Lipase-assisted generation of 2-methyl-3-furanthiol and 2-furfurylthiol from thioacetates   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Bel Rhlid R  Matthey-Doret W  Blank I  Fay LB  Juillerat MA 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(14):4087-4090

Enzymatic hydrolysis of S-3-(2-methylfuryl) thioacetate and S-2-furfuryl thioacetate using lipase from Candida rugosa produced 2-methyl-3-furanthiol and 2-furfurylthiol, respectively. When reactions were carried out at room temperature and pH 5.8, 2-methyl-3-furanthiol was produced in a optimal yield of 88% after 15 min of reaction, whereas 2-furfurylthiol was obtained in a yield of 80% after 1 h of reaction time. Enzymatic hydrolysis was also performed in n-hexane, n-pentane, and water/propylene glycol mixture. The reaction rates in these media were slower as compared to those in aqueous medium; however, the reaction yields were quite similar. As expected, the stability of the generated 2-methyl-3-furanthiol and 2-furfurylthiol was better in n-hexane, n-pentane, and the water/propylene glycol mixture as compared to that in water or phosphate buffer.  相似文献   

Control of the prickly pear cochineal,Dactylopius opuntiae (Cockerell), in Morocco: an overview     

Sabbahi  Rachid  Hock  Virginia 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2022,129(6):1323-1330

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Prickly pear, Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Miller (Caryophyllales: Cactaceae), cultivations in Morocco have been aggressively infested in recent years by the...  相似文献   

Glacial refugia: hotspots but not melting pots of genetic diversity     

Petit R  Aguinagalde I  de Beaulieu JL  Bittkau C  Brewer S  Cheddadi R  Ennos R  Fineschi S  Grivet D  Lascoux M  Mohanty A  Müller-Starck G  Demesure-Musch B  Palmé A  Martín JP  Rendell S  Vendramin GG 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,300(5625):1563-1565

Glacial refuge areas are expected to harbor a large fraction of the intraspecific biodiversity of the temperate biota. To test this hypothesis, we studied chloroplast DNA variation in 22 widespread European trees and shrubs sampled in the same forests. Most species had genetically divergent populations in Mediterranean regions, especially those with low seed dispersal abilities. However, the genetically most diverse populations were not located in the south but at intermediate latitudes, a likely consequence of the admixture of divergent lineages colonizing the continent from separate refugia.  相似文献   

Anxiolytic-Like Effect of a Salmon Phospholipopeptidic Complex Composed of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Bioactive Peptides     

Nabila Belhaj  Frédéric Desor  Céline Gleizes  Frédéric M. Denis  Elmira Arab-Tehrany  Rachid Soulimani  Michel Linder 《Marine drugs》2013,11(11):4294-4317

A phospholipopeptidic complex obtained by the enzymatic hydrolysis of salmon heads in green conditions; exert anxiolytic-like effects in a time and dose-dependent manner, with no affection of locomotor activity. This study focused on the physico-chemical properties of the lipidic and peptidic fractions from this natural product. The characterization of mineral composition, amino acid and fatty acids was carried out. Stability of nanoemulsions allowed us to realize a behavioral study conducted with four different tests on 80 mice. This work highlighted the dose dependent effects of the natural complex and its various fractions over a period of 14 days compared to a conventional anxiolytic. The intracellular redox status of neural cells was evaluated in order to determine the free radicals scavenging potential of these products in the central nervous system (CNS), after mice sacrifice. The complex peptidic fraction showed a strong scavenging property and similar results were found for the complex as well as its lipidic fraction. For the first time, the results of this study showed the anxiolytic-like and neuroprotective properties of a phospholipopeptidic complex extracted from salmon head. The applications on anxiety disorders might be relevant, depending on the doses, the fraction used and the chronicity of the supplementation.  相似文献   

Variation in root system architecture and drought response in rice (Oryza sativa): Phenotyping of the OryzaSNP panel in rainfed lowland fields     

Amelia Henry  Veeresh R.P. GowdaRolando O. Torres  Kenneth L. McNallyRachid Serraj 《Field Crops Research》2011

Root growth at soil depths below 30 cm may provide access to critical soil water reserves during drought in rainfed lowland rice. In this study, the OryzaSNP panel, a set of 20 lines representing genetic diversity in rice used for the discovery of DNA sequence polymorphisms, was evaluated for root characteristics in the field over three seasons varying in drought severity. Root length density (RLD) at a depth of 30–45 cm varied up to 74–92% among genotypes under drought stress (2008–2009 dry seasons), ranging from 0.024 to 0.23 cm cm⁻³ in 2008 and from 0.19 to 0.81 cm cm⁻³ in 2009. Real-time monitoring of soil moisture profiles revealed significant differences among genotypes, and these differences were correlated with RLD at those soil depths. Among the lines evaluated, the Aus isozyme group, particularly the genotype Dular, showed greater drought resistance associated with deep root growth and the highest drought response index (less reduction in yield by drought stress). Since the set of genotypes used in this study has been completely sequenced for SNP markers, the phenotypic information on root growth and drought avoidance responses presented here could be used in initial analysis of the genetic basis of dehydration avoidance traits and in facilitating improvement in drought resistance in rice.  相似文献   

