Utilization of potato peels and sugar beet pulp with and without enzyme supplementation in broiler chicken diets: effects on performance,serum biochemical indices and carcass traits          下载免费PDF全文

H. M. Abdel‐Hafeez  E. S. E. Saleh  S. S. Tawfeek  I. M. I. Youssef  A. S. A. Abdel‐Daim 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(1):56-66

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of including potato peels (PP) and sugar beet pulp (SBP), as unconventional feeds, with and without enzyme in broiler diets from 1 to 42 days of age by observing the growth performance, blood parameters and carcass characteristics. A total of 150, 1‐day old, chicks were randomly assigned into five groups, each with 30 chicks. Birds in group 1 were fed on the control diet. Chicks in groups 2 and 3 were offered diets containing PP and SBP at the rate of 15% and 7.5%, respectively, while those in groups 4 and 5 were fed the same diets but with adding an enzyme mixture. Using the unconventional feeds in the diets was found to decrease the body weight (BW). However, the feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion did not differ from the control in PP at the grower period, but decreased in SBP throughout the experiment. Addition of enzyme greatly improved the BW in PP and SBP to a degree that it surpasses the control and also increased the feed intake and conversion. The total cholesterol and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol serum levels were decreased in all tested groups. Carcass yield was not affected by treatments, but the carcass fat content was reduced using the unconventional feeds with or without enzyme. In conclusion, PP can be used at a rate of 15% in the grower diets of broilers. Furthermore, 15% PP or 7.5% SBP can be included in starter and grower diets, but with the addition of enzymes. This can help in solving the problem of current shortage and rising costs of conventional feeds.  相似文献   

IRMS as a tool to obtain the carbon turnover (δ13C) in organs of weaned piglets fed glutamic acid and nucleotides     

Mayra Anton Dib Saleh  Luan Sousa dos Santos  Dirlei Antonio Berto  Alessandro Borges Amorim  Marcos Lívio Panhoza Tse  Vladimir Eliodoro Costa 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2019,103(3):906-914

Early weaning of piglets causes stress characterized by a decrease in feed intake followed by a decline in growth rates; thus, a fast recovery represents an essential step for proper growth of these animals. Considering that IRMS is a potential tool for non‐destructive sampling and the fact that it provides time‐integrated estimate of assimilated and not just ingested nutrients turned possible its application to evaluate the effects of dietary nucleotides and glutamate on carbon turnover (δ¹³C) in organs of weanling piglets. At day 0, three piglets were slaughtered (prior to diet switch), the remaining eighty‐four piglets weaned at 21‐day‐old were randomly assigned in a complete block design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments (two Nu levels: 0 and 0.1% and two Glu levels: 0 and 1%), being three piglets per treatment slaughtered on trial days 3, 6, 9, 14, 21, 35 and 49. The samples were analysed by IRMS and adjusted to first‐order equation by a non‐linear regression analysis using NLIN of SAS, in order to establish exponential graphics. After that, the turnover data were submitted to analysis of variance using GLM of SAS. The turnover value (t_95%) verified for spleen was faster (p < 0.05) when glutamate was supplemented in diets. For pancreas and liver, the turnover rates were faster (p < 0.05) for the mixture of additives. However, for renal tissue, the turnover rate (t_95%) was greater (p < 0.05) for the free additive diet. The results obtained suggest that the mixture of additives was more efficient to develop the digestive tract at post‐weaning phase, taking into account the functional importance of pancreas and liver for nutrients’ digestion and processing.  相似文献   

低糖野生种与高糖栽培种西瓜果实代谢产物组分差异分析     

崔霞霞  王亚钦  任毅  Alisdair R Fernie  Saleh Alseekh  何洪巨  宫国义  张海英  郭绍贵  张洁  许勇 《园艺学报》2018,45(4):775-783

