Both soybean and kudzu phytoestrogens modify favorably the blood lipoprotein profile in ovariectomized and castrated hamsters     

Guan L  Yeung SY  Huang Y  Chen ZY 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(13):4907-4912

The present study compared the hypolipidemic activity of kudzu phytoestrogens with that of soybean phytoestrogen in estrogen- and androgen-deficient hamsters. In the first experiment, ovariectomized hamsters (n = 37) were randomly divided into four groups (n = 9-10 each group). The first group was the control group, whereas the second group had the time-releasing estradiol-17beta subcutaneous (pellet) implants as a positive control. The third and fourth groups were orally administered soybean or kudzu phytoestrogen extracts (30 mg/kg of body weight) per day. In the second experiments, the first group of male hamsters (n = 9) received a sham operation, whereas the other three groups of male hamsters (n = 9 each) were castrated. The castrated control group received orally distilled water, whereas the second and third castrated groups were orally given 30 mg/kg soybean or kudzu phytoestrogen extracts. The results for the first experiment showed that the ovariectomized hamsters orally given soybean and kudzu phytoestrogen extracts had significantly decreased serum total cholesterol (TC) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) with HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) being unaffected. The data from the second experiment demonstrated that administration of soybean but not kudzu phytoestrogen extracts decreased significantly serum TC. However, administration of kudzu phytoestrogens caused redistribution of cholesterol among lipoproteins, leading to a significant decrease in the ratio of non-HDL-C to HDL-C. It was concluded that both soybean and kudzu phytoestrogens could modify favorably lipoprotein profiles in ovariectomized and castrated hamsters.  相似文献   

Structural basis for the rescue of stalled ribosomes: structure of YaeJ bound to the ribosome     

Gagnon MG  Seetharaman SV  Bulkley D  Steitz TA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,335(6074):1370-1372

In bacteria, the hybrid transfer-messenger RNA (tmRNA) rescues ribosomes stalled on defective messenger RNAs (mRNAs). However, certain gram-negative bacteria have evolved proteins that are capable of rescuing stalled ribosomes in a tmRNA-independent manner. Here, we report a 3.2 angstrom-resolution crystal structure of the rescue factor YaeJ bound to the Thermus thermophilus 70S ribosome in complex with the initiator tRNA(i)(fMet) and a short mRNA. The structure reveals that the C-terminal tail of YaeJ functions as a sensor to discriminate between stalled and actively translating ribosomes by binding in the mRNA entry channel downstream of the A site between the head and shoulder of the 30S subunit. This allows the N-terminal globular domain to sample different conformations, so that its conserved GGQ motif is optimally positioned to catalyze the hydrolysis of peptidyl-tRNA. This structure gives insights into the mechanism of YaeJ function and provides a basis for understanding how it rescues stalled ribosomes.  相似文献   

浙江省4种常绿阔叶树种枯落物的燃烧特性比较   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

沈露  伊力塔  余树全  李修鹏  刘美华  汪赛 《林业资源管理》2012,(3):107-112

研究利用锥形量热仪,对浙江省4种常见常绿阔叶树种,冬青(Ilex chinensis)、木荷(Schima superba)、甜槠(Castanopsis eyrei)和紫楠(Phoebe sheareri)的枯落物进行燃烧性试验。结果表明:木荷落叶的热释放速率,总热释放量、烟产生速率、总烟释放量均比较低,火灾性能指数最大,其小枝的火灾性能指数也相对较大,表现出较强的阻火性能,因而木荷枯落物具有较强的防火性能;甜槠落叶的总热释放量较大,火灾性能指数最小,燃烧性最强,但其小枝却相反;而紫楠落叶释烟、释热均比较缓慢,火灾性能指数较大,其小枝的火灾性能指数却最小,可见紫楠落叶耐火,小枝易燃。该研究可为浙江省防火树种筛选以及防火林带的建设提供参考。  相似文献   

不同蛋白质源部分替代鱼粉对褐点石斑鱼幼鱼生长性能、体组成以及血清生化指标的影响   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王赛  陈刚  张健东  纪多亮  吴灶和  周晖 《动物营养学报》2012,(1):160-167

