Effects of cooling rates on the quality of Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1836) sperm     

Daniella Aparecida de Jesus Paula  Luis David Solis Murgas  Tssia Flvia Dias Castro  Isadora de Lima Assis  Rafael Vilhena Reis Neto  Silvana Marcussi 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2019,54(7):1034-1043

This study aims to investigate the effect of different cooling rates on the semen cryopreservation of curimba (Prochilodus lineatus). Nineteen ejaculates were obtained from adults males and cryopreserved at 15°C/min (CR15), 30°C/min (CR30) (controlled temperature inside and outside straw, speed was stable during freezing) and direct freezing in liquid nitrogen vapour (~35.6°C/min) (CRNV). The straws were thawed and seminal parameters evaluated. DNA fragmentation through the comet assay was assessed. A fresh sperm sample was not frozen and used for analyses. Data were submitted to an analysis of variance (ANOVA), and means were compared by Scott–Knott test (p < 0.05) using the R Software. Mean motility percentage was 100%, and motility duration was 39.5 ± 5.7 s for the fresh sperm (subjective analysis); 58.9 ± 8.0% and 24.5 ± 5.7 s for CR15; 64.8 ± 4.8% and 26.5 ± 7.1 s for CR30; and 50.1 ± 16% and 25.7 ± 4.7 s for CRNV, respectively. Motility percentages were higher and equal between CR15 and CR30 compared to CRNV (p < 0.05). Some sperm motion kinetics, namely average path velocity (VAP) and straight line velocity (VAS), were higher for CR30 (p < 0.05), while curvilinear velocity (VCL) and velocity progression (PRO) were lower for CRNV (p < 0.05). Straightness (STR) and wobble (WOB) were the same among treatments (p > 0.05). Sperm morphology results indicated higher means for total morphological sperm alterations in CRNV. All cooling rates caused sperm DNA fragmentation, although CR30 provided a less harmful effect. This is the first report for cryopreserved P. lineatus sperm preserved under different controlled cooling rates. The cooling rate of 30°C/min is indicated for the cryopreservation of this fish sperm as it led to the lowest detrimental spermatozoa effects.  相似文献   

Canine ocular and periocular snakebites requiring enucleation: A report of 19 cases     

Erin M. Scott  Brittany N. Schlesener  Gillian C. Shaw  Leandro B. C. Teixeira 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2019,22(5):666-673

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The future of canine glaucoma therapy     

Andrs M. Komromy  Dineli Bras  Douglas W. Esson  Ronald L. Fellman  Sinisa D. Grozdanic  Larry Kagemann  Paul E. Miller  Sayoko E. Moroi  Caryn E. Plummer  John S. Sapienza  Eric S. Storey  Leandro B. Teixeira  Carol B. Toris  Terah R. Webb 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2019,22(5):726-740

Canine glaucoma is a group of disorders that are generally associated with increased intraocular pressure (IOP) resulting in a characteristic optic neuropathy. Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible vision loss in dogs and may be either primary or secondary. Despite the growing spectrum of medical and surgical therapies, there is no cure, and many affected dogs go blind. Often eyes are enucleated because of painfully high, uncontrollable IOP. While progressive vision loss due to primary glaucoma is considered preventable in some humans, this is mostly not true for dogs. There is an urgent need for more effective, affordable treatment options. Because newly developed glaucoma medications are emerging at a very slow rate and may not be effective in dogs, work toward improving surgical options may be the most rewarding approach in the near term. This Viewpoint Article summarizes the discussions and recommended research strategies of both a Think Tank and a Consortium focused on the development of more effective therapies for canine glaucoma; both were organized and funded by the American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists Vision for Animals Foundation (ACVO‐VAF). The recommendations consist of (a) better understanding of disease mechanisms, (b) early glaucoma diagnosis and disease staging, (c) optimization of IOP‐lowering medical treatment, (d) new surgical therapies to control IOP, and (e) novel treatment strategies, such as gene and stem cell therapies, neuroprotection, and neuroregeneration. In order to address these needs, increases in research funding specifically focused on canine glaucoma are necessary.  相似文献   

