First report of Bemisia tabaci Mediterranean (Q biotype) species in Brazil          下载免费PDF全文

Leonardo da Fonseca Barbosa  Valdir Atsushi Yuki  Julio Massaharu Marubayashi  Bruno Rossitto De Marchi  Fernando Luis Perini  Marcelo Agenor Pavan  Danielle Ribeiro de Barros  Murad Ghanim  Enrique Moriones  Jesus Navas‐Castillo  Renate Krause‐Sakate 《Pest management science》2015,71(4):501-504

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Determination and confirmation of melamine residues in catfish, trout, tilapia, salmon, and shrimp by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry     

Andersen WC  Turnipseed SB  Karbiwnyk CM  Clark SB  Madson MR  Gieseker CM  Miller RA  Rummel NG  Reimschuessel R 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(12):4340-4347

Pet and food animal (hogs, chicken, and fish) feeds were recently found to be contaminated with melamine (MEL). A quantitative and confirmatory method is presented to determine MEL residues in edible tissues from fish fed this contaminant. Edible tissues were extracted with acidic acetonitrile, defatted with dichloromethane, and cleaned up using mixed-mode cation exchange solid-phase extraction cartridges. Extracts were analyzed by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry with hydrophilic interaction chromatography and electrospray ionization in positive ion mode. Fish and shrimp tissues were fortified with 10-500 microg/kg (ppb) of MEL with an average recovery of 63.8% (21.5% relative standard deviation, n = 121). Incurred fish tissues were generated by feeding fish up to 400 mg/kg of MEL or a combination of MEL and the related triazine cyanuric acid (CYA). MEL and CYA are known to form an insoluble complex in the kidneys, which may lead to renal failure. Fifty-five treated catfish, trout, tilapia, and salmon were analyzed after withdrawal times of 1-14 days. MEL residues were found in edible tissues from all of the fish with concentrations ranging from 0.011 to 210 mg/kg (ppm). Incurred shrimp and a survey of market seafood products were also analyzed as part of this study.  相似文献   

Diversity and abundance of earthworms across an agricultural land-use intensity gradient     

Richard G. Smith  Claire P. McSwiney  A. Stuart Grandy  Pongthep Suwanwaree  Renate M. Snider  G. Philip Robertson 《Soil & Tillage Research》2008,100(1-2):83-88

Understanding how communities of important soil invertebrates vary with land use may lead to the development of more sustainable land-use strategies. We assessed the abundance and species composition of earthworm communities across six replicated long-term experimental ecosystems that span a gradient in agricultural land-use intensity. The experimental systems include a conventional row-crop agricultural system, two lower-intensity row-crop systems (no-till and tilled organic input), an early successional old-field system, a 40–60 years old coniferous forest plantation, and an old-growth deciduous forest system. Earthworm populations varied among systems; they were lowest in the most intensively managed row-crop system (107 m⁻²) and coniferous forest (160 m⁻²); intermediate in the old-field (273 m⁻²), no-till (328 m⁻²) and tilled organic (344 m⁻²) cropping systems; and highest in the old-growth deciduous forest system (701 m⁻²). Juvenile Aporrectodea species were the most common earthworms encountered in intensively managed systems; other species made up a larger proportion of the community in less intensively managed systems. Earthworm community biomass and species richness also varied and were lowest in the conventional row-crop system and greatest in the old-growth forest system. These results suggest that both land-use intensity and land-use type are strong drivers of the abundance and composition of earthworm communities in agricultural ecosystems.  相似文献   

A Comparison of Three Techniques for Detecting Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1 (BHV-1) in Naturally and Experimentally Contaminated Bovine Semen     

