like EDTA, but do not additionally contribute to Cr(III) uptake from Cr‐contaminated sites.  相似文献   

L-Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) supplementation to optimize health and reproduction in cattle     

R. Ranjan  A. Ranjan  G.S. Dhaliwal  R.C. Patra 《The Veterinary quarterly》2013,33(3-4):145-150

Cattle can synthesize L-ascorbic acid (or Vitamin C) from either D-glucose or D-galactose through glucuronic acid pathway in the liver. L-Ascorbic acid present in cattle diet is almost totally destroyed by rumen microorganisms making them essentially dependent on its endogenous synthesis, which is assumed sufficient to meet the physiological requirement. Therefore, the role of vitamin C in cattle health and disease has remained widely overlooked. However, there is mounting evidence that the level of L-ascorbic acid in blood and other tissues decreases in association with stress and disease, and Vitamin C supplementation revealed favorable response as evident from early recovery. The present review is an attempt to summarize the existing literature pertaining to the physiological role of L-ascorbic acid and the scope of its supplementation in the prevention and treatment of diseases in cattle. It should be realized that the aqueous solution of vitamin C is highly acidic and subcutaneous or intramuscular administration may cause tissue irritation and inflammation, whereas the sodium ascorbate solution is less acidic and might be used for intramuscular administration.  相似文献   

The genome of Brucella melitensis   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

DelVecchio VG  Kapatral V  Elzer P  Patra G  Mujer CV 《Veterinary microbiology》2002,90(1-4):587-592

The genome of Brucella melitensis strain 16M was sequenced and contained 3,294,931 bp distributed over two circular chromosomes. Chromosome I was composed of 2,117,144 bp and chromosome II has 1,177,787 bp. A total of 3198 ORFs were predicted. The origins of replication of the chromosomes are similar to each other and to those of other -proteobacteria. Housekeeping genes such as those that encode for DNA replication, protein synthesis, core metabolism, and cell-wall biosynthesis were found on both chromosomes. Genes encoding adhesins, invasins, and hemolysins were also identified.  相似文献   

Erythrocytic antioxidant defense, lipid peroxides level and blood iron, zinc and copper concentrations in dogs naturally infected with Babesia gibsoni     

Chaudhuri S  Varshney JP  Patra RC 《Research in veterinary science》2008,85(1):120-124

Babesiosis is a common tick borne disease of dogs in tropical and subtropical regions of the world caused by different species of Babesia. The present study aimed to examine erythrocyte lipid peroxide and erythrocytic antioxidant levels in dogs with clinical babesiosis, caused by Babesia gibsoni, and impact of the disease on blood iron, zinc and copper levels. The study was conducted on 10 naturally occurring cases of canine babesiosis with the history of tick infestation, erratic pyrexia, and prolonged illness. Microscopic examination of Giemsa stained peripheral blood smears confirmed B. gibsoni infection in the erythrocytes. Six apparently healthy dogs of different age, sex and breeds, brought for either health checkup or vaccination were used for comparison. Levels of erythrocytic antioxidant enzymes were significantly (P<0.01) higher in sick dogs than those of cytologically negative dogs (catalase: 0.192+/-0.024 units/mg Hb vs 0.074+/-0.004 units/mg Hb; superoxide dismutase: 0.014+/-0.0009 units/mg Hb vs 0.006+/-0.0008 units/mg Hb and lipid peroxide: 6.01+/-0.30 nmol MDA/mg Hb vs 1.89+/-0.10 nmol MDA/mg Hb). The levels of blood micronutrients were significantly low in these dogs (iron: 89.87+/-8.12 microg/g vs 126.44+/-14.65 microg/g; zinc: 3.67+/-1.85 microg/g vs 5.62+/-1.83 microg/g and copper: 0.55+/-0.63 microg/g vs 0.65+/-0.04 microg/g). The study demonstrated oxidative damage in dogs naturally infected with B. gibsoni. Low level of blood iron, zinc and copper seems to have an additional role in the genesis of anaemia and oxidative stress.  相似文献   

Changes in plasma hormones profile and liver function in cows naturally exposed to lead and cadmium around different industrial areas     

Swarup D  Naresh R  Varshney VP  Balagangatharathilagar M  Kumar P  Nandi D  Patra RC 《Research in veterinary science》2007,82(1):16-21

