Epigenetic assessment of environmental chemicals detected in maternal peripheral and cord blood samples     

Arai Y  Ohgane J  Yagi S  Ito R  Iwasaki Y  Saito K  Akutsu K  Takatori S  Ishii R  Hayashi R  Izumi S  Sugino N  Kondo F  Horie M  Nakazawa H  Makino T  Shiota K 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2011,57(4):507-517

Epigenetic alteration is an emerging paradigm underlying the long-term effects of chemicals on gene functions. Various chemicals, including organophosphate insecticides and heavy metals, have been detected in the human fetal environment. Epigenetics by DNA methylation and histone modifications, through dynamic chromatin remodeling, is a mechanism for genome stability and gene functions. To investigate whether such environmental chemicals may cause epigenetic alterations, we studied the effects of selected chemicals on morphological changes in heterochromatin and DNA methylation status in mouse ES cells (ESCs). Twenty-five chemicals, including organophosphate insecticides, heavy metals and their metabolites, were assessed for their effect on the epigenetic status of mouse ESCs by monitoring heterochromatin stained with 4￠,6-diamino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). The cells were surveyed after 48 or 96 h of exposure to the chemicals at the serum concentrations of cord blood. The candidates for epigenetic mutagens were examined for the effect on DNA methylation at genic regions. Of the 25 chemicals, five chemicals (diethyl phosphate (DEP), mercury (Hg), cotinine, selenium (Se) and octachlorodipropyl ether (S-421)) caused alterations in nuclear staining, suggesting that they affected heterochromatin conditions. Hg and Se caused aberrant DNA methylation at gene loci. Furthermore, DEP at 0.1 ppb caused irreversible heterochromatin changes in ESCs, and DEP-, Hg- and S-421-exposed cells also exhibited impaired formation of the embryoid body (EB), which is an in vitro model for early embryos. We established a system for assessment of epigenetic mutagens. We identified environmental chemicals that could have effects on the human fetus epigenetic status.  相似文献   

Cardiac lesions in Duchenne muscular dystrophy model rats with out-of-frame Dmd gene mutation mediated by CRISPR/Cas9 system     

Mao Miyamoto  Ryota Tochinai  Shin-ich Sekizawa  Takanori Shiga  Kazuyuki Uchida  Yoshiharu Tsuru  Masayoshi Kuwahara 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2020,33(4):227

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Analysis of 46-kDa protein in the perivitelline membrane of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)     

Tomohiro SASANAMI  Mamoru OHTSUKI  Yukio DOI  Ryota TANAKA  Atsushi FUJISHIMA  Makoto MORI 《Animal Science Journal》2008,79(1):104-110

The extracellular matrix surrounding the oocyte before ovulation is called the perivitelline membrane (PL) in avian species. The PL is constructed with two major glycoproteins, ZPC and ZP1, which are synthesized in the ovarian granulosa cells and the liver, respectively. Although the properties of the major components in the PL have been examined, knowledge about the nature of its minor constituents is lacking. In this study we focused on PL protein, which migrates at 46‐kDa in the gel of SDS‐PAGE. N‐terminal sequence analysis demonstrated that the 46‐kDa protein is the C‐terminal fragment of ZP1. Analysis of lysylendopeptidase digests or cyanogens bromide‐degraded fragments of ZP1 confirmed this postulate. Western blot analysis using antiserum against 46‐kDa protein indicated the absence of 46‐kDa protein in the serum. Moreover, small immunoreactive bands, thought to be cleaved fragments of ZP1, were detected in the PL lysate by western blot analysis using antiserum against the N‐terminal peptide of ZP1. These results indicated that the N‐terminal proteolytic processing of ZP1 might take place after the arrival of ZP1 at the ovary, and the resulting product, 46‐kDa protein, is incorporated into the PL.  相似文献   

Expression of ZO‐1 and claudin‐1 in a 3D epidermal equivalent using canine progenitor epidermal keratinocytes          下载免费PDF全文