D. Brunner  Monika Engels  M. Schwyzer  R. Wyler 《Reproduction in domestic animals》1988,23(1):1-9

Contents: Immune electron microscopy, hybridization (Sandwich, Southern-blot and dot-blot hybridization) as well as two cell culture inoculation techniques to detect bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) in naturally and artificially contamined bovine semen were compared. Immune electron microscopy was not a suitable method because of its low limit of detection. Dot-blot hybridization, as the most sensitive hybridization technique, could detect 150 pg BHV-1 DNA/semen straw (～ 10⁶TCID₅₀/ 500 μl semen). Best results were obtained by using cell culture techniques. With the first technique embryonic bovine lung cells (EBLC) on microtiterplates were inoculated with an ultracentrifuged pellet of seminal plasma (pelleting method). The second procedure comprised a dilution of 250 μl (1/2 content of a straw) in 6,25 ml cell culture medium which were overlayed on a confluent layer of EBLC in a 25 cm² flask. After an incubation of 4 hours at 37°C the medium was decanted and replaced by 6,5 ml fresh medium (dilution method). With both tissue culture methods as little as 5 TCID₅₀ of BHV-1 in 500 μl of artificially contaminated semen were detectable. However the dilution method was better suited than the pelleting method because toxic effects to cells were less pronounced. It was even possible to detect BHV-1 in naturally contaminated semen samples where all other methods failed. The DNA of virus isolates from semen showed three different restriction patterns. Inhalt: Vergleich dreier Methoden zum Nachweis von bovinem Herpesvirus Typ 1 (BHV-1) in natürlich und experimentell kontaminiertem Rindersamen Die Immunelektronenmikroskopie, die Hybridisation (Sandwich-, Southern-Blot- und die Dot-Blot Hybridisation) sowie zwei Zellkultur-Inokulationstechniken wurden zum Nachweis von bovinem Herpesvirus Typ-1 (BHV-1) in natürlich und künstlich kontaminiertem Stierensamen verglichen. Die Immunelektronenmikroskopie erwies sich dabei als zu wenig empfindliche Methode. Die Dot-Blot Hybridisation war die beste der Hybridbationsmethoden. Es lieβen sich damit bis zu 150 pg BHV-1 DNA/Paillette (～ 10⁶ TCID ₅₀ /500 μl Samen) nachweisen. Am besten eigneten sich Zellkulturmethoden. Eine erste Methode bestand darin, embyonale bovine Lungenzellen in Microtiterplatten mit einem Ultrazentrifugensediment des Samenplasmas zu inokulieren (pelleting method). In einem zweiten Verfahren wurde 1/2 Inhalt einer Pailette (250 μl) in 6,25 ml Zellkulturmedium verdünnt und damit ein Zellrasen von embyonalen bovinen Lungenzellen überschichtet. Nach 4 h bei 37°C wurde das Medium abgegossen und durch 6,5 ml neues Medium ersetzt (Verdünnungsmethode). Mit beiden Methoden lieβen sich 5 TCID₅₀ BHV-1 in 500 μl Rünstlich kontaminiertem Samen nachweisen. Die Verdünnungsmethode war aber besser geeignet, weil der toxische Effekt auf die Zellen geringgradiger war. Mit der Verdünnungsmethode lieβ sich aus Ejakulaten BHV-1 isolieren, auch in Fällen, in denen alle andern Methoden versagten. Die DNA's von Virusisolaten aus Rindersamen wiesen drei verschiedene Restriktionsmuster auf.  相似文献   

Vascular supply of the lumbar intervertebral disk of the dog     

J Frewein  M Heiniger-Meylan  K Brunner 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1986,99(5):174-176

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Comparative studies of the immunostimulating (paramunizing) effectiveness of BCG, levamisole, Corynebacterium parvum and preparations of pock viruses in various in vivo and in vitro tests     

A Mayr  M Büttner  S Pawlas  V Erfle  B Mayr  R Brunner  K Osterkorn 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1986,33(5):321-339

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Integrated pest management approach for a new pest, Lacanobia subjuncta (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), in Washington apple orchards     

