Changes in Plasma Concentrations of LH, FSH, Estradiol 17-β and Progesterone During Oestrus in Mithun (Bos frontalis)     

A Dhali  DP Mishra  A Mech  M Karunakaran  H Choudhury  K Khate  C Rajkhowa 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2006,41(2):162-168

The objective of the present study was to establish the changes in plasma concentrations of LH, FSH, estradiol 17-beta (E2) and progesterone (P4), as well as to understand their temporal relationships during oestrus in mithun (Bos frontalis). The experiment was conducted on 11 mithuns during third or fourth postpartum oestrous cycle. Since oestrus onset the jugular vein blood samples were collected every 2 h for 72 and 96 h, respectively from the animals without and with standing heat. The LH, FSH, E2 and P4 concentrations were estimated in plasma. The P4 concentration was fluctuated throughout the oestrus period and the average P4 concentration was found significantly (p<0.05) lower on the day of oestrus onset. The multiple rises in LH and FSH concentrations above the basal level in spike like fashion were observed throughout the oestrus period irrespective of the occurrence of standing heat. A significant (p<0.01) gradual increase in the average daily E2 concentration was observed till day 2 following oestrus onset irrespective of the occurrence of standing heat. A significant (p<0.05) simultaneous increase in LH, FSH and E2 concentrations and a transient increase in P4 concentration at approximately the time of standing heat onset were observed. During investigation a definite temporal coupling between LH and FSH rises was absent throughout the oestrus period. The results suggest that (1) the multiple short-duration low-amplitude LH and FSH surges during oestrus may be crucial for the final maturation of ovulatory follicle and subsequent ovulation in mithun; (2) a differential mechanism for controlling LH and FSH secretions probably exists in mithun.  相似文献   

Goat serum, a substitute of bovine serum in cultivation of Babesia bovis.     

A K Mishra  G Clabaugh  I Kakoma  M Ristic 《Acta veterinaria Hungarica》1991,39(1-2):25-28

Babesia bovis (a Mexican isolate) was cultivated in MASP culture system using goat serum in various concentrations as substitute of bovine serum. It was observed that 20% goat serum + 20% bovine serum + 60% Parker's medium 199 supported the growth of the parasite, which was maintained in this medium through 8 subcultures. The soluble exoantigen (vaccine) present in the culture supernatant is to be quantified and tested in vitro. Goat serum from slaughterhouses may be utilized for in vitro cultivation of the parasite and, expectedly, production of vaccine. This study may prove to be useful in reducing the cost of vaccine at least in tropical countries.  相似文献   

Genetic typing of bovine viral diarrhoea virus isolates from India     

Mishra N  Pattnaik B  Vilcek S  Patil SS  Jain P  Swamy N  Bhatia S  Pradhan HK 《Veterinary microbiology》2004,104(3-4):207-212

Thirteen BVDV isolates collected in four geographic regions of India between 2000 and 2002 were typed in 5'-UTR. To confirm results of genetic typing, selected viruses were also analysed in the N(pro) region. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all Indian BVDV isolates belong to BVDV-1b (Osloss-like group). Despite a long distance between the farms from which the viruses were isolated there was no correlation between the origin of viral isolates and their position in a phylogenetic tree. Higher genetic similarity of Indian BVDV isolates was observed most probably due to the uncontrolled movement of cattle as well as the uncontrolled use of semen from bulls for breeding of local and farm cattle in different states of India.  相似文献   

Neuroleptic drug-induced dopamine receptor supersensitivity: antagonism by L-prolyl-L-leucyl-glycinamide   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

S Chiu  C S Paulose  R K Mishra 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1981,214(4526):1261-1262

An animal model of tardive dyskinesia was used to evaluate the potential antidyskinetic properties of the neuropeptide L-prolyl-L-leucyl-glycinamide (PLG). In rats, PLG administered concurrently with the neuroleptic drug haloperidol or chlorpromazine antagonized the enhancement of specific [3H]spiroperidol binding in the striatum that is associated with long-term neuroleptic treatment. The results are discussed in relation to a possible functional coupling of the putative PLG receptor with neuroleptic-dopamine receptor complex and clinical implications for tardive dyskinesia.  相似文献   

Inorganic pyrophosphatase activity in water stressed excised rice leaves     

S. Dwivedi  M. Kar  D. Mishra 《Irrigation Science》1979,1(2):119-124

Summary Changes in the inorganic pyrophosphatase (EC 3.6.1.1) activity and the chlorophyll and -amino nitrogen levels were studied in excised leaves of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Ratna) subjected to various degrees of water stress. Chlorophyll level decreased and a-amino nitrogen level increased in the turgid leaves floating on water; these changes were accelerated when the leaves were subjected to water stress (Figs. 2, 3). The decrease with time in the activity of alkaline inorganic pyrophosphatase and the increase with time in the activity of acid inorganic pyrophosphatase in water-floated turgid leaves were accelerated following water stress (Figs. 4, 5). There was an accelerated decline in the ratios of alkaline to acid inorganic pyrophosphatase activity in stressed compared to turgid leaves (Fig. 6). It was concluded that water stress enhances the senescence of excised rice leaves and that the changes in the activities of alkaline and acid inorganic pyrophosphatases can be taken as indicators of water stress in rice leaves.Work supported by grant from the Extra Mural Research Unit, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi to Dr. D. Mishra. Mr. S. Dwivedi is a University Grants Commission Junior Research Fellow  相似文献   

Ecology of soil microflora and mycorrhizal symbionts in degraded forests at two altitudes     

