Virulence factors analysis of native isolates of Xanthomonas albilineans and Xanthomonas sacchari from Tucumán,Argentina, reveals differences in pathogenic strategies     

Natalia Mielnichuk  María I. Bianco  Pablo M. Yaryura  Romina P. Bertani  Laila Toum  Yasmín Daglio  María Antonela Colonnella  Leonardo Lizarraga  Atilio P. Castagnaro  Adrián A. Vojnov 《Plant pathology》2021,70(5):1072-1084

Xanthomonas albilineans (Xa) and X. sacchari (Xs) are both sugarcane pathogens. Xa is the causal agent of leaf scald disease, but there is limited information about the pathogenicity of Xs. The aim of this work was to study virulence factors of native strains of Xa (Xa32, Xa33, and XaM6) and Xs (Xs14 and Xs15) previously isolated from sugarcane with leaf scald symptoms, to gain insight into the biology of each microorganism. We analysed epiphytic survival, sensitivity to oxidative stress, extracellular degradative enzymes, cell motilities, exopolysaccharide (EPS) characteristics, cell adhesion, biofilm development, and control of stomatal regulation of the five strains. We observed that each species presented similar phenotypes for every factor analysed. Xa strains appeared to be more sensitive to oxidative stress and presented lower epiphytic survival than Xs. All strains presented endoglucanase activity; however, we could only detect protease and amylase activities in Xs strains. Swimming and sliding were higher in Xs, but twitching was variable among species. We also observed that only Xs strains produced a xanthan-like EPS, presented a strong cell adhesion, and structured biofilm. We detected some intraspecific variations showing that higher amounts of EPS produced by Xs14 correlated with its higher sliding motility and its homogenous and more adhesive biofilm. In addition, EPSs of Xs14 and Xs15 presented differences in strand height and acetyl percentage. Finally, we found that strains of both species were able to interfere with stomatal aperture mechanism. All these differences could influence the colonization strategies and/or disease progression in each species.  相似文献   

Pool of resistance mechanisms to glyphosate in Digitaria insularis     

de Carvalho LB  Alves PL  González-Torralva F  Cruz-Hipolito HE  Rojano-Delgado AM  De Prado R  Gil-Humanes J  Barro F  de Castro MD 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(2):615-622

Digitaria insularis biotypes resistant to glyphosate have been detected in Brazil. Studies were carried out in controlled conditions to determine the role of absorption, translocation, metabolism, and gene mutation as mechanisms of glyphosate resistance in D. insularis. The susceptible biotype absorbed at least 12% more (14)C-glyphosate up to 48 h after treatment (HAT) than resistant biotypes. High differential (14)C-glyphosate translocation was observed at 12 HAT, so that >70% of the absorbed herbicide remained in the treated leaf in resistant biotypes, whereas 42% remained in the susceptible biotype at 96 HAT. Glyphosate was degraded to aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), glyoxylate, and sarcosine by >90% in resistant biotypes, whereas a small amount of herbicide (up to 11%) was degraded by the susceptible biotype up to 168 HAT. Two amino acid changes were found at positions 182 and 310 in EPSPS, consisting of a proline to threonine and a tyrosine to cysteine substitution, respectively, in resistant biotypes. Therefore, absorption, translocation, metabolism, and gene mutation play an important role in the D. insularis glyphosate resistance.  相似文献   

The Effect of Fasting Duration on Baseline Blood Glucose Concentration,Blood Insulin Concentration,Glucose/Insulin Ratio,Oral Sugar Test,and Insulin Response Test Results in Horses          下载免费PDF全文

F.R. Bertin  S.D. Taylor  A.W. Bianco  J.E. Sojka‐Kritchevsky 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2016,30(5):1726-1731

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Spontaneous Age‐related Changes of Peripheral Nerves in Cattle: Morphological and Biochemical Studies          下载免费PDF全文

E. Biasibetti  D. Bisanzio  S. Mioletti  S. Amedeo  A. Iuliano  P. Bianco  M. T. Capucchio 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2016,45(2):100-108

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Pharmacokinetics of ketorolac tromethamine in horses after intravenous,intramuscular, and oral single‐dose administration          下载免费PDF全文

A. W. Bianco  P. D. Constable  B. R. Cooper  S. D. Taylor 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2016,39(2):167-175

Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are an integral component of equine analgesia, yet currently available NSAIDs are both limited in their analgesic efficacy and have adverse effects. The NSAID ketorolac tromethamine (KT) is widely used in humans as a potent morphine‐sparing analgesic drug but has not been fully evaluated in horses. The purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetic profile of KT in horses after intravenous (i.v.), intramuscular (i.m.), and oral (p.o.) administration. Nine healthy adult horses received a single 0.5‐mg/kg dose of KT via each route of administration. Plasma was collected up to 48 h postadministration and analyzed for KT concentration using HPLC/MS/MS. Noncompartmental analysis of i.v. dosage indicated a mean plasma clearance of 8.4 (mL/min)/kg and an estimated mean volume of distribution at steady‐state of 0.77 L/kg. Noncompartmental analysis of i.v., i.m., and p.o. dosages indicated mean residence times of 2.0, 2.6, and 7.1 h, respectively. The drug was rapidly absorbed after i.m. and p.o. administration, and mean bioavailability was 71% and 57% for i.m. and p.o. administration, respectively. Adverse effects were not observed after i.v., i.m., and p.o. administration. More studies are needed to evaluate the analgesic and anti‐inflammatory properties of KT in horses.  相似文献   

Evaluation of the safety and tolerability of rivaroxaban in dogs with presumed primary immune‐mediated hemolytic anemia          下载免费PDF全文

Alice Morassi DVM  Domenico Bianco DVM  PhD  DACVIM  Reid K. Nakamura DVM  DACVECC  DACVIM  George A. White DVM  DACVECC 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2016,26(4):488-494

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Mutations of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted from chromosome 10 in canine hemangiosarcoma   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Dickerson EB  Thomas R  Fosmire SP  Lamerato-Kozicki AR  Bianco SR  Wojcieszyn JW  Breen M  Helfand SC  Modiano JF 《Veterinary pathology》2005,42(5):618-632

We examined the presence of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted from chromosome 10 (PTEN) abnormalities that could contribute to the origin or progression of naturally occurring canine endothelial tumors (hemangiosarcoma). Our results document somatic point mutations or deletions encompassing the PTEN C-terminal domain in canine hemangiosarcoma that might provide cells a survival advantage within their microenvironment. This represents the first characterization of a naturally occurring, highly metastatic tumor with biologically significant mutations of PTEN in the C-terminal domain.  相似文献   

Reproductive losses due to Neospora caninum in a beef herd in Argentina     

Moore DP  Campero CM  Odeón AC  Chayer R  Bianco MA 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2003,50(6):304-308

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A new monomeric α-amylase inhibitor from the tetraploid emmer wheat is mostly active against stored product pests     

Capocchi  Antonella  Athanassiou  Christos G.  Benelli  Giovanni  Muccilli  Vera  Kavallieratos  Nickolas G.  Cunsolo  Vincenzo  Saletti  Rosaria  Fontanini  Debora 《Journal of pest science》2022,95(3):1401-1412

Journal of Pest Science - The tetraploid domesticated emmer wheat, Triticum turgidum L. subsp. dicoccon, expresses α-amylase protein inhibitors of varying sizes and assemblies, i.e. dimers and...  相似文献   

NsLTP1 and NsLTP2 isoforms in soft wheat (Triticum aestivum Cv. Centauro) and farro (Triticum dicoccon Schrank) bran     

Capocchi A  Fontanini D  Muccilli V  Cunsolo V  Saviozzi F  Saletti R  Lorenzi R  Foti S  Galleschi L 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(20):7976-7984

Isoforms of nonspecific lipid-transfer protein 1 (nsLTP1) and nonspecific lipid-transfer protein 2 (nsLTP2) were investigated in bran tissues isolated from caryopses of two cereal crops quite relevant for the Italian market, the cultivar Centauro of soft wheat (Triticum aestivum) and Italian emmer or farro (Triticum dicoccon Schrank). By sequential separation of the bran extracts on cation-exchange and gel filtration chromatographies, fractions containing only proteins belonging to the nsLTP1 and nsLTP2 classes were obtained. The proteins were roughly identified by SDS-PAGE and by immunoreactions in Western blotting experiments. By MALDI-MS and RP-HPLC/ESI-MS analyses we were able to show the presence of several LTP1 and LTP2 isoforms in the investigated species. Bioinformatic searches based on the determined Mr indicated that (i) two nsLTP1s already identified in T. aestivum have Mr and number of Cys residues identical to that of a 9.6 kDa protein present both in soft wheat cv. Centauro and in farro; (ii) two isoforms of nsLTP2 detected in T. aestivum have the same Mr and number of Cys residues of two 7 kDa proteins found in Centauro; and (iii) a nsLTP1 detected in Ambrosia artemisiifolia has Mr and number of Cys residues coincident to that of a 9.9 kDa protein found both in soft wheat cv. Centauro and in farro.  相似文献