Biofilms of Candida spp. from the ocular conjunctiva of horses with reduced azole susceptibility: a complicating factor for the treatment of keratomycosis?          下载免费PDF全文

Raimunda Sâmia Nogueira Brilhante  Paula Vago Bittencourt  Débora de Souza Collares Castelo‐Branco  Glaucia Morgana de Melo Guedes  Jonathas Sales de Oliveira  Lucas Pereira Alencar  Rossana de Aguiar Cordeiro  Mariana Pinheiro  Evilázio Fernandes Nogueira‐Filho  Waldemiro de Aquino Pereira‐Neto  José Júlio Costa Sidrim  Marcos Fábio Gadelha Rocha 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2017,20(6):539-546

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The influence of Ringer's lactate or HES 130/0.4 administration on the integrity of the small intestinal mucosa in a pig hemorrhagic shock model under general anesthesia          下载免费PDF全文

Ana Liza Ortiz DVM  PhD  Helena Vala DVM  PhD  Carlos Venâncio DVM  PhD  João Mesquita DVM  PhD  Aura Silva DVM  PhD  Jose Manuel Gonzalo‐Orden DVM  PhD  David Ferreira DVM  PhD 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2017,27(1):96-107

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Detection of Leishmania (L.) infantum in stray dogs by molecular techniques with sensitive species-specific primers     

Rodrigo C. Silva  Virgínia B. Richini-Pereira  Mariana Kikuti  Pâmela M. Marson 《The Veterinary quarterly》2017,37(1):23-30

Background: Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is a worldwide parasitic zoonosis caused by Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum around the world. Canids are the definitive hosts and sand flies the intermediate hosts.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that a new species-specific primers (Lch14:Lch15, targeting a multiple alignment for L. infantum kDNA minicircle) is an efficient diagnostic tool for L. infantum.

Methods: The presence of L. infantum DNA was assessed in blood samples of 69 stray dogs using the conventional PCR (cPCR) and quantitative PCR (qPCR). Additional 50 lymph nodes and 50 bone marrow samples (positive and negative samples for parasitological tests) from dogs from endemic and nonendemic areas for CVL were also used.

Results: L. infantum strains, and all positive lymph node and bone marrow samples for parasitological test gave positive results for cPCR and qPCR, presenting analytical sensitivity of ～10⁰ parasite mL^?1. For the blood samples, 40/69 (58%; CI 95%; 46%–69%) resulted positive for L. infantum in both tests. All positive samples were confirmed by sequencing.

Conclusion: This study showed the importance of the specific detection of L. infantum based on species-specific primers by molecular techniques, highlighting the application as a confirmation method in epidemiological studies and to adopt the best control measures.  相似文献   

Differential expression of defence-related proteins in Vigna unguiculata (L. Walp.) seedlings after infection with Fusarium oxysporum     

Felipe A. Vieira  André O. Carvalho  Ângela P. Vitória  Claudio A. Retamal  Valdirene M. Gomes 《Crop Protection》2010

This work aimed to study the induction of defence proteins in cowpea seedlings during the first days after infection with the fungi Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubenses and F. oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli. Cowpea seeds, after disinfection, were transferred to Petri dishes containing 0.5% agar and, after germination, were infected with a drop of a suspension containing 0.5 × 10⁴ spores ml⁻¹. Seedlings were collected at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h after infection and were dissected into leaves, hypocotyls, roots, cotyledons and teguments, which were measured and weighed for morphometric analysis. The agar medium was also analyzed. Enzymatic assays of proteic extracts yielded antimicrobial peptides detected by Western blotting. The cowpea seedlings showed a complex pattern of induction and repression of defence proteins in response to infection by both pathogens. Furthermore, morphometric analysis showed differences between infected and control seedlings. Infected samples did not at any time exhibit chitinase activity, but did exhibit different β-1,3-glucanase and peroxidase activities. Western blotting for lipid transfer protein (LTP) demonstrated its presence in all parts of the infected seedlings. Exuded proteins, also obtained from cowpea seeds in the germination medium, were separated by SDS-PAGE and tricine gel electrophoresis. The analysis showed that some proteins were exuded from moistened cowpea seeds, particularly after F. oxysporum infection.  相似文献   

Tree effects on the chemical topsoil features of oak, beech and pine forests     

Elena Marcos  Leonor Calvo  José Antonio Marcos  Ángela Taboada  Reyes Tárrega 《European Journal of Forest Research》2010,129(1):25-30

We aimed to study tree effects on the chemical properties of forest soils. We compared soil features of three types of forest ecosystems, each with four stands (replicates): beech forests (Fagus sylvatica), oak forests (dominated by Quercus pyrenaica) and pine plantations (Pinus sylvestris). Five samples from the top 10 cm of soil were taken per stand, from which pH, organic matter content (O.M.), total nitrogen (N) and available calcium (Ca²⁺), magnesium (Mg²⁺), potassium (K⁺) and sodium (Na⁺) were determined. Litter layer depth was measured at each soil sampling point. We also measured tree density and crown diameters at each stand. Our results indicated that soil samples from the four pine plantation stands were more similar while oak and beech stands were characterised by great variability in terms of soil properties and leaf litter depth. Although the identity of the dominant tree species significantly influenced several topsoil chemical properties (increase in pH and available cations in oak forests and higher organic matter and total nitrogen in beech and pine ecosystems), there were other important factors affecting soil features that may be taken under consideration. Differences between soil properties of the three types of forest ecosystems were mainly related to the characteristics of the litter layer and less related to the tree layer structure. Finally, the establishment of pine plantations in naturally deciduous tree areas made the topsoil features more homogeneous.  相似文献   