本试验旨在研究不同蛋白质源部分替代鱼粉对褐点石斑鱼幼鱼生长性能、体组成以及血清生化指标的影响。配制5组等氮等能饲料,对照组饲料(D1)含68%的鱼粉,试验组饲料(D2～D5)是在对照组饲料的基础上分别用豆粕替代10%的鱼粉、豆粕替代20%的鱼粉、啤酒酵母替代10%的鱼粉、玉米蛋白粉替代10%的鱼粉。选取体重在15 g左右的褐点石斑鱼幼鱼180尾,随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复12尾。试验期为8周。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,D2、D3组的增重率、摄食率、特定生长率、粗蛋白质表观消化率差异不显著(P>0.05),而D4、D5组的上述指标均显著降低(P<0.05)。与D2、D3组相比,D4组的特定生长率显著降低(P<0.05),肝体指数显著升高(P<0.05);D5组的摄食率、特定生长率、蛋白质效率和粗蛋白质表观消化率显著降低(P<0.05),饲料系数、肝体指数显著升高(P<0.05)。在体组成方面,D5组全鱼和肌肉中粗蛋白质含量显著低于对照组和D2、D3组(P<0.05);D4组肌肉中粗脂肪含量显著低于对照组和D2组(P<0.05)。在血清生化指标方面,D3组血清总蛋白、球蛋白、葡萄糖含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),而白球比显著高于对照组(P<0.05);对照组、D4组血清甘油三酯含量显著高于D3、D5组(P<0.05);各组间血清谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活性没有显著差异(P>0.05)。由此得出,作为鱼粉的替代品,豆粕比啤酒酵母和玉米蛋白粉能更好地满足褐点石斑鱼幼鱼的营养需求;从主要生长指标不受影响的角度考虑,褐点石斑鱼幼鱼饲料中可以用豆粕替代20%的鱼粉。  相似文献   

湖南油菜产业发展战略的思考   总被引：5，自引：5，他引：0  

张乐平  刘德林  邹朝晖  邵赛  谢洪科 《湖南农业科学》2009,(7):102-104

油菜是湖南第二大作物.湖南油菜产业有气候、地理、劳力和科技优势,在湖南可持续发展战略中占有重要位置,但也存在种植业成本偏高、加工业十分薄弱、产业链尚未形成等诸多制约油菜产业发展的障碍.基于此,笔者提出了湖南油菜产业跨越障碍及进一步发展需采取的应对策略.  相似文献   

鸡生长激素的原核表达、纯化及活性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

何赛  周欢庆  陈昱希  李洁  郁建锋  顾志良 《中国家禽》2016,(5):5-9

鸡生长激素(cGH)是由脑垂体前叶合成并分泌的一种重要的多肽类激素,对于鸡的生长发育具有至关重要的调控作用。为实现cGH的原核表达,将其序列插入原核表达载体pET-30a(+)中,构建重组表达质粒pET-30a-cGH,并转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),挑选阳性菌落液体培养IPTG诱导表达。SDS-PAGE检测显示,诱导产物在25 ku处含有与预期大小一致的蛋白条带;通过镍柱纯化,得到了较高纯度的cGH重组蛋白;用纯化得到的cGH重组蛋白处理鸡肝癌LMH细胞,检测其IGF-Ⅰ基因mRNA水平上调,证明所得到cGH蛋白具有生物学活性。研究结果为进一步研究cGH的结构、功能和生产应用奠定了基础。  相似文献   

Thermal stability of alpha-amylase from malted jowar (Sorghum bicolor)     

Kumar RS  Singh SA  Rao AG 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(17):6883-6888

Malted cereals are rich sources of alpha-amylase, which catalyzes the random hydrolysis of internal alpha-(1-4)-glycosidic bonds of starch, leading to liquefaction. Amylases play a role in the predigestion of starch, leading to a reduction in the water absorption capacity of the cereal. Among the three cereal amylases (barley, ragi, and jowar), jowar amylase is found to be the most thermostable. The major amylase from malted jowar, a 47 kDa alpha-amylase, purified to homogeneity, is rich in beta structure ( approximately 60%) like other cereal amylases. T(m), the midpoint of thermal inactivation, is found to be 69.6 +/- 0.3 degrees C. Thermal inactivation is found to follow first-order kinetics at pH 4.8, the pH optimum of the enzyme. Activation energy, E(a), is found to be 45.3 +/- 0.2 kcal mol(-)(1). The activation enthalpy (DeltaH), entropy (DeltaS*), and free energy change (DeltaG) are calculated to be 44.6 +/- 0.2 kcal mol(-)(1), 57.1 +/- 0.3 cal mol(-)(1) K(-)(1), and 25.2 +/- 0.2 kcal mol(-)(1), respectively. The thermal stability of the enzyme in the presence of the commonly used food additives NaCl and sucrose has been studied. T(m) is found to decrease to 66.3 +/- 0.3, 58.1 +/- 0.2, and 48.1 +/- 0.5 degrees C, corresponding to the presence of 0.1, 0.5, and 1 M NaCl, respectively. Sucrose acts as a stabilizer; the T(m) value is found to be 77.3 +/- 0.3 degrees C compared to 69.6 +/- 0.3 degrees C in the control.  相似文献   

