Molecular epidemiology of peste des petits ruminants viruses from southern India     

Raj GD  Kumar AS  Shaila MS  Nachimuthu K  Palaniswami KS 《The Veterinary record》2003,152(9):264-266

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Demonstration of Alternative and Classical Complement Pathway Activity in Colostrum from Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)     

Matheswaran K  Dhinakar Raj G  Nachimuthu K 《Veterinary research communications》2003,27(6):445-452

Buffalo colostrum caused lysis of unsensitized red blood cells (RBC) from sheep, goats, rabbits and chickens. RBC from cattle and buffalo were resistant to lysis. That lysis was due to the presence of natural antibodies to these RBC was ruled out since there was no reduction in haemolytic titres even after adsorption with the respective RBC. The addition of EGTA to the diluent had no effect on the haemolytic activity. These findings indicate the presence of alternative complement pathway (ACP) activity in buffalo colostrum. The haemolytic activity of buffalo complement for unsensitized rabbit RBC was reduced to very low levels by heating at 50°C for 45 min. Treatment with zymosan also inhibited the haemolytic activity, while inulin had no effect. The maximum activity of ACP occurred in the presence of 4 mmol/L Mg²⁺ in the diluent. The range of ACP activities in colostrum from buffaloes varied from 4.06 to 8.48 CH₅₀ units/ml. Using a standard system for titrating the classical complement pathway and rabbit red blood cells sensitized with goat haemolysin, the range of complement activity in buffalo colostrum was 4.81–6.77 CH₅₀/ml.  相似文献   

Natural occurrence of a begomovirus on pigeonpea in India     

S. K. Raj  M. S. Khan  R. Singh 《Plant pathology》2005,54(6):809-809

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PATHOGENICITY AND IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE PROPERTIES OF INFECTIOUS BURSAL DISEASE VIRUS FIELD ISOLATES AND COMMERCIAL VACCINES IN INDIA     

Thangavelu  A.  Dhinakar Raj  G.  Elankumaran  S.  Murali manohar  B.  Koteeswaran  A.  Venugopalan  A.T. 《Tropical animal health and production》1998,30(3):167-176

The pathogenicity and immunosuppressive properties of two field isolates of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) and five commercial IBDV live virus vaccines marketed in India were evaluated in this study. The pathogenicity of the wild type viruses and vaccines were based on mortality, the bursa:body weight ratio and microscopic lesions in the bursa in 3-week-old chicks that received these viruses. The immunosuppressive effects of these viruses were evaluated by measuring the antibody responses to sheep red blood cells, Brucella abortus plain antigen and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine in one-day-old chicks. One field isolate (N35/93) was found to be more pathogenic and immunosuppressive than the other (N45/92) while none of the commercial mild Lukert type vaccines were found to be pathogenic. One of the vaccine strains marked as Mild Lukert type was highly immunosuppressive; one was moderate and one could be classified as mild. Both the intermediate vaccines tested were highly immunosuppressive.  相似文献   

Evidence from nucleic acid hybridization tests for geminivirus infection of ornamental crotons in India     

S. K. Raj  K. M. Srivastava  B. P. Singh 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1996,102(2):201-203

Reduced growth of plants and excessive generalised and spotty yellowing of leaves occurred in ornamental crotons that were infected with a geminivirus, which was detected by spot hybridization tests using a cloned probe derived from DNA-A of acalypha yellow mosaic geminivirus. The croton virus was transmitted by the whitefly,Bemisia tabaci, toNicotiana tabacum andAcalypha indica, in which it caused leaf curl and yellow mosaic, respectively, but it was not transmitted to five other species. Infected crotons may therefore serve as reservoirs of a geminivirus that is able to infect a crop species.  相似文献   

Prevalence of fenbendazole resistance in ovine nematodes in north west india   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Raj Kumar  C. L. Yadav 《Tropical animal health and production》1994,26(4):230-234

Summary A survey was undertaken between March and September 1992 to assess the prevalence of fenbendazole resistance in sheep nematodes in 32 traditionally managed rural flocks and 22 intensively managed flocks on 3 farms. Fenbendazole, a commonly used anthelmintic was used at the recommended dose of 5 mg/kg body weight. Efficacy was determined on the basis of percentage reduction in strongyle faecal egg counts (FECR%) and larval cultures before and between 7 and 10 days after treatment. None of the traditionally managed rural flocks showed resistance and all had greater than 99% reduction in faecal egg counts after treatment.Of the 22 intensively managed flocks, however, 15 had slight fenbendazole resistance (between 60 and 90% reduction in egg counts) and 4 had severe resistance (less than 60% reduction).

