Climate and population origin shape pine tree height-diameter allometry     

Natalia Vizcaíno-Palomar  Inés Ibáñez  Marta Benito-Garzón  Santiago C. González-Martínez  Ricardo Alía 《New Forests》2017,48(3):363-379

Tree height-diameter allometry, the link between tree height and trunk diameter, reflects the evolutionary response of a particular species’ allocation patterns to above and belowground resources. As a result, it differs among and within species due to both local adaptation and phenotypic plasticity. These phenotypic variations in tree height-diameter allometry determine tree productivity, resistance and resilience to climate variation and, ultimately, the success of plant material used in restoration projects. We tested the effect of climate change and population origin on the phenotypic variation of tree allometry in four pine species at an early stage of development (ca. 11 years old) based upon data originated from multi-site provenance tests and planted along a wide climatic range in south-western Europe. For a representative sample of populations from each species, we used already-developed species-specific height-diameter allometric models to assess changes in allometry between present and future climatic conditions. We found that Pinus halepensis and Pinus pinaster were the most plastic species, while Pinus sylvestris and Pinus nigra showed negligible plastic responses. In addition, our models stressed that pine tree height-diameter allometry will change and phenotypic variation could increase, except in P. sylvestris, under future environmental conditions. For some of the species, this might allow the selection of phenotypes better suited to novel climatic conditions. These foreseeable changes in tree height-diameter allometry (among and within-species) could entail eco-evolutionary effects on the early forest plantation dynamics. Therefore, restoration and reforestation plans should consider these effects, as they may interfere with production and/or environmental goals.  相似文献   

Economic viability of Phaseolus vulgaris (BRS Estilo) production in irrigated system in a function of application of leaf boron     

Rilner Alves Flores  Ricardo Gomes da Silva  Patrícia Pinheiro da Cunha  Virgínia Damin  Klaus de Oliveira Abdala  Everton Martins Arruda 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2017,67(8):697-704

Foliar fertilization may be a viable strategy to boron supply in irrigated cropping systems with common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris), since it prevent B leaching. The aim of this work was to evaluate the economic viability and physiological parameters of the common beans production in irrigated cropping systems using sources and increasing foliar boron doses. A field experiment was carried out using an experimental block design in a factorial scheme 2?×?5?×?3, with two sources of B (boric acid and borax) and five doses: 0 (control), 2, 4, 6 e 8?kg?ha^?1, with three repetitions. Foliar B applications were performed at 40 days after seeds germination, in pre-flowering stage. Physiological process (transpiration, stomatal conductance, CO₂ internal concentration, net photosynthesis, and relative chlorophyll index), B level in leaves and grain yield were measured. These data were used to determine the economic viability of B fertilization in common beans. Both boric acid and borax increased B levels in common beans leaves. Borax affected some physiological process reducing stomatal conductance and increasing net photosynthesis. Using borax, the highest net photosynthesis was observed at a rate of 4?kg?ha^?1, while the boric acid increased net photosynthesis linearly after increasing B doses application. An enhance of 311?kg?ha^?1 in the grain yield was observed using borax related to the control (without B application); however, grain yield decreased linearly after application of increasing B doses, as boric acid. Comparing the economic viability of sources and doses of B, the highest profitability is obtained using borax at a rate of 4?kg?ha^?1, which promoting a differential profit of US$534.44 per hectare compared to common beans cropping without B.  相似文献   

Intraspecific variation in growth and allocation patterns in seedlings of Pinus pinaster Ait. submitted to contrasting watering regimes: can water availability explain regional variation?     

David Sánchez-Gómez  Juan Majada  Ricardo Alía  Isabel Feito  Ismael Aranda 《Annals of Forest Science》2010,67(5):505-504

? Interpopulation variation in key functional traits of Pinus pinaster Ait. is well recognized. However, the relative importance of drought tolerance to explain this regional variation in the species remains elusive.

? Here, we raise the question whether water availability constitutes a likely driver of regional variation in biomass allocation, growth and morphological traits of ten populations that cover the distribution range of P. pinaster. We carried out an experiment where seedlings of five families per population were submitted to two contrasting watering treatments.