黑水鸡卵壳超微结构的扫描电镜观察   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

赛道建  闫理钦 《山东农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1999,30(3):285-290

黑水鸡卵壳的扫描电镜观察表明,壳膜层由膜带状,沟状和线状纤维构成。纤维上有球状、茬状芽突和纤维孔,有的纤维伸向锥体内,可能参与气孔的形成;乳锥层的锥体为多角形,锥突有盘状花瓣状多种形态,有纤维锚连其上,锥核也有多种;柱状层气孔管内有球形塞和膜状横隔,有助于控制气流;表层下尚有块状结晶层。  相似文献   

保护性耕作下大豆农田土壤呼吸及影响因素分析   总被引：6，自引：3，他引：6  

张赛  罗海秀  王龙昌  张晓雨  周航飞  马仲炼  李榜江 《中国生态农业学报》2013,21(8):913-920

为了探讨保护性耕作对旱作农田土壤呼吸的影响,采用LI6400-09仪器(LI6400便携式光合作用系统连接6400-09呼吸室)在重庆北碚西南大学试验农场对平作(T)、垄作(R)、平作+覆盖(TS)、垄作+覆盖(RS)、平作+覆盖+秸秆速腐剂(TSD)、垄作+覆盖+秸秆速腐剂(RSD)6种处理下的西南紫色土丘陵区小麦/玉米/大豆套作体系中大豆生长季节的土壤呼吸及其水、热、生物因子进行测定和分析,探讨西南丘陵区保护性耕作下大豆农田土壤呼吸及其影响因素。结果表明,大豆整个生育期内土壤呼吸先缓慢增强,到开花期开始增长迅速,成熟期明显下降。不同处理土壤呼吸速率存在差异,表现为TTSD>TS、R>RSD>RS,土壤呼吸的土温敏感指标Q10值排序为TS>TSD>RS=R>T>RSD。秸秆覆盖处理的土壤呼吸对于土壤温度敏感性较高,垄作则降低了土壤温度敏感性。5 cm土层的土壤含水量高低排序为TSD>RSD>TS>RS>T>R。本研究中土壤呼吸与土壤水分呈抛物线函数关系,垄作处理下土壤呼吸与土壤水分正相关,达到显著水平;其他处理均表现负相关,其中TS达到极显著水平。在大豆农田生态系统中优势类群有弹尾目、螨目和双翅目,干漏斗法、陷阱法捕获的土壤动物与土壤呼吸均没有显著的相关关系,两种方法所得土壤动物数量加总与土壤呼吸进行相关分析,发现处理T相关系数达到显著水平,r=0.901,P=0.037。  相似文献   

妊娠期饲粮纤维水平对深县母猪繁殖性能及血清生殖激素水平的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

芦春莲  曹洪战  苗玉涛  张力圈  李同洲  李娟娟  李尚  解佑志  李赛 《动物营养学报》2017,29(7)

本试验旨在探讨妊娠期饲粮纤维水平对深县母猪繁殖性能和血清生殖激素水平的影响。选择头胎妊娠深县母猪30头,随机分为3组,每组5个重复,每个重复2头猪。试验期从母猪妊娠开始到哺乳期结束。1组、2组、3组母猪在妊娠期分别饲喂粗纤维(中性洗涤纤维)水平分别为10%(31.58%)、12%(31.96%)和14%(32.65%)的饲粮,哺乳期各组母猪饲喂相同的饲粮。结果表明:1)2组和3组母猪的窝产仔数和窝产活仔数均极显著高于1组(P0.01)。2组母猪的死胎率显著低于1组(P0.05)。2组母猪的初生窝重、初生个体重、断奶窝重和断奶个体重均极显著高于1组和3组(P0.01)。3组母猪所产仔猪的断奶窝重极显著高于1组(P0.01),初生窝重和断奶个体重显著高于1组(P0.05)。2)饲粮纤维水平对母猪妊娠第85天时的血清雌二醇、孕酮和催乳素水平均无显著影响(P0.05),但2组和3组母猪妊娠第114天时的血清孕酮和催乳素水平均显著高于1组(P0.05),而血清雌二醇水平各组间差异不显著(P0.05)。综合各项指标得出,深县母猪妊娠期饲粮的粗纤维(中性洗涤纤维)水平为12%(31.96%)时其繁殖性能最佳。  相似文献