Synaptic theory of working memory     

Mongillo G  Barak O  Tsodyks M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,319(5869):1543-1546

It is usually assumed that enhanced spiking activity in the form of persistent reverberation for several seconds is the neural correlate of working memory. Here, we propose that working memory is sustained by calcium-mediated synaptic facilitation in the recurrent connections of neocortical networks. In this account, the presynaptic residual calcium is used as a buffer that is loaded, refreshed, and read out by spiking activity. Because of the long time constants of calcium kinetics, the refresh rate can be low, resulting in a mechanism that is metabolically efficient and robust. The duration and stability of working memory can be regulated by modulating the spontaneous activity in the network.  相似文献   

Spectral light-reflection data dimensionality reduction for timely detection of yellow rust     

Aharoni  Ran  Klymiuk  Valentyna  Sarusi  Benny  Young  Sierra  Fahima  Tzion  Fishbain  Barak  Kendler  Shai 《Precision Agriculture》2021,22(1):267-286

Precision Agriculture - Yellow rust (YR) wheat disease is one of the major threats to worldwide wheat production, and it often spreads rapidly to new and unexpected geographic locations. To cope...  相似文献   

Expression analysis of defense-related genes in wild kiwifruit (Actinidia rufa) tolerant to bacterial canker     

Kaji  Ryoma  Yariuchi  Rina  Fujii  Yumi  Taniguchi  Shiduku  Uji  Yuya  Suzuki  Go  Kashihara  Keita  Kisaki  Gan  Suezawa  Katsuhiko  Ohtani  Mamoru  Kataoka  Ikuo  Akimitsu  Kazuya  Gomi  Kenji 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2021,87(6):361-365

Journal of General Plant Pathology - Kiwifruit bacterial canker, which is caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae biovar 3 (Psa3), is found throughout kiwifruit-growing countries. Here, we...  相似文献   

基于半导体压阻传感器的脉搏信号采集系统   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

苏日娜  宋蜇存 《东北林业大学学报》2009,37(6)

介绍了关于人体脉搏信号采集装置的研究与设计方法.采用半导体压阻传感器对脉搏信号进行采集,其灵敏度、精度高,动态响应快,能够有效地提高脉搏信号的测量精度.  相似文献   

Influence of management protocols on carp growth under nursery conditions: relative importance of food and water quality     

Rina Chakrabarti  Jai Gopal Sharma 《Aquaculture International》1998,6(4):293-301

Twenty outdoor holding tanks (10 m–3 each), were filled with ground water and grouped into five feeding schemes: live zooplankton cultured outside the fish growing tank (LFS); direct nursery pond fertilization schedule in static (MS) as well as in exchanged water (EMS); intermediate conditions between the LFS and MS (IS); and supplementary food system using mixture (1:1) of finely ground mustard oilcake and boiled rice (SFS). Two hundred common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fry were introduced into each of the twenty outdoor tanks maintained at ambient temperature outside the laboratory. After 90 days of rearing, the fish were harvested and analysed for various growth parameters and food conversion efficiency. The average weight of carp attained in the LFS was significantly higher than that in the other four feeding schemes. The frequency distribution of final body weight of common carp showed the preponderance of large and small fish in the LFS and MS, respectively. Likewise, plankton intake by the carp fry was highest in the LFS. The rate of survival was much higher in the LFS as compared with the rest of the treatments. The water quality remained far better in the former than the latter. © Rapid Science Ltd. 1998  相似文献   

Evidence for the presence of growth-promoting factors in Lombok Turbinaria murayana extract stimulating growth and yield of tomato plants (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.)     

