Investigation of Cervical Patency and Uterine Appearance in Domestic Cats by Fluoroscopy and Scintigraphy     

K Chatdarong  N Kampa  E Axnr  C Linde‐Forsberg 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2002,37(5):275-281

The cervical patency of six domestic female cats was monitored under sedation by infusion of contrast medium (Omnipaque) into the cranial vagina during early oestrus, mid‐oestrus, late oestrus and interoestrus or a radiopharmaceutical (^99mTc‐HSA) during mid‐ and interoestrus in a non‐ovulatory oestrous cycle. The transport of the contrast medium or the radiopharmaceutical through the cervix and within the uterine horns was observed under fluoroscopy and with the aid of scintigraphy. In three of the queens, transcervical transport of contrast medium was demonstrated in all stages of oestrus, in one queen during mid‐oestrus, late oestrus and 1 day after oestrus, and in two queens only during late oestrus. The relations between the cervical patency to the contrast medium and the oestrous behaviour, cornification of the vaginal cells and the serum oestradiol‐17β concentration were evaluated, and a relationship was found between the cervical patency and the degree of vaginal cornification. Transcervical transport of the radiopharmaceutical was observed in three queens during mid‐oestrus. When the cervix was open, hysterography under a fluoroscope and hysteroscintigraphy were performed. The fluoroscopic and scintigraphic recordings revealed the patterns of the uterine contractions during oestrus in both ascending and descending directions, and the movement of the uterine contents back and forth between the uterine horns. The hysterograms were classified according to the shape of the uterine horns and the appearance of the endometrial lining. Spiral‐shaped uterine horns with a smooth inner contour were observed in two queens, and a corkscrew appearance with irregular filling defects in the uterine lumen was shown in two queens that had developed subclinical cystic endometrial hyperplasia. These findings demonstrated that fluids or particles deposited in the cranial vagina of the cat can be transported into the uterus during some stages of the oestrous cycle. The fluoroscopic and scintigraphic techniques developed in this study may be further modified to permit more detailed studies of uterine contractile patterns and sperm transport in the feline female reproductive tract. Hysterography proved useful to diagnose uterine disease. The information on cervical patency is of value also for the development of techniques for artificial insemination in this species, and should be studied also in the ovulatory cycle.  相似文献   

鼻气管鸟杆菌对鸡的感染及其防制     

程思明  任文雁  Peter De Herdt 《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2002,(1):50-52

鼻气管鸟杆菌发现于 1 990年 ,自那时以来已在世界范围内被公认为一种呼吸道病原菌 ,可在肉用鸡引起原发感染或继发感染。对种鸡进行免疫接种是减轻鼻气管鸟杆菌所致经济损失的有效方法。  相似文献   

Influence of various feeding conditions, the migrating myoelectric complex and cholinergic drugs on antral slow waves in sheep.     

K W Romański 《Archives of Animal Nutrition》2002,56(6):393-408

The presented study was designed to elucidate whether the cholinergic mechanisms control ovine antral slow waves in various physiological conditions, including feeding and various phases of migrating myoelectric complex (MMC). The investigations were carried out on six adult sheep of Polish Merino breed with seven bipolar electrodes surgically implanted onto the antral and small intestinal wall. In the course of chronic experiments, the myoelectric activity was recorded from these regions using the multichannel electroencephalograph. Experiments were performed on 48 h fasted and non-fasted animals. During some of these experiments, sheep were fed with standard fodder. During control experiments 0.15 M NaCl was slowly administered i.v. through the indwelling catheter and during other experiment, hexamethonium bromide (2.0 and 5.0 mg/kg). atropine sulfate (0.02; 0.1; 0.5 and 1.5 mg/kg) and pirenzepine dihydrochloride (0.02; 0.5 and 2.0 mg/kg) were administered i.v. during phase 1-2a or 2b MMC. The drugs were also given in combinations. The recordings were analysed and the antral slow wave amplitudes and frequencies were calculated. Unlike the slow wave amplitude, either feeding or the anticholinergic drugs significantly increased slow wave frequency, especially when the given procedure was started during phase 2b MMC. The most pronounced effects were observed after hexamethonium given alone or in combinations. Thus, the cholinergic system modulates antral slow wave frequency in sheep.  相似文献   

Characterisation of cross-reactivity of virus neutralising antibodies induced by feline panleukopenia virus and canine parvoviruses   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

K. Nakamura  Y. Ikeda  T. Miyazawa  Y. Tohya  E. Takahashi  M. Mochizuki 《Research in veterinary science》2001,71(3):219-222

It was recently reported that canine parvoviruses (CPV) had entered cat populations and induced disease in infected cats, while they had affected only dogs in the past. It is important to determine whether conventional feline panleukopenia virus (FPLV) vaccines protect against recent CPV infections. In this study, the cross-reactivity of virus-neutralising (VN) and haemagglutinin-inhibition (HI) antibodies in cats induced by FPLV and CPV s were examined. Lower cross-reactivities of VN and HI antibodies against each CPV strain were observed in cats experimentally inoculated with FPLV or vaccinated with an inactivated FPLV vaccine. In addition, we revealed the existence of a novel type of FPLV, which reacted weakly with antibodies induced by the conventional FPLV vaccine.  相似文献   