Keiji Teramoto  Ryota Asahina  Hidetaka Nishida  Hiroaki Kamishina  Sadatoshi Maeda 《Veterinary dermatology》2018,29(4):288-e98

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Perception and valuation of Paddy Field Dam functions by rural communities: a CVM approach     

Oishi  Takafumi  Nakano  Ryota  Matsuno  Yutaka 《Paddy and Water Environment》2019,17(3):383-390

Paddy and Water Environment - In recent years, Paddy Field Dams have received recognition as a measure to alleviate flooding due to torrential rains. Paddy Field Dams have been in practice in...  相似文献   

Predicting chronosequential changes in carbon stocks of pachymorph bamboo communities in slash-and-burn agricultural fallow,northern Lao People’s Democratic Republic     

Yoshiyuki Kiyono  Yukihito Ochiai  Yukihiro Chiba  Hidetoshi Asai  Kazuki Saito  Tatsuhiko Shiraiwa  Takeshi Horie  Visone Songnoukhai  Viengmany Navongxai  Yoshio Inoue 《Journal of Forest Research》2007,12(5):371-383

In northern Lao People’s Democratic Republic, rising human population has drastically reduced the fallow period of slash-and-burn agriculture which has led to a considerable decrease in the carbon stock in these communities. We estimated chronosequential changes in the communities' carbon stocks, and established the relationship between the fallow period and fallow-period-average carbon stocks in three carbon pools of bamboo-dominated communities in hilly areas of the Luang Prabang Province, northern Lao People’s Democratic Republic. Based on measurements by destructive sampling, we devised a model and root-to-shoot ratios for estimating bamboo biomass. In six secondary plant communities established after slash-and-burn cropping, we estimated community biomass using the above model and others, and measured deadwood and litter stocks. The communities’ biomass and deadwood significantly increased with time after the last cropping and the former reached about 100 Mg ha⁻¹ after 15 years, whereas litter stocks did not show significant trends over time. Extending the fallow period from 2 to 5 years would increase fallow-period-average carbon stock from 14.2 to 25.1 Mg C ha⁻¹. The overstory height was significantly correlated with biomass, deadwood, and litter carbon stocks of these communities. Based on our findings, changes in a community’s carbon stocks can be estimated using the changes in overstory height, which should be taken into account in future studies to reduce uncertainty in estimating carbon stocks in tropical ecosystems.  相似文献   

Dietary phytase increases the true absorption and endogenous fecal excretion of zinc in growing pigs given a corn-soybean meal based diet     

Gyo-Moon CHU  Motoharu KOMORI  Ryota HATTORI  Tohru MATSUI 《Animal Science Journal》2009,80(1):46-51

We investigated the effect of dietary phytase on the true absorption and endogenous fecal excretion of zinc (Zn) using ⁶⁷Zn in growing pigs given a corn-soybean meal based diet. Ten crossbred barrows were fed the control diet containing 90-mg/kg Zn, 2.3-g/kg phytate-phosphorus and 3.7-g/kg non-phytate-phosphorus or the phytase diet containing similar amounts of Zn and phytate-phosphorus, and 1.4-g/kg non-phytate-phosphorus with 750-PU/kg phytase for 12 h/day. On day 6, the pigs were given 200 g of the corresponding diet labeled by ⁶⁷Zn for 2 h. We measured feed intake, fecal Zn concentration and ⁶⁷Zn abundance for the determination of apparent absorption, true absorption and endogenous fecal excretion of Zn. Although the apparent absorption of Zn did not significantly differ between the dietary groups, the phytase group had significantly more ( P  < 0.05) true absorption of Zn than the control group. The endogenous fecal excretion of Zn tended to be more ( P  = 0.07) in the phytase group than in the control group. These results suggest that dietary phytase improves Zn bioavailability through increasing the true absorption of Zn in growing pigs, which results in stimulating the endogenous fecal excretion of Zn when dietary Zn satisfies its requirement.  相似文献   

Immunohistochemical distribution of inwardly rectifying K+ channels in the medulla oblongata of the rat     

