The effect of the cytoplasms of Brassica napus and B. juncea on some characteristics of B. carinata, including flower morphology     

Caitao Chang  Ryota Uesugi  Kana Hondo  Fumika Kakihara  Masahiro Kato 《Euphytica》2007,158(1-2):261-270

This study was conducted to assess the cytoplasm effects of Brassica napus and B. juncea on the some characteristics of B. carinata, as well as the phylogenetic distances separating the three species. Alloplasmic lines of B. carinata were developed from B. napus × B. carinata and B. juncea × B. carinata hybrids by recurrent backcrossing to the BC₇ generation. Sixteen populations from three generations were compared for a number of characteristics. Plants with the cytoplasm of B. napus flowered later, had shorter filaments and longer pistils, lower pollen amount, lower seed set, lower petal length and width and different petal color; plants with the cytoplasm of B. juncea had shorter pistils and filaments, and lower petal length and width than their corresponding euplasmic sibs, respectively. The results suggest that the cytoplasm is involved in the development of flower organs. The natural species, B. carinata showed a balance between the nucleus and cytoplasm. The cytoplasm from B. napus showed a stronger disturbing effect than that of B. juncea, suggesting that B. carinata might be genetically closer to B. juncea than to B. napus. The significant difference in the alloplasmic effect of the cytoplasms of B. napus and B. juncea also suggests that in B. carinata the B genome may play a greater role than the C genome. An erratum to this article can be found at  相似文献   

Requirement of phospholipase Cdelta4 for the zona pellucida-induced acrosome reaction     

Fukami K  Nakao K  Inoue T  Kataoka Y  Kurokawa M  Fissore RA  Nakamura K  Katsuki M  Mikoshiba K  Yoshida N  Takenawa T 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2001,292(5518):920-923

Several phospholipase C (PLC) isoforms have been found in male and female mammalian gametes, and splicing isoforms of PLCdelta4 are predominantly expressed in testis. Here we report that male mice in which the PLCdelta4 gene had been disrupted either produced few small litters or were sterile. In vitro fertilization studies showed that insemination with PLCdelta4-/- sperm resulted in significantly fewer eggs becoming activated and that the calcium transients associated with fertilization were absent or delayed. PLCdelta4-/- sperm were unable to initiate the acrosome reaction, an exocytotic event required for fertilization and induced by interaction with the egg coat, the zona pellucida. These data demonstrate that PLCdelta4 functions in the acrosome reaction that is induced by the zona pellucida during mammalian fertilization.  相似文献   

Evaluation of the Autonomic Nervous System in a Canine Model of Chronic Embolic Pulmonary Hypertension     

Ogawa  Mizuki  Ishizaka  Mio  Akabane  Ryota  Sakatani  Atsushi  Nagakawa  Masayoshi  Miyakawa  Hirosumi  Miyagawa  Yuichi  Takemura  Naoyuki 《Veterinary research communications》2020,44(2):73-81

Veterinary Research Communications - Sildenafil improves autonomic dysfunction caused by pulmonary hypertension (PH) in humans, but its effect is unknown in dogs with PH. This prospective study...  相似文献   

Clonal spread of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli isolates among pups in two kennels     

Kazuki Harada  Erika Morimoto  Yasushi Kataoka  Toshio Takahashi 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2011,53(1):11

Although the dog breeding industry is common in many countries, the presence of antimicrobial resistant bacteria among pups in kennels has been infrequently investigated. This study was conducted to better understand the epidemiology of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from kennel pups not treated with antimicrobials. We investigated susceptibilities to 11 antimicrobials, and prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) in 86 faecal E. coli isolates from 43 pups in two kennels. Genetic relatedness among all isolates was assessed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Susceptibility tests revealed that 76% of the isolates were resistant to one or more of tested antimicrobials, with resistance to dihydrostreptomycin most frequently encountered (66.3%) followed by ampicillin (60.5%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (41.9%), oxytetracycline (26.7%), and chloramphenicol (26.7%). Multidrug resistance, defined as resistance against two or more classes of antimicrobials, was observed in 52 (60.5%) isolates. Three pups in one kennel harboured SHV-12 ESBL-producing isolates. A comparison between the two kennels showed that frequencies of resistance against seven antimicrobials and the variation in resistant phenotypes differed significantly. Analysis by PFGE revealed that clone sharing rates among pups of the same litters were not significantly different in both kennels (64.0% vs. 88.9%), whereas the rates among pups from different litters were significantly different between the two kennels (72.0% vs. 33.3%, P < 0.05). The pups in the two kennels had antimicrobial-resistant E. coli clones, including multidrug-resistant and ESBL-producing clones. It is likely that resistant and susceptible bacteria can clonally spread among the same and/or different litters thus affecting the resistance prevalence.  相似文献   

Polar cardenolide monoglycosides from stems and twigs of Nerium oleander and their biological activities     

Liming Bai  Ming Zhao  Asami Toki  Toshiaki Hasegawa  Jun-ichi Sakai  Xiao-yang Yang  Yuhua Bai  Hirotsugu Ogura  Tomokazu Mitsui  Takao Kataoka  Mariko Ando  Katsutoshi Hirose  Masayoshi Ando 《Journal of Wood Science》2011,57(1):47-55

