Characteristic of Inflammatory Airway Disease in Japanese Thoroughbred Racehorses     

Kanichi KUSANO  Yuhiro ISHIKAWA  Kazuhiro SEKI  Ryo KUSUNOSE 《Journal of Equine Science》2008,19(2):25-29

Inflammatory airway disease (IAD) is a common cause of poor performance, interruption of training and premature retirement in racehorses. It is also reported that up to 80% of horses are affected at some point in the first years of training in UK and Australia. However, no studies with regard to the information on occurrence of IAD in Japanese Thoroughbred racehorses have been reported. To investigate the occurrence and the characteristics of IAD, epidemic research including endoscopic examination of the airway tract and trachea wash was conducted for Thoroughbred racehorses presenting coughs or poor performance which airway tract disease was suspected stalled in training facility managed by Japan Racing Association. Fifty-six out of 76 Thoroughbred racehorses (73.7%) presenting coughing or poor performance were diagnosed as IAD. Mean incidence rate of IAD was 0.3% and it has been confirmed that constant number of IAD exists in Japan. Up to 35.7% of IAD horses showed upper airway abnormalities in some extent. There was a trend for IAD horses to use wood shavings for bedding and fed hay from the ground compared with the control group. Therefore, improvement of stabling environment may aid in preventing IAD. This study demonstrated that Japanese Thoroughbred racehorses are affected by IAD likewise other countries as well as demonstrated the characteristics of IAD which may contribute to the clarification of the pathogenesis of IAD.  相似文献   

Paired box 7 inhibits differentiation in 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes          下载免费PDF全文

Wakana Izumi  Yuko Takuma  Ryo Ebihara  Wataru Mizunoya  Ryuichi Tatsumi  Mako Nakamura 《Animal Science Journal》2018,89(8):1214-1219

Myogenesis is precisely proceeded by myogenic regulatory factors. Myogenic stem cells are activated, proliferated and fused into a multinuclear myofiber. Pax7, paired box 7, one of the earliest markers during myogenesis. It has been reported that Pax7 regulates the muscle marker genes, Myf5 and MyoD toward differentiation. The possible roles of Pax7 in myogenic cells have been well researched. However, it has not yet been clarified if Pax7 itself is able to induce myogenic fate in nonmyogenic lineage cells. In this study, we performed experiments using stably expressed Pax7 in 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes to elucidate if Pax7 inhibits adipogenesis. We found that Pax7 represses adipogenic markers and prevents differentiation. These cells showed decreased expression of PDGFRα, PPARγ and Fabp4 and inhibited forming lipid droplets.  相似文献   

Arrangement of cortical microtubules in compression wood tracheids of Taxus cuspidata visualized by confocal laser microscopy     

Osamu Furusawa  Ryo Funada  Yutaka Murakami  Jun Ohtani 《Journal of Wood Science》1998,44(3):230-233

Cortical microtubules (MTs) in differentiating compression wood tracheids of Taxus cuspidata stems were visualized by confocal laser microscopy. They were oriented obliquely at an angle of about 45° to the tracheid axis during formation of the secondary wall. Artificial inclination altered the pattern of alignment of MTs. Banding MTs were helically oriented late during the formation of the secondary walls. These results indicate that MTs might control the orientation and localized deposition of cellulose microfibrils in the secondary walls of compression wood tracheids.Part of this report was presented at the 46th annual meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Kumamoto, April 1996  相似文献   

拖拉机在牧草地上自动引导行走的控制   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

陈军  鸟巢谅  朱忠祥 《农业机械学报》2005,36(7):104-107

利用车辆运动学模型,应用最优控制理论,对拖拉机自动引导行走方法进行了研究。利用前馈控制方法生成了车辆自动行走的轨道;通过对车辆运动状态方程的线性化,设计了车辆沿生成的轨道引导行走的负反馈控制器。最后利用该方法在牧草地上进行了实车实验,结果表明:拖拉机在倾斜度小于3°的地面上直线行走时的横向标准偏差小于0.08m。  相似文献   

Postoperative improvement of megaesophagus and esophageal motility in a 19-day-old puppy with gastroesophageal intussusception     