The present study was carried out to assess the endocrine status and liver function in adult cows reared in polluted environment around different industrial units in India.The effect on endocrine system was examined by determination of plasma level of thyroid hormones, thyroxin (T4) (n=269) and triidothyronin (T3) (n=269), stress hormone cortisol (n=266), and reproductive hormones such as estradiol (n=84) and progesterone (n=84) in cows (>3 years) reared around different polluted industrial and non-polluted areas.The respective blood lead and cadmium concentration was also determined in all the cows.The mean plasma levels of both T3 and T4 were significantly (P<0.05) higher around lead zinc smelter (2.43+/-0.26 and 41.1+/-2.9nmol/L) and closed lead cum operational zinc smelter (1.81+/-0.16 and 42.4+/-6.2nmol/L), where the mean blood lead level (0.86+/-0.06 and 0.51+/-0.09mug/ml) was also significantly higher than that of cows (0.07+/-0.01mug/ml) from unpolluted areas.Regression analysis of data from 269 cows revealed a significant (P<0.01) positive correlation between the blood lead and plasma T3 (r=0.287) and T4 (r=0.173).The correlation between thyroidal hormones and the blood cadmium concentration (r=-0.079 and -0.48; P>0.05) was not significant.Plasma cortisol level had also a non-significant (P>0.05) correlation (r=-0.092) with blood lead level.However, the mean cortisol level (4.02+/-1.96nmol/L) of cows in phosphate rock mining areas was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of controls (1.98+/-0.70nmol/L). The mean plasma estradiol level was significantly (P<0.05) higher in cows around closed lead cum operational zinc smelter (47.1+/-19.5pg/ml) than that of the control animals (21.8+/-3.9pg/ml) and in rest of the areas, the difference did not reach the statistical significance (P>0.05).The serum biochemical analysis in 36 cows around lead-zinc smelter with the highest mean blood lead level (0.86+/-0.06mug/ml) amongst all the industrial/urban areas surveyed, and in 15 animals from non-polluted areas revealed a significant positive correlation between blood lead and serum ALT (alanine transaminase) (r=0.688, P<0.01) and AST (aspartate transaminase) (r=0.390, P<0.01) and a negative correlation with serum total lipids (r=-0.337, P<0.05), total protein (r=-0.449, P<0.01) and albumin(r=-0.662, P<0.01). It is concluded from the study that the natural exposure to lead in polluted environments disturbs the endocrine profile and the higher blood lead level alters serum biochemical parameters indicative of liver functions.  相似文献   

Haematology and Serum Biochemistry of Chital (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Axis axis</Emphasis>) and Barking Deer (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Muntiacus muntjak</Emphasis>) Reared in Semi-Captivity     

Gupta AR  Patra RC  Saini M  Swarup D 《Veterinary research communications》2007,31(7):801-808

Haematological and serum biochemical values of clinical significance that could serve as reference data for deer kept in captivity were measured for chital (Axis axis) and barking deer (Muntiacus muntjak). The venous blood from four each of chital and barking deer (n = 8) reared in semi-captivity was collected after proper restraint of the animals. The mean blood haemoglobin, packed cell volume, total erythrocyte count and total leukocyte count of all the eight deer of the two species were 15.90 ± 0.44,g/dl, 51.44 ± 0.60%, 20.83 ± 0.57 × 10⁶μl and 2.37 ± 0.20 × 10³μl. Serum total protein, albumin, bilirubin, cholesterol and blood urea nitrogen irrespective of species were 6.83 ± 0.19,g/dl, 3.90 ± 0.11,g/dl, 0.33 ± 0.08,mg/dl, 106.81 ± 3.59,mg/dl and 24.79 ± 2.11,mg/dl, respectively. Serum enzyme activities indicative of liver function such as alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) were 30.38 ± 4.67,units/ml and 42.88 ± 5.97,units/ml, respectively. The serum calcium and phosphorus levels of all the eight deer were 10.27 ± 0.36,mg/dl and 8.31 ± 0.68,mg/dl, respectively. This is the first report on baseline values in barking deer. The distribution of haematological and serum biochemical values was fairly normal, suggesting that the mean values could be representative of normal values for two different deer species.  相似文献   

Inheritance pattern and genetics of yield and component traits in opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.)     