采用高效液相色谱—串联质谱(UHPLC–MS/MS)技术对西瓜5份具有代表性的材料果实进行代谢产物分析,在此基础上选取栽培西瓜高糖材料‘97103’和野生西瓜低糖材料‘PI296341’,利用气相色谱—质谱联用(GC–MS)方法对主代谢产物进行定量分析。从成熟果实中定量鉴定出58种代谢物,其中22种在‘97103’和‘PI296341’间存在显著差异。韧皮部运输的棉籽糖在野生低糖材料果实中大量滞留,而在栽培高糖材料中极少积累。综合差异代谢物及其代谢途径分析发现,高糖材料‘97103’果实在水苏糖、棉籽糖等光合产物卸载途径及蔗糖积累代谢途径上的代谢产物积累较高;而低糖材料‘PI296341’,则在氨基酸代谢、有机酸代谢途径及6–磷酸葡萄糖等糖代谢途径上产物积累较高。这些发现为野生西瓜进化到栽培种果实品质的代谢产物积累和调控提供了重要依据,也可为提高西瓜品质提供指导。  相似文献   

Synergistic Effect of Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles and Natural Phenolic Compounds against Drug-Resistant Fish Pathogens and Their Cytotoxicity: An In Vitro Study     

Ehab Essawy  Mohamed S. Abdelfattah  Mansour El-Matbouli  Mona Saleh 《Marine drugs》2021,19(1)

Fish pathogens causing disease outbreaks represent a major threat to aquaculture industry and food security. The aim of the presented study is to develop safe and effective bioactive agents against two bacterial isolates: Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas fluorescens. We employed a broth microdilution method to investigate the antibacterial effect of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs); rutin, a natural flavonoid extracted from Ruta graveneoles; and heliomycin, a secondary metabolite produced by marine actinomycetes AB5, as monotherapeutic agents. Moreover, AgNPs in combination with rutin (AgNP + R) and heliomycin (AgNPs + H) were examined for their synergistic effect. The cytotoxic effect of individual bioactive compounds and in combination with AgNPs was investigated on epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) fish cell lines. Individual treatment of AgNPs, rutin, and heliomycin exhibited a dose-dependent antimicrobial activity against A. hydrophila and P. fluorescens. Rutin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) showed the lowest cytotoxicity when tested on EPC cell lines, while heliomycin MIC was highly cytotoxic. Combined subtherapeutic doses of AgNPs + R and AgNPs + H displayed additive and synergistic effects against A. hydrophila and P. fluorescens, respectively, with improved results and relative safety profile. The study findings demonstrate that a combination of AgNPs and natural bioactive compounds may represent novel therapeutics fighting fish pathogens potentially affecting the fish farming industry.  相似文献   

Yersinia ruckeri,the causative agent of enteric redmouth disease in fish     

Gokhlesh Kumar  Simon Menanteau-Ledouble  Mona Saleh  Mansour El-Matbouli 《Veterinary research》2015,46(1)

Enteric redmouth disease (ERM) is a serious septicemic bacterial disease of salmonid fish species. It is caused by Yersinia ruckeri, a Gram-negative rod-shaped enterobacterium. It has a wide host range, broad geographical distribution, and causes significant economic losses in the fish aquaculture industry. The disease gets its name from the subcutaneous hemorrhages, it can cause at the corners of the mouth and in gums and tongue. Other clinical signs include exophthalmia, darkening of the skin, splenomegaly and inflammation of the lower intestine with accumulation of thick yellow fluid. The bacterium enters the fish via the secondary gill lamellae and from there it spreads to the blood and internal organs. Y. ruckeri can be detected by conventional biochemical, serological and molecular methods. Its genome is 3.7 Mb with 3406–3530 coding sequences. Several important virulence factors of Y. ruckeri have been discovered, including haemolyin YhlA and metalloprotease Yrp1. Both non-specific and specific immune responses of fish during the course of Y. ruckeri infection have been well characterized. Several methods of vaccination have been developed for controlling both biotype 1 and biotype 2 Y. ruckeri strains in fish. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge regarding enteric redmouth disease and Y. ruckeri: diagnosis, genome, virulence factors, interaction with the host immune responses, and the development of vaccines against this pathogen.  相似文献   