Ryo TAKEUCHI  Satoshi TAKAGI  Kenji HOSOYA  Hiroshi OHTA  Takaharu ITAMI  Masahiro OKUMURA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(11):1740

Canine gastroesophageal intussusception (GEI) is a rare and life-threatening condition that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. A 19-day-old Siberian Husky with a 4-day history of regurgitation was diagnosed with GEI based on the findings of computed tomography (CT) performed without anesthesia. Endoscopic reduction of intussusception was impossible; thus, surgical reduction by traction of the duodenum was performed. CT revealed improvement of megaesophagus 82 days postoperatively. Eleven months postoperatively, fluoroscopy showed recovery to nearly normal esophageal motility. Two years postoperatively, no clinical signs were reported. CT is useful to diagnose GEI in neonate puppies with poor abdominal fat and to assess the gastric edema and the anatomical association of stomach with other organs. Fluoroscopy is helpful for evaluating postoperative esophageal motility.  相似文献   

An improved method for bright-field imaging of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in plant roots     

Yoshihiro Kobae  Ryo Ohtomo 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2016,62(1):27-30

Easy observation methods to assess the colonization levels of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in plant roots are crucial for studying the biology of AM symbiosis and for considering agricultural use. Many AM studies employ Trypan Blue (TB) coupled with lactic acid to stain AM fungal structures as bright-field images; however, TB staining can be difficult to use owing to its noxiousness and high viscosity. Here, we report the development of an easy method for visualizing AM fungal structures as bright-field images using 3,3′-diaminobenzidine (DAB). Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA)-conjugated horseradish peroxidase (HRP), which specifically targets N-acetylglucosamine polymers and detects AM fungal cell walls, penetrated the cortical layers of 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH)-treated soybean roots and stained AM fungal mycelia in the presence of DAB and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). Comparison between DAB and TB staining of soybean (Glycine max L.) roots suggested that the intactness of root systems and image contrast using DAB staining were superior. Background signals in stele observed by DAB staining were negligible as compared with those observed by WGA-fluorescein isothiocyanate staining. DAB staining, which combines the advantages of TB (easy bright-field imaging) and WGA-fluorophore (specific and high-quality) staining, provides a robust imaging method for macro- and micro-level analyses of AM roots and is applicable to at least six crops: soybean, onion (Alium cepa L.), potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), maize (Zea mays L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.), and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.).  相似文献   

Allometric equations for accurate estimation of above-ground biomass in logged-over tropical rainforests in Sarawak, Malaysia     

Tanaka Kenzo  Ryo Furutani  Daisuke Hattori  Joseph Jawa Kendawang  Sota Tanaka  Katsutoshi Sakurai  Ikuo Ninomiya 《Journal of Forest Research》2009,14(6):365-372

Although allometric equations can be used to accurately estimate biomass and/or carbon stock in forest ecosystems, few have been developed for logged-over tropical rainforests in Southeast Asia. We developed allometric relationships between tree size variables (stem diameter at breast height (dbh) and tree height) and leaf, branch, stem and total above-ground biomass in two logged-over tropical rainforests with different soil conditions in Sarawak, Malaysia. The study sites were originally classified as mainly lowland dipterocarp forest and have been selectively logged in the past 20 years. In total, 30 individuals from 27 species were harvested to measure above-ground parts. The correlation coefficients for the allometric relationships obtained for total above-ground biomass as a function of dbh had high values (0.99), although the relationships for leaf biomass had a relatively low coefficient (0.83). We also found relatively high coefficients for allometric relationships between tree height and plant-part biomass, ranging from 0.82 to 0.97. Moreover, there were no differences for allometric equations of total above-ground biomass between study sites. A comparison of equations of above-ground biomass in various previously reported tropical rainforests and pan-tropic general equations imply that our allometric equations differ largely from the equations for tropical primary forests, early successional secondary forest, and even for the general models. Therefore, choosing the biomass estimation models for above-ground biomass in the logged-over forests of Southeast Asia requires careful consideration of their suitability.  相似文献   

