Effects of dietary supplementation with probiotic live yeast Debaryomyces hansenii on the immune and antioxidant systems of leopard grouper Mycteroperca rosacea infected with Aeromonas hydrophila     

Martha Reyes‐Becerril  Dariel Tovar‐Ramírez  Felipe Ascencio‐Valle  Roberto Civera‐Cerecedo  Vicente Gracia‐López  Valérie Barbosa‐Solomieu  María Ángeles Esteban 《Aquaculture Research》2011,42(11):1676-1686

Two trials were conducted to determine the efficacy of fish fed live yeast Debaryomyces hansenii strain CBS 8339 on immune and antioxidant systems in leopard grouper Mycteroperca rosacea infected with Aeromonas hydrophila. Juveniles (12±0.5 g) were fed with a control diet or a D. hansenii‐supplemented diet (10⁶ colony‐forming units per gram) for 5 weeks. The live weight of fish was registered on a weekly basis. After 4 weeks, fish from each treatment were immunocompromised with pathogenic A. hydrophila and further fed for 1 week in order to evaluate the effect on immunological and antioxidant parameters. Generally, the results showed enhanced growth performance in fish fed the diet containing yeast compared with the control. Addition of live yeast had no significant effect on the immunological parameters after 4 weeks of feeding. However, post infection with A. hydrophila fish fed the yeast‐supplemented diet resulted in a significant increase in the levels of plasmatic immunoglobulin M. Superoxide dismutase and catalase (CAT) activities were significantly higher in the yeast group. In this fish, CAT and heat shock protein 70 genes were up‐regulated before and after infection of A. hydrophila. The present study is the first one reporting that yeast (D. hansenii) can enhance immunity and resistance against A. hydrophila.  相似文献   

Does full protection count for the maintenance of β‐diversity patterns in marine communities? Evidence from Mediterranean fish assemblages          下载免费PDF全文

Luca Appolloni  Stanislao Bevilacqua  Luisa Sbrescia  Roberto Sandulli  Antonio Terlizzi  Giovanni Fulvio Russo 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2017,27(4):828-838

Effects of photoperiod on survival and growth of the marine pejerrey Odontesthes argentinensis larvae     

Luciano Siqueira Freitas  Ricardo Vieira Rodrigues  Marcelo Hideo Okamoto  Luiz Roberto Louzada  & Luís André Sampaio 《Aquaculture Research》2009,40(2):252-255

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Sea turtle strandings reveal high anthropogenic mortality in Italian waters     

Paolo Casale  Marco Affronte  Gianni Insacco  Daniela Freggi  Carola Vallini  Paola Pino d'Astore  Roberto Basso  Giuseppe Paolillo  Graziana Abbate  Roberto Argano 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2010,20(6):611-620

• 1. Spatio‐temporal distribution and anthropogenic mortality factors were investigated in loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) found stranded or floating in the waters around Italy. A total of 5938 records for the period 1980–2008 were analysed concerning loggerhead turtles measuring from 3.8 to 97 cm curved carapace length (mean: 48.3 cm).
• 2. Results highlighted the following conservation issues: (i) in the study area, anthropogenic mortality is higher than natural mortality; (ii) interaction with fisheries is by far the most important anthropogenic mortality factor; (iii) longlines are an important mortality factor in the southern areas; (iv) trawlers are the cause of high numbers of dead strandings in the north Adriatic; (v) entanglement in ghost‐gear or in other anthropogenic debris affects high numbers of turtles; and (vi) boat strikes are an important source of mortality in most areas but mostly in the warm seasons.
• 3. Results also indicate that: (vii) the north Adriatic is the area with the highest turtle density; and (viii) the south Adriatic and to a lesser extent the surrounding areas of the north Adriatic and the Ionian, are important developmental areas for loggerhead turtles in the first years of life.
• 4. Italy is in the centre of the Mediterranean Sea and borders major foraging areas for the loggerhead turtles in the region, and these results confirm previous concerns about the level of anthropogenic mortality in Italian waters. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Early stages of Margaritifera margaritifera glochidiosis in Atlantic salmon: Morphopathological characterization     

Pedro A. Castrillo  Catuxa Varela-Dopico  Paz Ondina  María Isabel Quiroga  Roberto Bermúdez 《Journal of fish diseases》2020,43(1):69-80

Freshwater mussels of the order Unionida encyst into the fish mucosa to metamorphose and complete their life cycle, causing a parasitic disease known as glochidiosis. This parasitic stage represents a bottleneck for the survival of naiads, particularly for critically endangered species as Margaritifera margaritifera; however, little is known about the events occurring during this critical stage. Therefore, this study aimed to histologically characterize the development of M. margaritifera glochidiosis in Atlantic salmon to get insight into the pathogenesis of this interaction. Fish exposed to glochidia were sampled during the first 44 days post-exposure, and organs were observed by stereomicroscopy and light microscopy. Glochidia attached to the gills by pinching the lamellar epithelium, whereupon an acute proliferative branchitis engulfed most of the larvae. However, during the first 14 days, a severe detachment of unviable glochidia occurred, associated with the presence of pleomorphic inflammatory infiltrate and epithelial degeneration. In the cases where larvae remained attached, a chronification of the lesions with none to scarce inflammation was observed. These results provide key information to better understand the complex host–parasite interaction during the early stages of glochidiosis and provide valuable information to optimize artificial rearing of naiads in conservation of threatened freshwater mussel populations.  相似文献   

