Flight patterns of the peach twig borer,Anarsia lineatella zell. (Lep., Gelechiidae) in central europe as observed using pheromone traps     

RNDr. F. Kocourek CSc.  J. Beránková  I. Hrdý 《Journal of pest science》1996,69(4):84-87

Pheromone traps were used for monitoring phenology of the peach twig borer,Anarsia lineatella, in Central Bohemia. The pest has two generations a year, the first one (owerwintering) is usually more numerous than the second one. The peak of the flight of the first generation begins by day-degrees (DD) 400–450 °C and the peak of the flight of the second generation at DD 900–960 °C. DD data can be used for supervised control both in the case of timing the chemical treatment and for deciding on using pheromones for male confusion. The suitable term for chemical treatment in the given locality in Central Bohemia is DD 360°C (above the developmental threshold 10 °C). The injury to fruits and shoots of peach trees similar to that caused byA. lineatella does also the oriental fruit moth,Cydia molesta. According to very low catches in pheromone trapsC. molesta does not seem to be economically important in Central Bohemia at present.With 2 tables and 3 figures  相似文献   

Relation between combustion heat and chemical wood composition during white and brown rot     

Ing. J. Dobrý Ph.D.  Dr. A. Dziurzyński  Prof. Dr. V. Rypáček 《Wood Science and Technology》1986,20(2):137-144

Summary The results of respective investigations indicate that during white rot the combustion heat of wood (Q_exp (J/g)) remained virtually unchanged and at the greatest extent of decomposition it was in the range also found in non-rotten wood. During brown rot the combustion heat of wood samples increased, beginning at a weight loss of 20–30%. The difference between Q_exp and the weighted mean of combustion heat values of isolated chemical wood components (Q_cal) were neglectable. If Q_exp values measured for each sample were taken as 100%, then Q_cal averaged from 101.1–105.6% and from 97.4–108.2% during white and brown rot, respectively. The Q_cal calculation error is expressed as coefficient k; it varies depending on the accuracy and selectivity of the separation methods used.  相似文献   

Generationszahl der RübenfliegePegomyia hyoscyami betae Curt.     

V. Skuhravý 《Journal of pest science》1962,35(12):177-180

Summary During the years 1959–1961 the number of generations was followed in Spinach Leaf Miner (Pegomyia hyoscyami betae Curt.) in central Bohemia at 310 m above sea level and in the year 1961 in southern Bohemia at 450 m. The larvae and the eggs were studied on the leaves at regular 10–14 days' intervals by controlling each plant and images by means of a sweeping method. There have been acertained two generations in the year 1959 and three generations in the year 1961 in central Bohemia and two generations in the year 1961 in southern Bohemia. The occurence of every generation of larvae on the suggar-beet was separate and the previous and the consecutive generation did not overlop.The origin of the erroneous date on 6–7 generations of this species (Rambousek, Neuwirth, 1931) has been also cleared up in this article. This statement has been taken over by Sorauer (1953) from the Review of Applied Entomology (1931) and has been lately mentioned by many authors. F. Neuwirth gave a personal information, that the statement on 6–7 generations occurence of Spinach Leaf Miner has been found on the basis of theoretical calculation (from the lenght of one generation in spring and not on the basis of the facts found in natural conditions).

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Résumé En 1959–1961 le nombre des générations de la mouche de la betterave a été observé dans la Bohème Centrale á l'altitude de 310 m audessus de la mer et en 1961 dans le Sud de la Bohème á l'altitude de 450 m. Les larves et les oeufs ont été observé sur les feuilles dans les intervalles de 10–14 jours regulierement effectués sur chaque plante et imagines en particulier par le filet fauchior. En 1959 deux générations et en 1960 et 1961 trios géné rations dans la Bohéme Centrale, ainsi que en 1961 deux générations dans le Sud de la Boheme ont été constates. La prence de chaque génération des larves sur la betterave aété separée et les générations consecutives ne malaient pas presque jamais avec les précedents.Dans cet travail l'auteur a clarifié comment une donnée fautive sur 6–7 générations de cette espéce est survenu (Rambousek et Neuwirth, 1931). Cette donnée orginante de Review of Applied Entomology [1931] a été reprise par Sorauer (1953) et elle a été ensuite récemment mentionée par d'autres auteurs. Selon une déclaration personelle de Mr. F. Neuwirth les donées des 6–7 générations de la mouche de la betterave en Tschécoslovaquie ent été acquis par une évaluation théoretique (se basant sur la durée de la génération du printemps et non sur les resultats des observations réelles dans les conditions naturelles.

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1959–61 . (310 . ) 1961 . (450 . ). 10–14 , . 1959 . 2 , 1960 . — 3, 1961 . — 2 . , . , 6–7 (Rambousek, Neuwirth 1931). . . 6–7 , , .

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Rundschau     

Dr. V. Skuhravý 《Journal of pest science》1962,35(8):125-127

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Bejlomorky (Gallmücken.)     

