Intestinal Adenoma in a Hog     

Irvin W. Moynihan  Ronald Gwatkin 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1941,5(6):167-169

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Optimization of the trienzyme extraction for the microbiological assay of folate in vegetables     

Chen L  Eitenmiller RR 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(10):3884-3888

Response surface methodology was applied to optimize the trienzyme digestion for the extraction of folate from vegetables. Trienzyme extraction is a combined enzymatic digestion by protease, alpha-amylase, and conjugase (gamma-glutamyl hydrolase) to liberate the carbohydrate and protein-bound folates from food matrices for total folate analysis. It is the extraction method used in AOAC Official Method 2004.05 for assay of total folate in cereal grain products. Certified reference material (CRM) 485 mixed vegetables was used to represent the matrix of vegetables. Regression and ridge analysis were performed by statistical analysis software. The predicted second-order polynomial model was adequate (R2 = 0.947), without significant lack of fit (p > 0.1). Both protease and alpha-amylase have significant effects on the extraction. Ridge analysis gave an optimum trienzyme digestion time: Pronase, 1.5 h; alpha-amylase, 1.5 h; and conjugase, 3 h. The experimental value for CRM 485 under this optimum digestion was close to the predicted value from the model, confirming the validity and adequacy of the model. The optimized trienzyme digestion condition was applied to five vegetables and yielded higher folate levels than the trienzyme digestion parameters employed in AOAC Official Method 2004.05.  相似文献   

Pineapple juice and its fractions in enzymatic browning inhibition of banana [Musa (AAA group) Gros Michel     

Chaisakdanugull C  Theerakulkait C  Wrolstad RE 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(10):4252-4257

The effectiveness of pineapple juice in enzymatic browning inhibition was evaluated on the cut surface of banana slices. After storage of banana slices at 15 degrees C for 3 days, pineapple juice showed browning inhibition to a similar extent as 8 mM ascorbic acid but less than 4 mM sodium metabisulfite. Fractionation of pineapple juice by a solid-phase C18 cartridge revealed that the directly eluted fraction (DE fraction) inhibited banana polyphenol oxidase (PPO) about 100% when compared to the control. The DE fraction also showed more inhibitory effect than 8 mM ascorbic acid in enzymatic browning inhibition of banana puree during storage at 5 degrees C for 24 h. Further identification of the DE fraction by fractionation with ion exchange chromatography and confirmation using model systems indicated that malic acid and citric acid play an important role in the enzymatic browning inhibition of banana PPO.  相似文献   

Plasma micronutrients are associated with dietary intake and environmental tobacco smoke exposure in a paediatric population     

Brady H  Lamb MM  Sokol RJ  Ross CA  Seifert JA  Rewers MJ  Norris JM 《Public health nutrition》2007,10(7):712-718

BACKGROUND: While adult populations have been well described in terms of nutritional status, such as the concentration of nutrient biomarkers, little work has been done in healthy paediatric populations. OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this analysis was to explore the determinants of plasma micronutrients in a group of healthy infants and children. DESIGN: The Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY) has enrolled 1433 newborns at increased risk for type 1 diabetes in Denver, Colorado. A representative random sample of 257 children from the DAISY cohort between the ages of 9 months and 8 years with a total of 815 clinic visits over time was used in this analysis. Annual dietary intake was assessed over time with Willett food-frequency questionnaires that were validated in this population. Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) was assessed using a validated survey. Plasma samples were tested for vitamins, carotenoids and total lipids. Predictors of plasma micronutrients were evaluated using mixed models for longitudinal data, while adjusting for age, human leukocyte antigen genotype, type 1 diabetes family history and other potential confounders and covariates. RESULTS: Increased micronutrient intake was associated with increased levels of their respective plasma nutrient, with the exception of gamma-tocopherol. Independent of dietary intake, levels of alpha- and beta-carotene and beta-cryptoxanthin were significantly lower, and gamma-tocopherol was significantly higher, in children who were exposed to ETS. CONCLUSION: Dietary intake predicts plasma micronutrient levels. Exposure to ETS potentially could have negative health effects in this young population.  相似文献   

Schwabe symposium 2007 on field disease investigation and population health-a symposium honoring the legacy of Dr. Clive C. Gay, Professor Emeritus from Washington State University     

Smith RD 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2009,88(2):83

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Zoo and Wildlife Immobilization and Anesthesia     

Ronald Jones 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2009,36(2):186-186

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Tectona grandis canopy cover predicted by remote sensing     

Santos  Isabel Carolina de Lima  dos Santos  Alexandre  Costa  Jerffersoney Garcia  Rosa  Anderson Melo  Zanuncio  Antonio José Vinha  Zanetti  Ronald  Oumar  Zakariyyaa  Zanuncio  José Cola 《Precision Agriculture》2021,22(3):647-659

The phytosanitary status of Tectona grandis plantations are monitored conventionally with periodic data collection in the field, which is often costly and has low efficiency. The objective of this research was to develop a methodology to predict the canopy cover of T. grandis plantations using multispectral images of the Sentinel-2 (S2) satellite and photographic imagery. The study was carried out in a T. grandis plantation of seminal origin, in Cáceres, Mato Grosso state, Brazil. Hemispherical photographic (HP) images of the plant canopy were obtained with a digital camera coupled to a “fisheye” lens fixed at 1.3 m high at two dates in the rainy and the dry season. Cloudless and no shadow images of the S2 satellite bands were concurrently obtained with the field images. Multivariate permutative analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) and partial least squares regression (PLSR) were used to predict canopy cover percentage. The accuracy of the predicted T. grandis canopy cover (%) by the PLSR model approach was 77.8?±?0.09%. The results indicate that a PLS model calibrated with 28 HP sample images can accurately estimate the percentage canopy cover for a continuous area of T. grandis plantations and facilitate mapping of canopy heterogeneity to monitor threats of diseases, mortality, fires, pests and other disturbances.

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Biophysics. Going with the flow     

Larson RG 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,318(5847):57-58

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Suppression of ovarian follicle activation in mice by the transcription factor Foxo3a   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Castrillon DH  Miao L  Kollipara R  Horner JW  DePinho RA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,301(5630):215-218

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Free-drifting icebergs: hot spots of chemical and biological enrichment in the Weddell Sea     

Smith KL  Robison BH  Helly JJ  Kaufmann RS  Ruhl HA  Shaw TJ  Twining BS  Vernet M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,317(5837):478-482

The proliferation of icebergs from Antarctica over the past decade has raised questions about their potential impact on the surrounding pelagic ecosystem. Two free-drifting icebergs, 0.1 and 30.8 square kilometers in aerial surface area, and the surrounding waters were sampled in the northwest Weddell Sea during austral spring 2005. There was substantial enrichment of terrigenous material, and there were high concentrations of chlorophyll, krill, and seabirds surrounding each iceberg, extending out to a radial distance of approximately 3.7 kilometers. Extrapolating these results to all icebergs in the same size range, with the use of iceberg population estimates from satellite surveys, indicates that they similarly affect 39% of the surface ocean in this region. These results suggest that free-drifting icebergs can substantially affect the pelagic ecosystem of the Southern Ocean and can serve as areas of enhanced production and sequestration of organic carbon to the deep sea.  相似文献