Twelve polar cardenolide monoglycosides, 1, 2, 4?C13, and oleagenin (3) were isolated from the methanol extract of stems and twigs of Nerium oleander. Among these, oleagenin (3) and cardenolide monoglycosides named cardenolide B-1 (1) and cardenolide B-2 (2) were isolated from natural sources for the first time. The in vitro antiinflammatory activity of compounds 1?C13 was examined on the basis of inhibitory activity against the induction of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Compounds 4?C7 were active at an IC₅₀ value of less than 0.4 ??M. The cytotoxic activity of compounds 1?C13 was evaluated against three human cell lines: normal human fibroblast cells (WI-38), malignant tumor cells derived from WI-38 (VA-13), and human liver tumor cells (HepG2). Compounds 4, 6, and 7 were active toward these three cell lines at IC₅₀ values of less than 0.7 ??M, and compounds 5 and 8 were active toward the cell lines at IC₅₀ values of less than 1.5 ??M. The multidrug resistance (MDR) cancer-reversal activity of compounds 1?C13 was evaluated on the basis of the amount of calcein accumulated in MDR human ovarian cancer 2780AD cells in the presence of each compound. Compound 1 and 12 showed significant effects on calcein accumulation.  相似文献   

Intramolecular carbon isotope distribution of acetic acid in vinegar     

Hattori R  Yamada K  Kikuchi M  Hirano S  Yoshida N 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(17):9049-9053

Compound-specific carbon isotope analysis of acetic acid is useful for origin discrimination and quality control of vinegar. Intramolecular carbon isotope distributions, which are each carbon isotope ratios of the methyl and carboxyl carbons in the acetic acid molecule, may be required to obtain more detailed information to discriminate such origin. In this study, improved gas chromatography-pyrolysis-gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-Py-GC-C-IRMS) combined with headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) was used to measure the intramolecular carbon isotope distributions of acetic acid in 14 Japanese vinegars. The results demonstrated that the methyl carbons of acetic acid molecules in vinegars produced from plants were mostly isotopically depleted in (13)C relative to the carboxyl carbon. Moreover, isotopic differences (δ(13)C(carboxyl) - δ(13)C(methyl)) had a wide range from -0.3 to 18.2‰, and these values differed among botanical origins, C3, C4, and CAM plants.  相似文献   

High-speed atomic force microscopy reveals rotary catalysis of rotorless F₁-ATPase     

Uchihashi T  Iino R  Ando T  Noji H 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6043):755-758

F(1) is an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-driven motor in which three torque-generating β subunits in the α(3)β(3) stator ring sequentially undergo conformational changes upon ATP hydrolysis to rotate the central shaft γ unidirectionally. Although extensive experimental and theoretical work has been done, the structural basis of cooperative torque generation to realize the unidirectional rotation remains elusive. We used high-speed atomic force microscopy to show that the rotorless F(1) still "rotates"; in the isolated α(3)β(3) stator ring, the three β subunits cyclically propagate conformational states in the counterclockwise direction, similar to the rotary shaft rotation in F(1). The structural basis of unidirectionality is programmed in the stator ring. These findings have implications for cooperative interplay between subunits in other hexameric ATPases.  相似文献   

Prostaglandins: localization in subcellular particles of rat cerebral cortex   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

K Kataoka  P W Ramwell  S Jessup 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1967,157(793):1187-1189

Homogenates of rat cerebral cortex contain material corresponding to prostaglandins E(1), E(2), F(1)alpha, and F(2)alpha which are concentrated mainly in the light microsomal and mitochondrial fractions. Only the former fraction exhibits significant ability to synthesize prostaglandins E(1) and F(1)alpha from bis-homo-gamma-linolenic acid. After subfractionation of the crude mitochondrial fraction, prostaglandin E and F material is found mainly in the cholinergic and noncholinergic nerve endings. We conclude that the nerve endings are a storage site, whereas the light microsomes are the site of synthesis.  相似文献   

METABOLITE PROFILING OF SHOOT EXTRACTS,ROOT EXTRACTS,AND ROOT EXUDATES OF RICE PLANT UNDER PHOSPHORUS DEFICIENCY     

Keitaro Tawaraya  Ryota Horie  Akiko Saito  Takuro Shinano  Tadao Wagatsuma  Kazuki Saito 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(7):1138-1159

We applied a metabolite profiling technique to investigate root exudates under phosphorus (P) deficiency. Oryza sativa was grown in culture solution containing three P levels (0, 1, and 8 mg P L^?1). Shoot extracts, root extracts, and root exudates were obtained from 18 and 23-day-old plants and their metabolites were determined by capillary electrophoresis/time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Eighty, 90, and 65 metabolites were identified in shoot extracts, root extracts, and root exudates, respectively. Sixty-three to eighty-four percent of the metabolites were exuded to the rhizosphere. More than 33% of the metabolites in the root exudates showed higher concentration at low P than at high P. On the other hand, only 14% of the metabolites in the root extracts showed lower concentration at low P than at high P. These results suggest that rice roots actively release many metabolites in response to P deficiency.  相似文献   

Improvement of simazine degradation by inoculation of corn and soybean plants with rhizobacteria     

Takashi Ozawa  Ryota Yoshida  Yoshiaki Wakashiro  Hitomi Hase 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(8):1295-1299

We isolated the strains of aerobic bacteria, that were able to use the simazine (2-chloro4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine) herbicide as a sole source of nitrogen, from the roots of corn plants and the nodules of soybean plants. Partial base sequences of 16S rRNA genes and physiological characteristics of the representative isolates revealed that they belonged to Agrobacterium radiobacter and Bradyrhizobium japonicum, respectively. Inoculation of corn plants with the isolates of A. radiobacter resulted in a faster decrease in the amount of simazine in vermiculite soil. Neither bacteria nor corn plants alone were able to promote the decrease in the amount of simazine. Soybean plants modulated by the isolates of B. japonicum were more sensitive to simazine in a hydroponic medium compared to non-nodulated soybeans, though a significant decrease in the amount of simazine in the media was observed. The results obtained in the present study indicate that the rhizosphere of corn and soybean plants containing root nodules is an appropriate habitat for simazine-degrading bacteria to degrade the herbicide.  相似文献