Autoregressive model for genetic evaluation of longitudinal reproductive traits in Brazilian Holstein cattle     

Hugo Teixeira Silva  Paulo Sávio Lopes  Júlio Carvalheira  Delvan Alves Silva  Alessandra Alves Silva  Fabyano Fonseca Silva  Renata Veroneze  Gertrude Thompson  Cláudio Napolis Costa 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2021,56(3):391-399

Reproductive efficiency is major determinant of the dairy herd profitability. Thus, reproductive traits have been widely used as selection objectives in the current dairy cattle breeding programs. We aimed to evaluate strategies to model days open (DO), calving interval (CI) and daughter pregnancy rate (DPR) in Brazilian Holstein cattle. These reproductive traits were analysed by the autoregressive (AR) model and compared with classical repeatability (REP) model using 127,280, 173,092 and 127,280 phenotypic records, respectively. The first three calving orders of cows from 1,469 Holstein herds were used here. The AR model reported lower values for Akaike Information Criteria and Mean Square Errors, as well as larger model probabilities, for all evaluated traits. Similarly, larger additive genetic and lower residual variances were estimated from AR model. Heritability and repeatability estimates were similar for both models. Heritabilities for DO, CI and DPR were 0.04, 0.07 and 0.04; and 0.05, 0.06 and 0.04 for AR and REP models, respectively. Individual EBV reliabilities estimated from AR for DO, CI and DPR were, in average, 0.29, 0.30 and 0.29 units higher than those obtained from REP model. Rank correlation between EBVs obtained from AR and REP models considering the top 10 bulls ranged from 0.72 to 0.76; and increased from 0.98 to 0.99 for the top 100 bulls. The percentage of coincidence between selected bulls from both methods increased over the number of bulls included in the top groups. Overall, the results of model-fitting criteria, genetic parameters estimates and EBV predictions were favourable to the AR model, indicating that it may be applied for genetic evaluation of longitudinal reproductive traits in Brazilian Holstein cattle.  相似文献   

Nɛ-(carboxymethyl)lysine,Available Lysine,and Volatile Compound Profile of Biscuits Enriched with Grape by-Product During Storage     

Mildner-Szkudlarz  Sylwia  Siger  Aleksander  Przygoński  Krzysztof  Radziejewska-Kubzdela  Elżbieta  Zawirska-Wojtasiak  Renata 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2022,77(2):190-197

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - We investigated the changes in N?-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) and available lysine content, antioxidant properties, volatiles, and oxidation products of...  相似文献   

Evaluation of Three Enzyme Immunoassays for Diagnosis of Clostridium difficile–Associated Diarrhea in Foals     

Rodrigo Otávio Silveira Silva  Monique Silva Neves  Márcio Garcia Ribeiro  Maristela Silveira Palhares  Renata de Pino Albuquerque Maranhão  Francisco Carlos Faria Lobato 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2014

The aim of the present study was to compare the test performances of three commercial enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) against the toxigenic culture using the cytotoxicity assay as the gold standard. All EIAs showed >78% sensitivity, and the lowest specificity was 92.6%. These results suggest that EIAs could be useful for the diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection in foals.  相似文献   

Light quality on the in vitro growth and production of pigments in the genus Alternanthera     

Andressa Reis  Alitcia Moraes Kleinowski  Fátima Rosane Schuquel Klein  Renata Trevizan Telles  Luciano do Amarante  Eugenia Jacira Bolacel Braga 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2015,18(5):349-357

In tissue culture, several chemical and physiological factors can influence the production of secondary metabolites. The growth response and increased secondary metabolite production generated by a high irradiance environment, can be used to determine a favorable habitat for the growth and conservation of medicinal plants. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the influence of light quality on growth and production of secondary metabolites in Alternanthera sessilis (L.) R. Br. ex DC. (sessile joyweed), Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Grisebach (alligatorweed), Alternanthera tenella Colla (joyweed), and Alternanthera brasiliana (L.) Kuntze (Brazilian joyweed) plants cultured in vitro. The species were grown in MS medium, for 45 days in different light qualities (blue, white, and red). Growth parameters and biochemical analysis were performed at the end of the study. The results show that the red light allowed a higher accumulation of biomass in most species; red and white light were great inductors for the production of betacyanin and the blue light favored the enhancement of flavonoids. In this manner, the quality of light can affect the betacyanin, betaxanthin, and flavonoid biosynthesis as well as growth patterns in the related Alternanthera species. Based on the data presented, we suggest that specific genes can encode the pigment production according to the light quality which exhibit distinct activation patterns in different plant species.  相似文献   

Very-high-energy gamma rays from a distant quasar: how transparent is the universe?     