Birendra Kumar  N.K. Patra 《Industrial Crops and Products》2012,36(1):445-448

Opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) is an important medicinal plant produces more than 80 alkaloids belonging to various tetrahydrobenzylisoquinoline derived classes. These alkaloids are obtained from the capsules and straw of the plant. Information on the nature and magnitude of gene effects are required for genetic improvement. Therefore, the continuous assessment of newer breeding materials is mandatory on part of breeders. The objective of this study was undertaken to understand the particular gene action involved in the inheritance of yield and component traits. Two families (VG26 × VG20 and SG35II × VE01) of opium poppy were analyzed to study the gene actions involved in the inheritance of yield and component traits (plant height, leaves per plant, capsules per plant, peduncle length, capsule index, seed and straw yield per plant and morphine content). Simple additive, dominance, and epistatic genetic components were found to be significant. Dominance effect (‘h’) was higher than additive effect (‘d’) for capsule index and morphine content. Digenic interaction indicated the prevalence of dominance × dominance (‘l’) followed by additive × dominance (‘j’) type epistasis. The opposite sign of dominance (‘h’) and dominance × dominance (‘l’) indicated duplicate epistasis for all the traits. Biparental mating followed by recurrent selection involving desired recombinants may be utilized to improve the component traits.  相似文献   

Comparative effects of compost and NPK fertilizer on vegetative growth,protein, and carbohydrate of Moringa oleifera lam hybrid PKM-1     

Muhammad Sarwar  Jayanta Kumar Patra  Byeon Jihui 《Journal of plant nutrition》2018,41(12):1587-1596

A field study evaluated the effects of NPK (21:17:17) and compost on vegetative growth, proteins, and carbohydrates of Moringa oleifera. The experimental design was randomized complete block design (RCBD) with six treatments replicated three times. Compost and NPK fertilizers were applied together which include control (without fertilizer) 5 t ha^?1 (Compost), 120 kg ha^?1 (NPK), 50 + 50% ha^?1 (NPK + Compost), 10 + 50% ha^?1 (NPK + Compost), and 50 + 10% ha^?1 (NPK + Compost) per plot. For NPK fertilizer, the rate was 10 and 50% of 120 kg ha^?1 and for compost it was 10 and 50% of 5 t ha^?1. The measured growth parameters were plant height (cm), stem girth (mm), number of leaves, and number of branches per plant. Results showed that 120 kg ha^?1 (NPK) treatment produced plants of more height, stem girth, more number of leaves, maximum number of branches as compared to other treatments at week 8 with higher protein. Carbohydrate content was high in 50 + 50% (NPK + Compost) compared to others.  相似文献   

Effect of contrasting tillage and cropping systems on soil aggregation,carbon pools and aggregate‐associated carbon in rainfed Vertisols          下载免费PDF全文

J. Somasundaram  R. S. Chaudhary  D. Awanish Kumar  A. K. Biswas  N. K. Sinha  M. Mohanty  K. M. Hati  P. Jha  M. Sankar  A. K. Patra  R. Dalal  S. K. Chaudhari 《European Journal of Soil Science》2018,69(5):879-891

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Effect of Drip Fertigation on Yield,Water Use Efficiency,and Nutrients Availability in Banana in West Bengal,India     

Sanjit Pramanik  Sonamuni Lai  R. Ray  S. K. Patra 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2016,47(13-14):1691-1700

Field studies were conducted during 2008–2009 and 2009–2010 at the Gangetic alluvial plains of West Bengal, India, to assess the different levels of drip fertigation at variable evaporation replenishment compared to surface irrigation and conventional soil fertilization on yield, water use efficiency, and nutrients availability in plant and ratoon crop of banana. The experiment was laid in an Augmented Factorial Complete Block Design with three replications having three drip irrigation schedules at 50%, 60%, and 70% of cumulative pan evaporation (CPE) and three drip fertigation schedules at 50%, 60%, and 80% of recommended nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) fertilizers with inclusion of conventional surface irrigation at 100% of IW/CPE. The results showed that fruit yield of plant and ratoon crop increased progressively with increasing levels of irrigation water (up to 60% CPE) and NPK fertigation through the drip system. However, maximum fruit yield and water use efficiency of crops was obtained with drip irrigation at 60% CPE with NPK fertigation at 80% of recommended dose. Drip irrigation, as a whole, registered higher fruit yields and water use efficiency with savings of 38.3–41.5% of water compared to surface irrigation. Availability of N, P, and K in soil at vegetative, shooting, and harvesting stages for plant and ratoon crop consistently increased with increasing rate of irrigation water and NPK fertigation through the drip system. Higher availability of macronutrients in soil was recorded with drip irrigation at 70% CPE with 80% of recommended drip NPK fertigation. Overall drip fertigation system improved the available plant nutrients in the soil as compared with traditional surface irrigation.  相似文献