Haji Sunarpi  Rina Kurnianingsih  Mursal Ghazali  Rizka Azzahral Fanani  Anggit L. Sunarwidhi  Sri Widyastuti 《Journal of plant nutrition》2020,43(12):1813-1823

Abstract

Many studies have evidenced the negative effects of synthetic fertilizers toward the environment and also the crop products itself. Hence, the improvement of organic fertilizers is necessary to resolve this problem. Seaweeds or marine macroalgae are considered to be an excellent natural resource in different aspects of agricultural fields. Brown macroalgae Turbinaria murayana (TM) is often found in Indonesian coastal areas with high bioavailability throughout the year. This study evaluated the potentials of TM as biofertilizer in tomato plants (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.). Evaluation of phytohormones present in TM crude extract was conducted with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Macro and micronutrients available in TM crude extract were determined by atomic absorbance spectroscopy (AAS). A concentration of 4% TM crude extract was applied to tomato plants. The vegetative properties of the treated tomatoes were observed such as growth and yield. Current results evidenced the presence of growth-promoting factors (kinetin, gibberellin and ABA) and essential elements (N, P, K, Ca, Fe and Mn) in TM crude extract. Application of 4% TM extract to tomato plants significantly increased vegetative growth compared to untreated plants; plant height, leaf number and branch number, approximately 58.4%, 87.5% and 200%, respectively. Similar results were also found in the response of generative growth. Application of 4% liquid extract significantly improved flower and fruit number compared to control; 53.6% and 125%, respectively. These results suggest that TM crude extract is a potential source for developing organic fertilizers.  相似文献   

Abstracts of papers presented at the 13th conference of the entomological society of Israel     

M. J. Berlinger  M. Teitel  M. J. Berlinger  M. Barak  Sara Leibush-Mordechi  Y. Antignus  Phyllis G. Weintraub  A. R. Horowitz  R. Ausher  S. Steinberg 《Phytoparasitica》1998,26(3):269-272

  相似文献   

Optical metrology methods for mechanical testing of whole bones     

Barak MM  Sharir A  Shahar R 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2009,180(1):7-14

Classical mechanical methods for testing whole bone have been critically assessed in a previous review where their limitations in terms of precision, accuracy and the amount of data yielded were described. This article describes the use of optical metrology methods and their novel adaptation to the study of whole bone response to mechanical load. Such methods overcome many of the limitations of mechanical testing: they do not require contact with the tested sample, are non-destructive, can be conducted on wet samples, and results comprise deformation maps of entire surfaces. The concepts upon which each method is based are reviewed, and examples of their use in biomechanical studies of bone are presented. Potential future applications that are expected to make significant contributions to the understanding of whole bone mechanics are outlined.  相似文献   

Anatomical changes in the cell-wall structure of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit as caused by the decay fungi Trametes versicolor and Trametes hirsuta     

Isha M Bhatt  Pramod S  Rina D Koyani 《Southern Forests》2015,77(4):297-303

The structural changes in the cell wall and delignification pattern caused by Trametes versicolor and Trametes hirsuta in the sap wood of Leucaena leucocephala were examined by light and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The in vitro decay test was conducted for 12 weeks. Both species of Trametes used in this study caused anatomical characteristics specific to simultaneous white rot. Formation of boreholes, erosion troughs, erosion channels with U-shaped notches in tangential sections and thinning of cell walls were evident in the wood inoculated with each of the fungal species. Cell separation due to removal of middle lamellae occurred at the early stages of infection (30 d) with T. versicolor. In contrast, middle lamellae remained intact in wood inoculated with T. hirsuta and showed cell separation due to degradation of the outer layer of the secondary wall and degradation of the middle lamellae observed only in severely decayed wood at late stages. Confocal microscopy revealed the delignification pattern particularly from cell corners and vessel walls at an advanced stage of decay, indicating strong ligninolytic activity of both species in the sapwood of L. leucocephala.  相似文献   

Parasitism of sclerotia of Sclerotium rolfsii by trichoderma harzianum     

Y. Elad  Rina Barak  I. Chet 《Soil biology & biochemistry》1984,16(4):381-386

The ability of Trichoderma harzianum isolate 203 to attack the soil-borne plant pathogen Sclerotium rolfsii is apparently connected with the production by the isolates of chitinase and β-(1,3)-glucanase inside the attacked sclerotia during parasitism.SEM and TEM micrographs show that the mycoparasite degraded walls of sclerotial cells and the attacked cells lost their cytoplasmic contents. It is assumed that T. harzianum utilizes sclerotial cell contents thus enabling it to sporulate intensively on the sclerotial surface and inside the digested cells.  相似文献