MAGIC Collaboration  Albert J  Aliu E  Anderhub H  Antonelli LA  Antoranz P  Backes M  Baixeras C  Barrio JA  Bartko H  Bastieri D  Becker JK  Bednarek W  Berger K  Bernardini E  Bigongiari C  Biland A  Bock RK  Bonnoli G  Bordas P  Bosch-Ramon V  Bretz T  Britvitch I  Camara M  Carmona E  Chilingarian A  Commichau S  Contreras JL  Cortina J  Costado MT  Covino S  Curtef V  Dazzi F  De Angelis A  De Cea Del Pozo E  de Los Reyes R  De Lotto B  De Maria M  De Sabata F  Mendez CD  Dominguez A  Dorner D  Doro M  Errando M  Fagiolini M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,320(5884):1752-1754

The atmospheric Cherenkov gamma-ray telescope MAGIC, designed for a low-energy threshold, has detected very-high-energy gamma rays from a giant flare of the distant Quasi-Stellar Radio Source (in short: radio quasar) 3C 279, at a distance of more than 5 billion light-years (a redshift of 0.536). No quasar has been observed previously in very-high-energy gamma radiation, and this is also the most distant object detected emitting gamma rays above 50 gigaelectron volts. Because high-energy gamma rays may be stopped by interacting with the diffuse background light in the universe, the observations by MAGIC imply a low amount for such light, consistent with that known from galaxy counts.  相似文献   

Mitochondrial biogenesis in mammals: the role of endogenous nitric oxide     

Nisoli E  Clementi E  Paolucci C  Cozzi V  Tonello C  Sciorati C  Bracale R  Valerio A  Francolini M  Moncada S  Carruba MO 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,299(5608):896-899

Nitric oxide was found to trigger mitochondrial biogenesis in cells as diverse as brown adipocytes and 3T3-L1, U937, and HeLa cells. This effect of nitric oxide was dependent on guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP) and was mediated by the induction of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1alpha, a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. Moreover, the mitochondrial biogenesis induced by exposure to cold was markedly reduced in brown adipose tissue of endothelial nitric oxide synthase null-mutant (eNOS-/-) mice, which had a reduced metabolic rate and accelerated weight gain as compared to wild-type mice. Thus, a nitric oxide-cGMP-dependent pathway controls mitochondrial biogenesis and body energy balance.  相似文献   

Mating Type, Virulence, Aggressiveness and Metalaxyl Resistance of Isolates of Phytophthora Infestans in Poland     

Jadwiga Śliwka  Sylwester Sobkowiak  Renata Lebecka  Jose Avendaño-Córcoles  Ewa Zimnoch-Guzowska 《Potato Research》2006,49(3):155-166

A total of 93 single-lesion isolates of Phytophthora infestans were collected from late blight diseased potatoes grown in several locations in Poland, in the years 2002–2004. They were tested for mating type, virulence, aggressiveness and metalaxyl resistance. Sixty one percent of the isolates was of the A1 and 39% of the A2 mating type. Regarding virulence, complex races predominated. Most of the isolates were highly and moderately aggressive. Among isolates, tested together with 38 previously collected (1995–2001) ones, 14.5% was metalaxyl resistant, 3.5% intermediately resistant and 82.0% of the isolates was sensitive to metalaxyl. In addition, 14 isolates tested with three simple sequence repeat markers showed high genetic diversity. These data indicate that Polish population of P. infestans is diverse and aggressive, with potential for sexual recombination and spreading of fungicide insensitivity.  相似文献   

Avian mycobacteriosis in companion birds: 20-year survey     

Manarolla G  Liandris E  Pisoni G  Sassera D  Grilli G  Gallazzi D  Sironi G  Moroni P  Piccinini R  Rampin T 《Veterinary microbiology》2009,133(4):323-327

The causative agents of avian mycobacteriosis in pet birds are rarely identified. The aim of this study is to add information about the etiology of avian mycobacteriosis. The identification of mycobacterium species in 27 cases of avian mycobacteriosis in pet birds was investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing of a rRNA hypervariable region. Avian mycobacteriosis appeared to be an infrequent diagnosis. Interestingly, a few cases of avian mycobacteriosis were recorded in very young birds. The most commonly affected species were the canary (Serinus canarius), the Eurasian goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis) and the red siskin (Spinus cucullatus). All but one bird were infected with Mycobacterium genavense. Mycobacterium avium was identified only in one case.  相似文献   

Influence of type of distillation apparatus on chemical profiles of brazilian cachaças     

Reche RV  Neto AF  Silva AA  Galinaro CA  Osti RZ  Franco DW 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(16):6603-6608

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