AMMI analysis of cassava response to contrasting environments: case study of genotype by environment effect on pests and diseases,root yield,and carotenoids content in Cameroon     

Apollin Kuate Fotso  Rachid Hanna  Peter Kulakow  Elisabeth Parkes  Peter Iluebbey  Francis Ajebesone Ngome  Christopher Suh  Jacques Massussi  Ibrahim Choutnji  Venasius Lendzemo Wirnkar 《Euphytica》2018,214(9):155

Genotype by environment interaction remains a substantial issue in all breeding programs. Crop genotypes are generally developed in a central breeding location, but always require the evaluation of breeding products in different environments. This is particularly relevant in countries that have a wide range of climates. Eighteen cassava genotypes were evaluated in Cameroon in eight environments—varying in seasonal rainfall and temperature patterns and soil characteristics—over two cropping seasons. Soil nutrient content was analyzed and trials were established in a randomized complete block design in three replications. Response of genotypes to major cassava pests and diseases, yield and carotenoids content was evaluated. It was observed that four genotypes did not show cassava mosaic disease (CMD) symptoms irrespective of the environments. The local check had highest CMD incidence and severity across all environments. Average number of whitefly per plant across all environments was highest on TMS 96/0023. Average cassava green mite (CGM) infestation was low on all the genotypes. Fresh root yield of five genotypes ranged between 25 and 30 tons per ha for both years. Significant and positive correlation was found across locations between fresh root yield and soil K, P and Mg. AMMI analysis revealed highly significant differences among genotypes and environments and significant genotype?×?environment interaction for most of the estimated traits, indicating variability in genotypes performance with environment.  相似文献   

A study of the molluscicidal and larvicidal activities of Citrullus colocynthis (L.) leaf extract and its main cucurbitacins against the mollusc Galba truncatula,intermediate host of Fasciola hepatica          下载免费PDF全文

Rachid Chawech  Fatma Njeh  Nejia Hamed  Mohamed Damak  Ali Ayadi  Hayet Hammami  Raoudha Mezghani‐Jarraya 《Pest management science》2017,73(7):1473-1477

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Trace metal distribution in pelagic fish species from the north-west African coast (Morocco)     

Afandi  Imane  Talba  Sophia  Benhra  Ali  Benbrahim  Samir  Chfiri  Rachid  Labonne  Maylis  Masski  Hicham  Laë  Raymond  Tito De Morais  Luis  Bekkali  Mohammed  Bouthir  Fatima Zohra 《International Aquatic Research》2018,10(2):191-205

International Aquatic Research - In the current study, ten elements contents (Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cr, Co, Ni, Cd, Pb and Hg) have been measured in muscle and liver of four pelagic fish species...  相似文献   

Field and controlled conditions screenings of some faba bean (Vicia faba L.) genotypes for resistance to the parasitic plant Orobanche crenata Forsk. and investigation of involved resistance mechanisms     

Briache  Fatima Zahra  Ennami  Mounia  Mbasani-Mansi  Joseph  Gaboun  Fatima  Abdelwahd  Rabha  Fatemi  Zain El Abidine  El-Rodeny  Walid  Amri  Moez  Triqui  Zine El Abidine  Mentag  Rachid 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2019,126(3):211-224

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - The parasitic weed Orobanche crenata is a serious constraint to legumes crops in Mediterranean area. In Morocco, heavy O. crenata infestation level was...  相似文献   

Environmental effects on the spatio‐temporal patterns of abundance and distribution of Sardina pilchardus and sardinella off the Mauritanian coast (North‐West Africa)          下载免费PDF全文

Mahmoud Bacha  Mohamed Ahmed Jeyid  Vincent Vantrepotte  David Dessailly  Rachid Amara 《Fisheries Oceanography》2017,26(3):282-298

From 1998 to 2011, the effects of environmental conditions on the spatial and temporal trends of sardine and sardinella catch rates in the Mauritanian waters were investigated using generalized additive models. Two models were used: a global model and an oceanographic model. The global models explained more of the variability in catch rates (60.4% for sardine and 40% for sardinella) than the oceanographic models (42% for sardine and 32.4% for sardinella). Both species showed clear and inverse seasonal variations in abundances corresponding to their main spawning activities and the hydrologic seasons off the Mauritanian waters. Sardine prefer colder waters and seem to occupy the ‘gap’ in the northern part of the Mauritanian waters as soon as sardinella has left the area because of to lower water temperatures. Unlike sardinella, sardine showed a gradual southward extension between 2002 and 2009. The oceanographic model revealed that a high proportion of catch variability for the two species could be explained by environmental variables. The main environmental parameters explaining the variability are sea surface temperature (SST) and the upwelling index for sardinella, and the chlorophyll‐a (Chl‐a) concentration, the upwelling index and SST for sardine. The sardinella spatio‐temporal variations off Mauritania seem to be more controlled by thermal than productivity gradients, probably linked to the species physiological constraints (thermal tolerance) whereas sardine seems to be more controlled by an ‘optimal upwelling and temperature’ windows. The results presented herein may be useful for understanding the movement of these species along the Mauritanian coast and hence their management under a changing climate.  相似文献