Yamamoto Y  Ishikawa R  Omoe K  Yoshikawa N  Yamaguchi-Yamada M  Taniguchi K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(3):265-271

The inwardly rectifying K+ channels, Kir1.1, Kir2.3 and Kir4.1-Kir5.1, are the candidate chemosensory molecules for CO2/H+. We determined the mRNA expression and immunohistochemical localization of these channels in the medulla oblongata of the rat. RT-PCR analysis revealed mRNAs of Kir1.1, Kir2.3, Kir4.1 and Kir5.1 were detected in the medulla. The immunoreactivities for Kir1.1, Kir2.3, Kir4.1, and Kir5.1 were observed in the medulla, and immunolabeling pattern was varied by the subunit. Immunoreactivities for Kir1.1 and Kir2.3 were observed in the nerve cell bodies and glial cells both in the chemosensory areas [nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), nucleus raphe obscurus (RO), pre-B?tzinger complex (PreB?tC)] and non-chemosensory area [hypoglossal nucleus (XII), inferior olive nucleus (IO)]. Kir4.1 immunoreactivity was observed in the glial cells and neuropil, especially in XII and IO. Kir5.1 immunoreactivity was observed in the nerve cell bodies in the XII, RO, and PreB?tC, but not in the NTS or IO. In the NTS, a dense network of varicose nerve fibers showed immunoreactivity for Kir5.1. Our findings suggest that Kir channels may not act specific to the central chemoreception, but regulate the ionic properties of cellular membranes in various neurons and glial cells.  相似文献   

Sodium channel mutations (T929I and F1534S) found in pyrethroid-resistant strains of the cigarette beetle,Lasioderma serricorne (Coleoptera: Anobiidae)     

Naoto Fukazawa  Ryota Takahashi  Hinako Matsuda  Yuya Mikawa  Toshiyuki Suzuki  Tomohiro Suzuki  Shoji Sonoda 《Journal of Pesticide Science》2021,46(4):360

RNA-seq data analysis of cigarette beetle (Lasioderma serricorne) strains having different sensitivities to pyrethroids identified sodium channel mutations in strains showing pyrethroid resistance: the T929I and F1534S mutations. These results suggest that reduced sensitivity of the sodium channel confers the pyrethroid resistance of L. serricorne. Results also showed that the F1534S mutation mostly occurred concurrently with the T929I mutation. The functional relation between both mutations for pyrethroid resistance is discussed.  相似文献   

Sequential preovulatory expression of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone-inducible gene,Nr4a3, and its suppressor Anxa5 in the pituitary gland of female rats     

Ryota TERASHIMA  Titaree LAOHARATCHATATHANIN  Shiro KURUSU  Mitsumori KAWAMINAMI 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2021,67(3):217

Functional relationship between nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 3 (Nr4a3) and annexin A5 (Anxa5), which are two gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-inducible genes, has been established while evaluating pituitary gonadotropes in relation to follicle-stimulating hormone beta (Fshb) expression. However, the physiological variations that arise due to the differential expression of these genes in the pituitary gland during rat estrous cycle remain unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the Nr4a3 and Anxa5 mRNA expression during the estrous cycle in rats in comparison with the expression of the gonadotropin subunit genes, luteinizing hormone beta (Lhb) and Fshb. Nr4a3 mRNA expression showed a single peak at 1400 h of proestrus during the 4-d estrous cycle. Anxa5 mRNA level was elevated along with increased Fshb mRNA expression after the decline of Nr4a3 mRNA until 2300 h. Lhb mRNA expression levels were not significantly changed during the estrous cycle. Notably, addition of a GnRH antagonist at 1100 h completely eradicated luteinizing hormone secretion at 1400 h and 1700 h of proestrus, and significantly reduced the Nr4a3 mRNA expression level at both the time points. These results suggest that GnRH is, at least partly, responsible for the increase in pituitary Nr4a3, and that the interaction between NR4A3 and ANXA5 is required to regulate Fshb expression during the preovulatory gonadotropin surge.  相似文献