Survival of ovarian somatic cells during sex change in the protogynous wrasse, Halichoeres trimaculatus     

Ryo Nozu  Ryo Horiguchi  Ryosuke Murata  Yasuhisa Kobayashi  Masaru Nakamura 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2013,39(1):47-51

The three-spot wrasse (Halichoeres trimaculatus), which inhabits the coral reefs of Okinawa, changes sex from female to male. Sex change in this species is controlled by a social system. Oocytes disappear completely from the ovary, and male germ cells and somatic cells comprising testicular tissue arise a new during the sex change process. However, little is known of the fate and origin of the gonadal tissue-forming cells during sex change. In particular, the fate of ovarian somatic cells has not been determined, although the ovarian tissue regresses histologically. To approach this question, we analyzed apoptosis and cell proliferation in the sex-changing gonads. Unexpectedly, we found that few apoptotic somatic cells were present during sex change, suggesting that ovarian somatic cells might survive during the regression of the ovarian tissue. On the other hand, cell proliferation was detected in many granulosa cells surrounding the degenerating oocytes, a few epithelial cells covering ovigerous lamella and a few somatic cells associated with gonial germ cells at an early stage of sex change. Then, we found that proliferative ovarian somatic cells remained in the gonads late in the sex change process. Based on these results, we concluded that some functional somatic cells of the ovary are reused as testicular somatic cells during the gonadal sex change in the three-spot wrasse.  相似文献   

Possibilities of direct introgression from Brassica napus to B. juncea and indirect introgression from B. napus to related Brassicaceae through B. juncea     

Mai Tsuda  Ryo Ohsawa  Yutaka Tabei 《Breeding Science》2014,64(1):74-82

The impact of genetically modified canola (Brassica napus) on biodiversity has been examined since its initial stage of commercialization. Various research groups have extensively investigated crossability and introgression among species of Brassicaceae. B. rapa and B. juncea are ranked first and second as the recipients of cross-pollination and introgression from B. napus, respectively. Crossability between B. napus and B. rapa has been examined, specifically in terms of introgression from B. napus to B. rapa, which is mainly considered a weed in America and European countries. On the other hand, knowledge on introgression from B. napus to B. juncea is insufficient, although B. juncea is recognized as the main Brassicaceae weed species in Asia. It is therefore essential to gather information regarding the direct introgression of B. napus into B. juncea and indirect introgression of B. napus into other species of Brassicaceae through B. juncea to evaluate the influence of genetically modified canola on biodiversity. We review information on crossability and introgression between B. juncea and other related Brassicaseae in this report.  相似文献   

Hepatic AA amyloidosis in a cat: cytologic and histologic identification of AA amyloid in macrophages          下载免费PDF全文

Sakurako Neo‐suzuki  Takayuki Mineshige  Junichi Kamiie  Hideki Kayanuma  Yukako Mochizuki  Masaharu Hisasue  Ryo Tsuchiya  Kinji Shirota 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2017,46(2):331-336

A 3‐year‐old, spayed female, Domestic Shorthair cat presented with anorexia, lethargy, vomiting, probable hemoabdomen, and multiple masses on the right lateral liver lobe. Clinicopathologic and imaging abnormalities included anemia, azotemia, icterus, and hepatomegaly with hypoechoic masses. On cytologic evaluation of a fine‐needle aspiration of a liver mass there was abundant extracellular pink‐ to purple‐colored material between hepatocytes. The amorphous material was stained with direct fast scarlet (DFS), and green birefringent areas were observed under polarized light, confirming the presence of amyloid. A unique finding on the cytologic smear were macrophages containing amorphous and fibrillar amyloid‐like protein. Histopathologic examination using H&E and Congo red staining confirmed amyloid deposits within the space of Disse, along the sinusoids, portal tracts, blood vessel walls, and within the cytoplasm of macrophages. Immunohistochemical staining with anti‐AA amyloid antibodies further confirmed the presence of AA amyloid. To the author's knowledge, this is the first report of the cytologic finding of AA amyloid protein within macrophages and DFS stain detection of amyloid on a cytologic smear.  相似文献