? The effects of water availability and population were significant for relative diameter and height growth rate, biomass allocation and number of lateral stems and dwarf shoots. Total dry mass significantly differed between watering treatments but it did not among populations. Populations could be clustered into four main groups. Root mass fraction explained most of the variation and significantly correlated to altitude but not to aridity.

? The geographical pattern of genetic variation found in morphology and biomass allocation did not translate into population differences in drought tolerance or phenotypic plasticity to water availability, indicating that water availability is not a likely driver of the regional variation observed in the studied traits of P. pinaster at the seedling stage.

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A Web-based system for vineyards management, relating inventory data, vectors and images     

Dante Augusto Blauth  Jorge Ricardo Ducati 《Computers and Electronics in Agriculture》2010,71(2):182-188

A Web-based system is presented, integrating spatial information from remote sensing images, GPS measurements and inventory data. Monitoring, research and management of the grape production at Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil (624,000 metric tons in 2006) can be done through a system entirely based in open-source codes. Information from three different sources are integrated: Information on production comes from the State’s Viticultural Inventory, detailing the regional yearly grape production; positional information comes from field GPS measurements of vine parcels and the system’s capabilities of making maps; imagery information comes from aerial or satellite images. Further capabilities on image classification leads to the identification of vine areas; this allows crossing this data with information provided by owners. This system allows both the monitoring of grape production for administrative purposes and investigations either on regional land and soil cover, or in other applications derived from image classification. The system concept can be readily extended to other applications in land use monitoring.  相似文献   

Bacillary angiomatosis in an immunosuppressed dog     

Julie A. Yager  Susan J. Best  Ricardo G. Maggi  Mrudula Varanat  Nadine Znajda  Edward B. Breitschwerdt 《Veterinary dermatology》2010,21(4):420-428

A dog being treated with immunosuppressive doses of prednisone and azathioprine for pancytopenia of unknown origin, developed, over a 2‐week period, multiple erythematous nodular lesions in the skin including footpads. Skin samples revealed lesions identical to those of human bacillary angiomatosis (BA). The nodules were composed of multifocal proliferations of capillaries, each lined by protuberant endothelial cells. The capillary clusters were separated by an oedematous connective tissue, lightly infiltrated with degenerate inflammatory cells, including neutrophils and macrophages. Tissue sections stained with Warthin–Starry silver stain revealed large numbers of positively stained bacilli in the stromal tissue, most heavily concentrated around the proliferating capillaries. Lesions of vascular degeneration and inflammation were evident. Bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii genotype 1 was independently amplified and sequenced from the blood and the skin tissue. The pathognomonic nature of the histological lesions, demonstration of compatible silver‐stained bacilli in the tissue, and identification of B. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii in the blood and tissue indicates that this is most likely the aetiologic agent responsible for the lesions. Antibiotic therapy was successful in resolving the nodules. It would appear that B. vinsonii subsp berkhoffii, like Bartonella henselae and Bartonella quintana, has the rare ability to induce angioproliferative lesions, most likely in association with immunosuppression. The demonstration of lesions identical to those of human BA in this dog is further evidence that the full range of clinical manifestations of human Bartonella infection occurs also in canines.  相似文献   

Kinetics and role of antibodies against intimin β in colostrum and in serum from goat kids and longitudinal study of attaching and effacing Escherichia coli in goat kids     

José A. Orden  Ricardo De la Fuente  María Yuste  Susana Martínez-Pulgarín  José A. Ruiz-Santa-Quiteria  Pilar Horcajo  Antonio Contreras  Antonio Sánchez  Juan C. Corrales  Gustavo Domínguez-Bernal 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2010,74(1):54-58