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Prevalencia De La Resistencia A Fenbendazole En Nematodos Ovinos En El Noroeste De India

Resumen Se llevó a cabo un estudio entre marzo y septiembre de 1992, para determinar la prevalencia de resistencia a fenbendazole de nemátodos ovinos en 32 rebaños con un manejo tradicional y 22 con un manejo intensivo en 3 fincas. El fenbendazole, un antihelmíntico comunmente usado, se dosificó a la dosis recomendada de 5 mg/kg de peso vivo. La eficacia fue determinada sobre la base del porcentaje de reducción en el conteo de huevos de estróngilus y los cultivos de larvas antes y entre 7 y 10 días después del tratamiento. Ninguno de los apriscos manejados tradicionalmente mostraron resistencia y todos tuvieron más del 99% de reducción en el conteo de huevos después del tratamiento.De los rebaños manejados intensivamente, 15 tuvieron una ligera resistencia al fenbendazole (entre 60 y 90% de reducción en el conteo de huevos) y 4 tuvieron resistencia marcada (menos de 60% de reducción).

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Prevalence De La Resistance Au Fenbendazole De Nematodes Chez Des Ovins Du Nord-Ouest De L'Inde

esumé Une enquête a été entreprise de mars à septembre 1992 pour évaluer la prévalence de la résistance au fenbendazole de nématodes dans 32 troupeaux de moutons conduits en élevage traditionnel et 22 en élevage intensif appartement à 3 fermes. Le fenbendazole, anthelminthique communément utilisé, a été administré à la dose recommandée de 5 mg/kg de poids vif. Son efficacité a été déterminée à partir de la réduction du pourcentage du nombre d'oeufs de strongles dans les fèces et à partir de cultures de larves avant et entres le 7e et 10e jours après le traitement. Aucun des troupeaux en élevage traditionnel n'a montré de résistance au médicament et tous ont présenté une réduction de 99 p.100 du nombre d'oeufs dans les féces après le traitement. Une légère résistance au produit (entre 60 et 90 p.100 de réduction du nombre d'oeufs) a cependant été démontrée dans 15 des 22 troupeaux en élevage intensif et une résistance grave (réduction de moins de 60 p.100) dans 4 autres.

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Evaluation of control populations: Body weight and rate of gain in Japanese quail     

A. D. Narayan 《British poultry science》1977,18(1):107-114

1. Two control populations of quail of different origin were maintained by cyclical mating, one for 4 and the other for 6 generations. Means, heritabilities, genetic and phenotypic correlations of body weights at 1, 14 and 35 d and rates of gain from 1 to 14 d and from 14 to 35 d did not show any trend of change with generation.

2. The variability between generations was greater in the characters having intermediate and lower values of heritability, genetic and phenotypic correlations than in those with higher values.  相似文献   

Inheritance of body weight and rate of gain in Japanese quail     

A. D. Narayan 《British poultry science》1976,17(5):513-523

1. The effects of hatch date, location and sex on the body weight and rate of gain in Coturnix coturnix japonica were examined.

2. The data conformed to a mixed model and adjustments were made for the fixed effects sex, hatch date and location. Adjustment improved the precision of the estimates by reducing the error variances significantly.

3. Rearing equal numbers of birds from each family at different locations made the interactions negligible.

4. Weight gain was greater if illumination intensity up to 35 d was less.

5. Females were not heavier on the 1st day but were heavier on the 14th and 35th days than males.

6. Variance components and genetic parameters were estimated.  相似文献   

Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in fecal generic Escherichia coil isolated in western Canadian beef herds. Part II--cows and cow-calf pairs.          下载免费PDF全文

Sheryl P. Gow  Cheryl L. Waldner  Andrijana Rajíc  Margaret E. McFall  Richard Reid-Smith 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2008,72(2):91-100

The objective of this study was to describe antimicrobial resistance in fecal generic Escherichia coli isolated from cows and cow-calf pairs from western Canadian beef herds. Susceptibility testing was completed on 1555 E. coli isolates (n = 533 cows from 69 herds) harvested from fresh fecal samples in the spring of 2002, and 630 isolates (n = 105 cow-calf pairs from 10 herds) collected in the spring of 2003. Only 1 cow isolate was resistant to an antimicrobial classified by Health Canada as being of very high importance to human medicine. Resistance to at least 2 antimicrobials was detected in 7.1% of the 2002 cow isolates, in 3.4% of the 2003 cow isolates, and 23.2% of the 2003 calf isolates. In the cows, resistance to at least 1 antimicrobial was not associated with cow breed (P = 0.16), cow age (P = 0.14), or previous cow treatment (P = 0.56). In the calves, resistance to at least 1 antimicrobial was not predicted by whether or not its dam was resistant to at least 1 antimicrobial (P = 0.36).  相似文献   

Detection of peste des petits ruminants virus antigen using immunofiltration and antigen-competition ELISA methods     

Raj GD  Rajanathan TM  Kumar CS  Ramathilagam G  Hiremath G  Shaila MS 《Veterinary microbiology》2008,129(3-4):246-251

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