Doerr MD  Brunner JF  Schrader LE 《Pest management science》2004,60(10):1025-1034

Bioassays of Lacanobia subjuncta (Grote and Robinson) larvae established baseline LC50 values and identified the potential of reduced-risk, organophosphate replacement and naturally derived insecticides (eg chloronicotinyls, spinosyns, oxadiazines, insect growth regulators, microbial insecticides and particle films) to control this pest. The toxicities of these products were compared with those of organophosphate, carbamate, chlorinated cyclodiene and synthetic pyrethroid insecticides used in the management of lepidopteran pests in Washington apple orchards. Field trials were conducted comparing candidate insecticides to conventional alternatives. Several new insecticides (eg spinosad, methoxyfenozide, indoxacarb and an aluminosilicate particle film) proved to be effective for the management of L subjuncta. We summarize the goals and challenges of developing an integrated pest management program for new and resurgent pests as insecticide tools continue to change, and propose a hypothesis for the sudden increase in pest status of L subjuncta based on organophosphate tolerances. The role of novel insecticides with unique modes of action in resistance management and the encouragement of biological control are also discussed.  相似文献   

IMAGING DIAGNOSIS—THE COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF A GIANT CELL TUMOR AFFECTING THE MANDIBLE IN A PYGMY GOAT          下载免费PDF全文

Jonathon Dixon  Renate Weller  Sonja Jeckel  Roy Pool  Alex Mcsloy 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2016,57(5):E51-E53

A 3‐year‐old male neutered pygmy goat presented for evaluation of a progressive mandibular swelling and inappetence. A computed tomographic (CT) scan of the head and thorax was performed under general anesthesia. Computed tomography revealed an extensive multiloculated, markedly expansile lesion within the right hemimandible, which involved the articular surface of the temporomandibular joint. The goat was euthanased due to a poor prognosis and postmortem examination confirmed the diagnostic imaging findings. Histopathology was strongly suggestive of a multinucleated giant cell tumor, therefore this condition should be considered as a differential diagnosis in goats presenting with expansile mandibular mass lesions.  相似文献   

Computed tomographic dimensions of the normal adult equine eye     

Anna R. Hollis  Jonathon J. Dixon  Davide Berlato  Rachel Murray  Renate Weller 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2019,22(5):651-659

There are limited data on whether the dimensions of the equine eye and its internal structures change with bodyweight in horses. The aim of this study was to identify whether the size of the equine eye and its individual structures varied in a predictable manner with bodyweight, and to examine the reliability of computed tomography (CT) scans in the measurement of the equine eye. Ninety horses which had undergone CT examination of the head for non‐ocular disease were included. All measurements of the eye were performed twice on all eyes by the same operator to quantify intra‐operator agreement, and in 10 cases were also performed by a second operator to quantify inter‐operator agreement. Agreement was excellent for all but the rostrocaudal measurement of the anterior chamber, which was fair. The following variables correlated significantly with bodyweight: anterior‐posterior size of the globe (correlation coefficient: 0.586) and posterior segment (correlation coefficient: 0.554); the latero‐medial size of the globe (correlation coefficient: 0.452), anterior chamber (correlation coefficient: 0.504) and posterior segment (correlation coefficient: 0.455); and the orbital fossa diameter (correlation coefficient: 0.219). The lens size and anterior‐posterior distance of the anterior chamber did not correlate significantly with bodyweight. These results suggest that overall eye size and the size of the orbital fossa change with the bodyweight of the horse, but lens size remains consistent, and that CT measurements of the internal structures of the eye are repeatable and reproducible. This information aids in interventional procedures for ocular pathology and assessment of normal anatomy.  相似文献   

Carriage of meticillin‐resistant staphylococci between humans and animals on a small farm          下载免费PDF全文

Andrea Klang  Regina Wagner  Theresia Licka  Tom Grunert  Andrea T. Feßler  Dorothe Geier‐Dömling  Renate Rosengarten  Elke Müller  Annett Reissig  Stefan Monecke 《Veterinary dermatology》2016,27(3):191-e48

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