Shedding light on the migratory patterns of the Amazonian goliath catfish,Brachyplatystoma platynemum,using otolith 87Sr/86Sr analyses     

Marília Hauser  Carolina R.C. Doria  Roberto V. Santos  Aurea García‐Vasquez  Marc Pouilly  Christophe Pcheyran  Emmanuel Ponzevera  Gislene Torrente‐Vilara  Sylvain Brail  Jacques Panfili  Audrey Darnaude  Jean‐Franois Renno  Carmen García‐Dvila  Jesus Nuez  Franck Ferraton  Gladys Vargas  Fabrice Duponchelle 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2019,29(3):397-408

Isolation of Wheat Puroindoline‐b from Flour by Preparative Acid Electrophoresis     

Luciano Galleschi  Marta Ingrosso  Silvia Ghiringhelli  Lucia Calucci  Roberto Lorenzi 《Cereal Chemistry》2003,80(1):99-101

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Thermal comfort indices assessed in integrated production systems in the Brazilian savannah     

Caroline Carvalho de Oliveira  Fabiana Villa Alves  Roberto Giolo de Almeida  Érick Lemes Gamarra  Severino Delmar Junqueira Villela  Paulo Gustavo Macedo de Almeida Martins 《Agroforestry Systems》2018,92(6):1659-1672

The objective was to evaluate the animal thermal comfort indices from two integrated crop-livestock-forestry (ICLF) systems. For this, temperature–humidity index (THI), black globe temperature and humidity index (BGHI), and the radiant thermal load (RTL) were assessed. Two ICLF (ICLF-1 and ICLF-2) systems and one control system were established. On the ICLF systems, the arboreal component was the eucalyptus tree (Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla; H13 clone), planted in simple wide-spaced rows. The ICLF-1 system had a tree spacing of 14 × 2 m with 357 trees per hectare, and the ICLF-2 had a tree spacing of 22 × 2 m with 227 trees per hectare. The control system had five scattered native trees per hectare, pertaining to Gochnatia and Dipteryx species. The forage component in all three systems was piatã-grass (Brachiaria brizantha cv. BRS Piatã). The experimental design was a randomized block in a sub-subplot design scheme with four replications. The presence of shade provided by the trees offered better conditions of animal comfort when compared with the condition of full sun. The ICLF-1 system, with higher tree density, provided better indicators for thermal comfort, THI, BGHI, and RTL when compared with the condition of full sun, while ICLF-2 was no different than ICLF-1 for BGHI.  相似文献   

First description of a natural infection with spleen and kidney necrosis virus in zebrafish          下载免费PDF全文

Roberto Bermúdez  Ana Paula Losada  Ana Manuela de Azevedo  Jorge Guerra‐Varela  David Pérez‐Fernández  Laura Sánchez  Francesc Padrós  Barbara Nowak  María Isabel Quiroga 《Journal of fish diseases》2018,41(8):1283-1294

Zebrafish has become a popular research model in the last years, and several diseases affecting zebrafish research facilities have been reported. However, only one case of naturally occurring viral infections was described for this species. In 2015, infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) was detected in zebrafish from a research facility in Spain. Affected fish showed lethargy, loss of appetite, abnormal swimming, distention of the coelomic cavity and, in the most severe cases, respiratory distress, pale gills and petechial haemorrhages at the base of fins. Cytomegaly was the most relevant histopathological finding in organs and tissues, sometimes associated to degenerative and necrotic changes. ISKNV belongs to the relatively newly defined genus Megalocytivirus, family Iridoviridae, comprising large, icosahedral cytoplasmic DNA viruses. This is the first case of naturally occurring Megalocytivirus infection in zebrafish research facilities, associated with morbidity. The virus has been identified based on both pathologic and genetic evidence, to better understand the pathogenesis of the infection in zebrafish and the phylogenetic relationship with other iridoviruses. Given the ability of megalocytiviruses to cross‐species boundaries, it seems necessary to implement stringent biosecurity practices as these infections may invalidate experimental data and have major impact on laboratory and cultured fish.  相似文献   

Simple estimation of available water capacity in soils of semiarid and subhumid environments     

Josefina Luisa De Paepe  Alfredo Angel Bono  Roberto Alvarez 《Arid Land Research and Management》2018,32(2):133-148

Soil available water capacity (AWC) is an important factor affecting soil productivity in semiarid and subhumid environments and is mainly determined by the soil textural composition. As the soils of these environments usually present fairly uniform textures across depth, we hypothesized that it would be possible to accurately estimate the whole-profile AWC using surface information. Our objective was to test this hypothesis in the Argentine Semiarid Pampas. Information was collected from 152 sites where AWC was measured in 20?cm layers up to a depth of 140?cm or up to the upper limit of the petrocalcic horizon, when present. In each case, whole profile AWC was estimated using a one-step and a two-step approach, comparing multiple regression and artificial neural networks as modeling techniques. Both modeling methods were effective (R²?>?0.76, P?相似文献