Non‐human primates as a reservoir for rabies virus in Brazil     

Ivanete Kotait  Rafael de Novaes Oliveira  Maria Luiza Carrieri  Juliana G. Castilho  Carla Isabel Macedo  Patrícia Mariano Cruz Pereira  Vanner Boere  Lúcia Montebello  Charles E. Rupprecht 《Zoonoses and public health》2019,66(1):47-59

Rabies virus (RABV) does not persist in the environment as it is a very fragile agent. The primary hosts are mammalian species in the orders Carnivora and Chiroptera. Since the late 1980s, RABV has been isolated from non‐human primates, Callithrix jacchus (the white‐tufted marmoset), in four coastal states (Rio Grande do Norte, Ceará, Piauí and Pernambuco) in north‐eastern Brazil, where this species is indigenous. The original habitat of C. jacchus consisted of two Brazilian biomes, the Atlantic Forest and the Caatinga. However, these marmosets have since adapted to other ecosystems as a result of human activities. Between 1988 and 1989, RABV isolates were obtained from white‐tufted marmosets in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, but antigenic and genetic identification studies were not conducted at that time. In the following years, three additional states reported cases (Ceará, Piauí and Pernambuco). In two of these states (Ceará and Piauí), human cases of rabies transmitted by marmosets were reported. According to Brazilian Health Ministry data, at least 19 human cases in which this species was the source of infection were registered in between 1990 and 2016. Recent findings in laboratory tests of 12 rabid samples from humans and marmosets and the regional transmission among these animals for over 20 years, together with the gradual increase in the affected geographic area, support the concept of the emergence of a new RABV reservoir. Regional tourism, the wild animal trade and the cultural practice of maintaining these animals as pets, particularly in coastal regions, appear to be major risk factors for the increase in human cases. Additional epidemiological and ecological studies are required to better understand local disease dynamics and to identify ideal opportunities for prevention and control of this fatal infection.  相似文献   

Multicentric squamous cell carcinona in a paca (Agouti paca) resembling Bowen's disease     

Marcela M Luppi  Marcelo C C Malta  Maria E L T Costa  Rafael O C Motta  Renato L Santos 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2008,39(2):244-247

An 8-yr-old female paca (Agouti paca) was admitted at the Veterinary Hospital of the Belo Horizonte Zoo (Brazil) with an ulcerated cutaneous nodule of approximately 1.5 cm in diameter in the left ear. One week later, other cutaneous nodules were detected in various body locations. The animal died during a surgical procedure to remove the tumors. All cutaneous nodules were histologically similar with features of squamous cell carcinoma. Considering the predominant in situ nature of the lesion as well as its multicentric localization, the disease reported here closely resembles Bowen's disease, which has been described in humans and which has been identified as a rare neoplastic disease of cats, with one single report in a dog. This is the first report of a neoplastic disease in Agouti  相似文献   

Intake,digestibility, growth performance,and enteric methane emission of Brazilian semiarid non-descript breed goats fed diets with different forage to concentrate ratios     

Aynoanne Leandro Barbosa  Tadeu Vinhas Voltolini  Daniel Ribeiro Menezes  Salete Alves de Moraes  Julio Cesar Silva Nascimento  Rafael Torres de Souza Rodrigues 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(2):283-289

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Proteome of the periovulatory oviduct and uterus of goats as related to nutritional balance          下载免费PDF全文

César Carneiro Linhares Fernandes  Paula Rodriguez‐Villamil  Fábio Roger Vasconcelos  Celso Shiniti Nagano  Rafael Rossetto  Arlindo de Alencar Araripe Noronha Moura  Davide Rondina 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(5):1085-1095

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different feeding levels on the proteome of oviduct and uterus tissues of hormonally stimulated goats during the periovulatory period. Forty goats were separated into four different diet groups: Diet 1.0 M (n = 11), Diet 1.3 M (n = 10), Diet 1.6 M (n = 9), Diet 1.9 M (n = 10), fed with 1.0, 1.3, 1.6 and 1.9 times live weight maintenance, respectively. After four weeks of treatment, six hormonally stimulated females per treatment group were randomly selected for collection of uterine and the oviduct tissue samples. Samples were collected after animals were slaughtered in a commercial unit. Feeding goats with 1.3 to 1.9 times more nutrients than a control group directly influenced the proteome of the oviduct and uterus, altering the expression of proteins that participate in biological processes such as apoptosis, antioxidant, and immunological activities. These events are crucial for fertilization and early embryonic survival. Expression of oviduct proteins such as Tubulin Beta 2B, Transferrin and Disulphide‐isomerase A3 increased in the 1.9 M group in relation to the other feeding levels. Disulphide‐isomerase A4 showed higher expression in the 1.0 M group compared to diets with higher energetic levels. As energy intake increased in the diets, there was higher expression of Alpha‐1‐antitrypsin and downregulation of Profilin‐1 in the uterus of the goats. In conclusion, this study showed that specific proteins of the goat oviduct and uterus expressed during the periovulatory period are modified as the result of nutritional balance.  相似文献   