D. K. Jha  G. D. Sharma  R. R. Mishra 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》1992,12(4):272-278

Summary Microbial populations were estimated in four different forest stands at different regenerational stages, two each at higher and lower altitudes. The fungal and bacterial populations showed marked seasonal variations at both altitudes. Quantitatively, the bacterial population was higher than the fungal population. Although 25 fungal species were isolated at the lower altitude, only 15 were obtained at the higher altitude. Penicillium chrysogenum and Trichoderma viride were dominant at the lower and higher altitudes, respectively. In the more degraded forest stand at the lower altitude both the fungal and the bacterial population showed a significant positive correlation with organic C (r=0.658 and 0.735, respectively), whereas in the less degraded forest stand there was a significant correlation only between the fungal population and organic C (r=0.835). At the higher altitude, however, a highly significant correlation (P<0.05) was observed between the fungal population, soil moisture and organic C in both the forest stands. Disturbance to the soil and vegetation adversely affected the microbial population, and also affected endogonaceous spores. At the lower altitude, plants in the more degraded forest stand were more mycotrophic compared to those in the less degraded stand. The level of mycorrhizal infection showed a highly positive correlation with soil moisture, organic C, total N, and available P. The spore population, however, was correlated negatively with these parameters. Three different endogonaceous genera, Glomus, Gigaspora, and Acaulospora, were identified during the course of investigation. Glomus, however, was dominant.  相似文献   

Dehydrogenase and urease activities in rice-field soils     

Manjumani Baruah  R.R. Mishra 《Soil biology & biochemistry》1984,16(4):423-424

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The impact of inter-generational social and regional circumstances on dietary intake patterns of British adults: results from the 1946 British Birth Cohort     

Mishra GD  Prynne CJ  Paul AA  Greenberg DC  Bolton-Smith C 《Public health nutrition》2004,7(6):737-744

OBJECTIVES: (1) To determine the extent to which an individual's childhood social circumstances and region of residence influence their dietary pattern at age 43 years and (2) to establish the extent to which an individual adopts the dietary pattern of their social and regional circumstances at age 43 years. DESIGN: Longitudinal study of a social class stratified, random sample of all legitimate, singleton births in the week of 3-9 March 1946. SETTINGS: England, Scotland and Wales. SUBJECTS: The 3187 survey members who provided sociodemographic information at age 4 years in 1950 and sociodemographic and dietary data (48-hour dietary recall) at 43 years in 1989. RESULTS: People who remained in the non-manual social class consumed significantly higher amounts of food items correlated with the factor health aware (items include high-fibre breakfast cereals, wholemeal breads, apples and bananas) than those who remained in the manual social class. Those who made the transition from manual social class in childhood to non-manual social class at age 43 years partly adopted the distinctive dietary patterns of the non-manual social classes. Consumption of items in the factors refined (items include whole-fat milk, white bread, sugar and butter) and sandwich (items include tomatoes, lettuce, onions, bacon and ham) did not differ by social class or regional mobility. CONCLUSIONS: This work suggests that although adult dietary patterns are developed as a result of childhood influences, these patterns can be modified as a result of social and regional transitions. Such changes in dietary patterns may influence susceptibility to disease.  相似文献   

Gross nitrogen mineralisation rates in pastural soils and their relationships with organic nitrogen fractions, microbial biomass and protease activity under glasshouse conditions   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

S. Mishra  H. J. Di  K. C. Cameron  R. Monaghan  A. Carran 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2005,42(1):45-53

In this study, gross nitrogen (N) mineralisation rates were determined in six pasture soils (Fleming, Kairanga, Karapoti, Lismore, Templeton and Waikoikoi) from three different regions of New Zealand. The soils were kept under controlled soil water potential (–10 to –30 kPa) and temperature (12–20°C) conditions in a glasshouse. The gross N mineralisation rates ranged from 0.76 to 5.87 g N g^–1 soil day^–1 in the six soils and were positively correlated with the amount of amino acid-N (AA-N), ammonia-N (NH₃-N), total hydrolysable-N (TH-N), microbial biomass-carbon (MB-C), microbial biomass-N (MB-N), protease activity and organic C and N. A stepwise regression was used to generate equations that could best describe gross N mineralisation rates. Microbial biomass-carbon and AA-N were included in the equation that best described the gross N mineralisation rate: The total amounts of N mineralised over the 1-year period were equivalent to between 492 and 1,351 kg N ha^–1 year^–1. Assuming mineralisation continues at a steady state throughout the year, this represents between 12 and 26% of the total organic N mineralised per year in these pasture soils.  相似文献   

How well do Australian women comply with dietary guidelines?     

Ball K  Mishra GD  Thane CW  Hodge A 《Public health nutrition》2004,7(3):443-452

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the proportion of middle-aged Australian women meeting national dietary recommendations and its variation according to selected sociodemographic and behavioural characteristics. DESIGN: This cross-sectional population-based study used a food-frequency questionnaire to investigate dietary patterns and compliance with 13 commonly promoted dietary guidelines among a cohort of middle-aged women participating in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health. SETTING: Nation-wide community-based survey. SUBJECTS: A total of 10,561 women aged 50-55 years at the time of the survey in 2001. RESULTS: Only about one-third of women complied with more than half of the guidelines, and only two women in the entire sample met all 13 guidelines examined. While guidelines for meat/fish/poultry/eggs/nuts/legumes and 'extra' foods (e.g. ice cream, chocolate, cakes, potatoes, pizza, hamburgers and wine) were met well, large percentages of women (68-88%) did not meet guidelines relating to the consumption of breads, cereal-based foods and dairy products, and intakes of total and saturated fat and iron. Women working in lower socio-economic status occupations, and women living alone or with people other than a partner and/or children, were at significantly increased risk of not meeting guidelines. CONCLUSIONS: The present results indicate that a large proportion of middle-aged Australian women are not meeting dietary guidelines. Without substantial changes in their diets, and help in making these changes, current national guidelines appear unachievable for many women.  相似文献