M. Skuhravá  V. Skuhravý 《Journal of pest science》1961,34(3):45-45

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   

The first finding of Echinococcus multilocularis in dogs in Slovakia: an emerging risk for spreading of infection     

Antolová D  Reiterová K  Miterpáková M  Dinkel A  Dubinský P 《Zoonoses and public health》2009,56(2):53-58

Alveolar echinococcosis, caused by the metacestode Echinococcus multilocularis, is a zoonosis of public health significance. Apart from red foxes, other carnivore species can also serve as definitive hosts of this parasite. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of E. multilocularis in dogs in the Slovak Republic and identify risk factors for acquiring the infection. Out of 289 dogs examined, E. multilocularis was detected in eight samples (2.8%). Positive results were observed in shepherd dogs (12.5%), guard dogs (7.1%), hunting dogs (2.4%) and in one dog with unknown usage (2.5%). Catching rodents and feeding with raw viscera were confirmed to be the most important risk factors for E. multilocularis infection. On the contrary, the way of dog use, frequency of going to the rural areas, the age and gender of animals seem not to be risk factors for infection. No significant association was observed between the positivity of dogs coming from high endemic or non-endemic regions. This is the first report of E. multilocularis in dogs in the Slovak Republic that confirms substantial contribution of dogs to the transmission of the tapeworm in this territory and urges the necessity of prophylactic measures for dog owners.  相似文献   

Production of UV-light-detectable faeces from house mice (Mus musculus domesticus) after consumption of encapsulated fluorescent pigment in monitoring bait     

Frynta D  Eliášová B  Fraňková M  Aulický R  Rödl P  Stejskal V 《Pest management science》2012,68(3):355-361

BACKGROUND: The authors investigated whether fluorescent pigment in thermoset melamine microcapsules incorporated into monitoring baits would be excreted in the faeces of wild house mice in a quantity and intensity that would be detectable by a human observer. RESULTS: Experimental mice produced 24–116 UV‐visible faecal pellets per 24 h; the mean dry weight was 582 mg. The number and weight of the faeces was independent of mouse sex and weight. The defecation of UV‐visible faeces began at 2–3 h, peaked at 5–8 h and was complete at 17 h after bait ingestion. The detectability of the highly fluorescent faecal pellets using a small UV flashlight approached 100%, and no false positives were recorded. CONCLUSION: The tested formulation is of significant value for rodent pest monitoring because faeces that are highly visible by UV light are produced for 15 h by mice after ingestion, and their detection is easy and unambiguous. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

Unusual manifestation of tuberculosis in an ostrich (Struthio camelus)     

Sevcíková Z  Ledecký V  Capík I  Levkut M 《The Veterinary record》1999,145(24):708

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Acute phase proteins in dogs and cats: current knowledge and future perspectives   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

Ceron JJ  Eckersall PD  Martýnez-Subiela S 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2005,34(2):85-99

The acute phase response is a nonspecific inflammatory reaction of the host that occurs shortly after any tissue injury. The response includes changes in the concentration of plasma proteins called acute phase proteins (APPs), some of which decrease in concentration (negative APPs), such as albumin or transferrin, and others of which increase in concentration (positive APPs), such as C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A, haptoglobin, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, and ceruloplasmin. Most positive APPs are glycoproteins synthesized mainly by hepatocytes upon stimulation by proinflammatory cytokines and released into the bloodstream. The acute phase response and clinical application of monitoring APPs in dogs and cats are reviewed in this article, including biochemical characteristics, assays developed for each individual APP, and preanalytic and analytic factors influencing APP results that should be taken into account for proper and adequate clinical interpretation. In addition, the diagnostic use of APPs and their possible application in monitoring treatment, which can be considered one of the most interesting and promising practical applications of these proteins, will be discussed. Finally, challenges and future developments of APPs in dogs and cats will be considered, because it is expected that new and cheaper automated assays for determination of the main APPs in small animals will contribute to a wider use of these proteins as biomarkers of infection and inflammatory lesions.  相似文献   

Dog shedding oocysts of Neospora caninum: PCR diagnosis and molecular phylogenetic approach   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Slapeta JR  Modrý D  Kyselová I  Horejs R  Lukes J  Koudela B 《Veterinary parasitology》2002,109(3-4):157-167

Results of molecular determination of a dog isolate of Neospora caninum in the Czech Republic are presented. Colorless bisporocystic oocysts measuring 10-13 micro m x 10-11 micro m were recovered from feces and used for DNA isolation. A diagnostic PCR procedure using previously described molecular methods was performed to determine the species. The N. caninum species-specific primers based on the Nc 5 region produced a positive result, while primers specific for Hammondia heydorni rDNA internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) was negative. Sequencing and phylogenetic comparison of ITS1 rDNA and the D2 domain of the large subunit rDNA (D2 LSU) determined our isolate to be N. caninum. Phylogenetic analysis of closely related genera Toxoplasma, Neospora and Hammondia based on ITS1 and D2 LSU robustly distinguished three clades: (i). Toxoplasma gondii + Hammondia hammondi, (ii). N. caninum + Neospora hughesi, and (iii). H. heydorni. Based on phylogenetic relationships we propose three acceptable suggestions to solve the problem of taxonomy of these genera.  相似文献