The Effect of Diet on the Biochemical Composition of Juvenile Artemia: Potential Formulations for Rock Lobster Aquaculture     

Matthew M.  Nelson Ben D.  Mooney Peter D.  Nichols Charles E  Phleger Greg G.  Smith Piers  Hart Arthur J.  Ritar 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2002,33(2):146-157

The lipid class and fatty acid (FA) composition of juvenile Artemia fed continuously on four diets—the microalga Tetraselmis suecica , a mix of oat bran-wheat germ-lecithin (OWL), OwL-eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and OWL-EPA-arachidonic acid (AA)—were examined over a 9-d experiment in an attempt to approximate the FA profile of phyllosoma larvae of wild southern rock lobster Jasus edwardrii . The main difference in lipid class composition of Artemia fed the four diets was the relative level of polar lipid (PL) and triacylglycerol (TAG). By day 9, the algal-fed Artemia were highest in PL (95% of total lipid) and lowest in TAG (2%), whereas the remaining diets resulted in Artemia with 16–30% PL and 41–82% TAG. After 2 d, the relative FA composition of all Artemia treatments closely reflected those of the diets, with no marked change after further feeding (to day 9). In terms of the content of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), by day 5 Artemia fed: 1) with the algal diet contained 7 mg/g FA dry mass (0.3% DHA, 6.3% EPA, 3.4% AA of total FA); 2) with the OWL diet contained 3 mg/g (0.3% DHA, 0.9% EPA, 0.7% AA); 3) with the OWL-EPA diet contained 55 mg/g (6.2% DHA, 11.6% EPA, 1.1% AA); and 4) with the OWL-EPA-AA contained 83 mg/g (3.8% DHA, 7.5% EPA, 17.4% AA). The PUFA profiles of Artemia using the OWL-oil diets were similar to wild rock lobster phyllmmata, although levels of doco-sahexaenoic acid (DHA) were lower (10% DHA) than in J. edwardsii larvae. On the basis of PUFA composition data alone, the results suggest the suitability of the OWL-oil mixed diets for consideration for feeding to Artemia used in the culture of southern rock lobster larvae, particularly if the level of DHA can be further enhanced.  相似文献   

Experimental trials on the use of radioimmunoassay for the detection of leptospiral antigens in urine   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

A R Bahaman  R B Marshall  K M Moriarty 《Veterinary microbiology》1986,12(2):161-167

Trials were conducted on the use of the solid phase radioimmunoassay (RIA) to detect leptospires or their antigens in simulated urine samples. The procedure was relatively simple to perform and appeared to be specific in detecting certain numbers of leptospiral organisms or their antigens in experimentally prepared samples. With this technique, it was possible to examine individual or pooled urine samples for the presence of leptospires within half a day. This technique may be of value for the detection of leptospiruric animals if the sensitivity of the technique could be further increased. Suggestions for the improvement of the procedure are discussed.  相似文献   

Developmental stages of the mite Varroa jacobsoni Oudemans, 1904 (Acari: Dermanyssidae)     

O Haragsim  K Samsinák 《Veterinární medicína》1986,31(2):105-112

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Markers, old and new, for examining Phytophthora infestans diversity   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

D. E. L. Cooke†  A. K. Lees 《Plant pathology》2004,53(6):692-704

Late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans , is an ongoing threat to potato and tomato crop production worldwide and considerable fundamental and applied research is conducted with the long-term aim of improved disease control. Understanding the mechanisms, processes and rates of P. infestans evolution is an important factor in predicting the effectiveness and durability of new management practices. A range of phenotypic and genotypic tests has been applied to achieve this goal, but each has limitations and new methods are sought. Recent progress in P. infestans genomics is providing the raw data for such methods and new high-throughput codominant biomolecular markers are currently being developed that have tremendous potential in the study of P. infestans population biology, epidemiology, ecology, genetics and evolution. This paper reviews some key applications, recommends some changes in approach and reports on the status and potential of new and existing methods for probing P. infestans genetic diversity.  相似文献   

Epidemiology and diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in captive Asian elephants (Elephas maximus).     

S K Mikota  L Peddie  J Peddie  R Isaza  F Dunker  G West  W Lindsay  R S Larsen  M D Salman  D Chatterjee  J Payeur  D Whipple  C Thoen  D S Davis  C Sedgwick  R J Montali  M Ziccardi  J Maslow 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2001,32(1):1-16

The deaths of two Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) in August 1996 led the United States Department of Agriculture to require the testing and treatment of elephants for tuberculosis. From August 1996 to September 1999. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection was confirmed by culture in 12 of 118 elephants in six herds. Eight diagnoses were made antemortem on the basis of isolation of M. tuberculosis by culture of trunk wash samples; the remainder (including the initial two) were diagnosed postmortem. We present the case histories, epidemiologic characteristics, diagnostic test results, and therapeutic plans from these six herds. The intradermal tuberculin test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay serology, the blood tuberculosis test, and nucleic acid amplification and culture are compared as methods to diagnose M. tuberculosis infection in elephants.  相似文献   

Tolerance of halofuginone (Stenorol) by geese (Anser anser f. dom.), flight ducks (Cairina moschata f. dom.) and Peking ducks (Anas platyrhynchos f. dom.)     

K P Behr  H Lüders  C Plate 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1986,93(1):4-8

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