The presence of antibodies to the intimin β-binding region (Int280-β) of attaching and effacing Escherichia coli (AEEC) in serum from 20 goat kids from 2 herds, as well as in goat colostrum, was investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, the onset and subsequent pattern of shedding of AEEC from the same goat kids over a 6-mo period was investigated. All the colostrum and serum samples tested contained antibodies against Int280-β. The association between the antibody titer and the isolation of AEEC suggests that antibodies to intimin β do not prevent colonization of the intestine by AEEC in goat kids. The AEEC were generally shed only transiently. Most AEEC isolated from the kids belonged to serogroup O26. Three isolates belonged to serogroup O157. These data show that goat kids may be a reservoir of AEEC that are potentially pathogenic for humans.  相似文献   

Feline immunodeficiency virus,feline leukemia virus and Bartonella species in stray cats on St Kitts,West Indies     

Patrick J. Kelly  Lenita Moura  Tanya Miller  Jaime Thurk  Nicole Perreault  Adriana Weil  Ricardo Maggio  Helene Lucas  Edward Breitschwerdt 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2010,12(6):447-450

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Apple scab control and activation of plant defence responses using potassium phosphite and chitosan     

Ricardo B. Felipini  José I. Boneti  Yoshinori Katsurayama  Argus C. Rocha Neto  Beatriz Veleirinho  Marcelo Maraschin  Robson M. Di Piero 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2016,145(4):929-939

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Morphological comparison of wild,farmed and hybrid specimens of two South American silversides,Odontesthes bonariensis and Odontesthes hatcheri          下载免费PDF全文

Sonia Alejandra Crichigno  Ricardo Shohei Hattori  Carlos Augusto Strüssmann  Víctor Cussac 《Aquaculture Research》2016,47(6):1797-1808

In this study, body shape of hybrid and presumptive introgressed South American silversides was studied. Body shape of O. bonariensis and O. hatcheri from wild populations and farmed stocks was compared to provide basic information on the effects of fish farming on morphometric parameters. Subsequently, wild presumptive introgressed individuals and artificially hybridized farmed individuals were morphologically analysed to assess the effects of hybridization on the same parameters. Most farmed purebred individuals were shorter and higher than their wild counterparts, which is probably due to the favourable growth conditions compared to the wild habitat. However, the results evidenced that purebred individuals were more slender than both hybrid (farmed) fish and introgressed (wild) fish. Further studies on the growth performance of hybrid Odontesthes will be required in order to assess whether the combination of hybridization and sterilization could produce, under farming conditions, growth performances which satisfy the requirements of aquaculture.  相似文献   

Weed Research in the Central Laboratory of Plant Protection in Cuba     

Ricardo Labrada 《国际虫害防治杂志》2013,59(4):441-442

THEORY AND PRACTICE OF WEED CONTROL. R. J. Stephens. Science in Horticulture Series. Macmillan, London, 1982. ISBN 0 333 21294 0. Pp.215. Price (paperback) £8.95.

OIL PALM DISEASES AND DISORDERS. P. D. Turner. Oxford University Press, Selangor, Malaysia, 1981. ISBN 0 19 580468 6. Pp. 280.

MAJOR WEEDS OF RICE IN SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST ASIA. K. Moody. International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines, 1981. Pp. 79.

BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF WEEDS ‐ A WORLD CATALOGUE OF AGENTS AND THEIR TARGET WEEDS. Edited by M. H. Julien. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Farnham Royal, UK, 1982. ISBN 0 85198 494 0. Pp 108. Price £8.

COMPENDIUM OF SOYBEAN DISEASES. Second Edition. Edited by J. B. Sinclair. Amercian Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, Minnesota, 1982. Pp. 104. Price US $12.00.

FIELD WORKER EXPOSURE DURING PESTICIDE APPLICATION. Edited by W. F. Tordoir and E. A. H. van Heemstra. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1980. ISBN 0 444 41879 2. Pp. 208. Price US $45.00.

EDUCATION AND SAFE HANDLING IN PESTICIDE APPLICATION. Edited by E. A. H. van Heemstra and W. F. Tordoir. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1982. ISBN 0 444 42041 X. Pp. 302. Price US $69.75.

LES PRINCIPAUX ENNEMIS DES CULTURES MARAICHERES AU SENEGAL E. F. Collingwood, L. Bourdouxhe and M. Defrancq. Centre pour le Developpement de ('Horticulture, Dakar, 1982.  相似文献