Iridociliary cysts masquerading as neoplasia in cats: a morphologic review of 14 cases          下载免费PDF全文

Jessica A. Fragola  Richard R. Dubielzig  Ellison Bentley  Leandro B. C. Teixeira 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2018,21(2):125-131

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Uveal schwannoma in a brown‐eyed dog          下载免费PDF全文

Todd L. Marlo  Elizabeth A. Giuliano  Cecil P. Moore  Gillian C. Shaw  Leandro B. C. Teixeira 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2018,21(2):205-209

An eleven‐year‐old, female spayed Boxer dog was diagnosed with a uveal schwannoma (formerly known as the spindle cell tumor of the blue‐eyed dog or SCTBED) despite having a uniformly brown iris. The patient presented to emergency for ocular discomfort, and the right globe was subsequently enucleated due to glaucoma and submitted for histopathology. Upon histopathologic evaluation, a uveal schwannoma was diagnosed and confirmed with immunohistochemical staining. Complete metastatic evaluation 1 and 6 months after initial presentation did not reveal evidence of metastasis, and the dog remains systemically healthy. This case represents a unique variant of uveal schwannoma and is relevant because although the vast majority of these tumors occur in blue‐eyed dogs, clinicians should not completely rule out this tumor as a differential based on the iris color.  相似文献   

Evaluation and comparison of postoperative analgesic effects of dexketoprofen and methadone in dogs     

Álvaro J. Gutiérrez-Bautista  Juan Morgaz  María del Mar Granados  Rafael J. Gómez-Villamandos  Juan M. Dominguez  José A. Fernandez-Sarmiento  Daniel Aguilar-García  Rocío Navarrete-Calvo 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2018,45(6):820-830

Objective

To evaluate and compare the analgesic efficacy and adverse effects of dexketoprofen and methadone using a noninferiority trial, during the first 24 postoperative hours in dogs undergoing orthopaedic surgery.

Study design

Randomized, blinded clinical study.

Animals

A total of 38 healthy dogs undergoing orthopaedic surgery.

Methods

Dogs were premedicated with dexmedetomidine [1 μg kg^–1 intravenously (IV)] followed by dexketoprofen (1 mg kg^–1 IV; group DK) or methadone (0.2 mg kg^–1 IV; group M). Anaesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with isoflurane in 60% oxygen. Postoperatively, dexketoprofen was administered every 8 hours (group DK) and methadone every 4 hours (group M). Analgesia was assessed at baseline and at 1, 2, 4, 6, 18 and 24 hours after extubation using a dynamic and interactive visual analogue scale (DIVAS), the short form of the Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale (CMPS-SF), mechanical wound thresholds (MWTs) and plasma cortisol levels. If CMPS-SF score was ≥5, rescue analgesia was administered. Data were analysed using a general linear mixed model, Mann–Whitney U test and chi-squared test as appropriate; a p value <0.05 was considered significant.

Results

The CMPS-SF and DIVAS scores were significantly higher in group M compared with group DK and remained higher for a longer period in group M, although the differences were not clinically significant. No significant differences were found in MWT assessment between groups. Plasma cortisol level significantly increased 2 hours after extubation, without significant differences between treatments. Rescue analgesia was administered to three animals (one in group DK; two in group M).

Conclusion and clinical relevance

We conclude that 1 mg kg^–1 IV dexketoprofen administered every 8 hours during the first 24 hours postoperatively is noninferior to methadone in controlling pain after orthopaedic surgery in dog, although frequent pain assessments are recommended to adjust the analgesia plan.  相似文献