Intraspecific variation in 16S rRNA gene of Mycoplasma synoviae determined by DNA sequencing     

Buim MR  Buzinhani M  Yamaguti M  Oliveira RC  Mettifogo E  Timenetsky J  Ferreira AJ 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2010,33(1):15-23

Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) is an important avian pathogen may cause both respiratory disease and joint inflammation synovitis in poultry, causing economic losses to the Brazilian poultry industry. The genotypic variation in 16S rRNA gene is unknown. Partial sequences of 16S rRNA gene of 19 strains of M. synoviae were sequenced and analyzed in order to obtain molecular characterization and evaluation of the genetic variability of strains from distinct Brazilian areas of poultry production. Different polymorphic patterns were observed. The number of polymorphic alterations in the studied strains ranged from 0 to 6. The nucleotide variations, including deletion, insertion and substitutions, ranged from 3 to 5. The genotypic diversity observed in this study may be explained by spontaneous mutations that may occur when a lineage remains in the same flock for long periods. The culling and reposition in poultry flocks may be responsible for the entry of new strains in different areas.  相似文献   

Chronic toxicity of fenoxycarb to the midge Chironomus riparius after exposure in sediments of different composition     

Dirk Jungmann  Cornelia Bandow  Thomas Gildemeister  Roland Nagel  Thomas G. Preuss  Hans T. Ratte  Cândida Shinn  Lennart Weltje  Hanna M. Maes 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2009,9(2):94-102

Background, aim, and scope  

Fenoxycarb is an insect growth regulator widely used to control a variety of pests. As a juvenile hormone analogue, it interacts with the natural hormones involved in insect development, inhibiting metamorphosis to the adult stage. Adverse effects of fenoxycarb on non-target organisms have been repeatedly observed and its rapid dissipation from water to the organic fraction of the sediment is known. The aim of this work was to investigate the impact of fenoxycarb on the development of sediment-dwelling larvae of the midge Chironomus riparius after exposure to spiked sediment.  相似文献   

Predicting soil N mineralization using organic matter fractions and soil properties: A re-analysis of literature data     

Gerard H. Ros 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2012

Extractable organic matter (EOM) fractions have been used to assess the capacity of soils to supply nitrogen (N), but their role in N mineralization and their potential to improve agricultural fertilizer management are still under debate. This paper shows evidence that the relationship between EOM and soil N supply is an indirect relationship reflecting the soils' organic matter content. Data from 59 published experiments were re-analyzed using multivariate PLS modelling. Nitrogen mineralization was primarily related to the size of total and extractable organic matter fractions whereas variables reflecting soil texture and organic matter quality were less important. All EOM fractions reflected the soil organic matter content of the soil rather than a specific bioavailable fraction. There is strong need for research that explores the biochemical basis for relationships among total organic matter, extractable organic matter and soil N mineralization using mechanistic approaches.  相似文献   

Verte and Romaine lettuce varieties (Lactuca sativa) show differential responses to high NaCl concentrations     

Olfa Baâtour  Jun Huang  Nawel Nasri  Imen Ben Salah  Imen Tarchoun  Maha Zaghdoudi  Margaret Y. Gruber  Mokhtar Lachaâl  Zeineb Ouerghi  Abdelali Hannoufa 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2012,175(4):641-648

In this study, we report on the relationship between individual antioxidant carotenoids, phenolic fractions, and flavonoids and attenuating NaCl toxicity in two contrasting varieties of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L., var. Verte and Romaine), as a means of developing more precise targets for lettuce breeding. In seedling leaves, carotenoid levels increased under NaCl stress in Verte, but remained unchanged in Romaine. Chlorogenic acid (CGA), a soluble polyphenol abundantly present in leaves, was the only phenolic acid that accumulated significantly in both varieties and was predominant under salinity. Remarkably, CGA was more prominent in Verte than Romaine at moderate salinity levels (100 mM). Foliar flavonoid levels were also differentially increased in both seedling types grown under 100 mM NaCl, but dropped significantly in both varieties under 200 mM NaCl. Germination, which was overall more salt‐resistant in Romaine, was significantly increased under salt stress by application of low dosage (10^–6 to10^–5 M) of CGA to Verte, but not to Romaine. These results suggest that CGA is involved in modulating NaCl‐induced oxidative‐stress responses during seed germination in Verte.  相似文献   

Changes in some constituents of pea seed during commercial canning     

Gaspar Ros  Francisco Rincon 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1993,43(3):233-240

Changes in crude protein (CP), non protein nitrogen (NPN), total sulphur (TS) contents, carbon/nitrogen (C/N) and nitrogen/sulphur (N/S) ratios and albumin protein (AP) were studied in four sizes of peas at various stages of the commercial canning process. Of all the parameters considered, NPN, AP, and TS showed the most regular trend to decrease during the commercial canning process. In this paper the use of these three parameters is proposed to obtain a Heat Treatment Index (HTI) applicable to raw, blanched and canned peas, according to the equation: HTI=(NPN×AP)/TS.  相似文献