Local plants as potential sources of tannins     

H. I. El Sissi  A. A. El Sissi  N. A. M. Saleh 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1965,12(4):390-396

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In vitro cultivation model for Heterosporis saurida (Microsporidia) isolated from lizardfish,Saurida undosquamis (Richardson)     

G Kumar  M Saleh  A‐A S Abdel‐Baki  S Al‐Quraishy  M El‐Matbouli 《Journal of fish diseases》2014,37(5):443-449

Heterosporis saurida is a microsporidian that infects lizardfish, Saurida undosquamis (Richardson, 1848), in the Arabian Sea. Spores were isolated from infected lizardfish and used to infect derived fish cell lines: common carp brain (CCB), epithelioma papulosum cyprinid (EPC), fathead minnow epithelial (FHM), rainbow trout gonad (RTG), bluegill fry (BF‐2) and chinook salmon embryo (CHSE). Non‐fish cell lines were also tested that include: insect (SF‐9), rabbit (RK‐13) and African green monkey (Vero E6). No growth of H. saurida was observed in any fish cell line, SF‐9 or Vero E6 cell lines. H. saurida spores grew only in RK‐13 cell line and were detected by immunofluorescence. Developmental stages of H. saurida were seen in RK‐13 cells by light and transmission electron microscopy, and species identification was confirmed by sequencing. This study demonstrated that H. saurida was able to proliferate in the mammalian RK‐13 cell line, which thus represents an in vitro model for conducting molecular genetics and cell–pathogen interaction studies of Heterosporis.  相似文献   

Yield,fruit quality and nutrient uptake of ‘Nabbut-Ahmar’ date palm grown in sandy loam soil as affected by NPK fertigation     

Adel D. Al-Qurashi  Saleh M. Ismail 《Journal of plant nutrition》2016,39(2):268-278

A field experiment was conducted in 2011 and 2012 to study the effect of fertigation on yield, fruit quality and nutrient uptake of ‘Nabbut-Ahmar’ date palm cultivar grown in sandy loam soil. Three fertigation treatments were compared with traditional application. In traditional treatment (CT), the recommended dose [2300 g nitrogen (N), 1200 g phosphorus (P) and 1400 g/tree] was applied as a soil broadcast in three equal doses. The fertigation treatments, (T2), (T3) and (T4), represent all nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK) amounts of CT, 2/3 CT and 1/3 CT, respectively that were injected in twelve equal doses. The results showed that compared to CT, the fertigation treatments increased yield/palm by 41%, 31% and 18% for T3, T2 and T4, respectively. Beside the increase in yield, 33% and 66% of the applied fertilizers were saved by T3 and T4, respectively, compared with CT. Feritgation treatments had no negative impact on the overall fruit quality characteristics and even increased total soluble solids (TSS), soluble tannins and total phenols concentrations compared to the conventional fertilization. Availability of NPK increased by fertigation but without further increase in leaves and fruit. In conclusion applying 2/3 of the recommended dose of NPK fertilizers under dry land condition through fertigation maximize yield, quality and fertilizer use efficiency.  相似文献   

Influence of single and multiple water application timings on yield and water use efficiency in tomato (var. First power)     

Saleh M. Ismail  Kiyoshi Ozawa 《Agricultural Water Management》2008,95(2):116-122

A greenhouse experiment was conducted at Japan International Research Center for Agriculture Science (JIRCAS), Okinawa Subtropical Station, Ishigaki, Japan with three multiple water application and two single water applications to study the effects of them on tomato yield, soil water content and water use efficiency. Multiple water application is a technique use to add the required amount of water during irrigation in multiple equal parts a day instead of one complete set (single water application) during the irrigation event. The multiple water application treatments were the day time (DT), day-night time (DNT) and night time (NT) while the single water application treatments were morning time (MT) and evening time (ET). In multiple water irrigation treatments the water was added to the soil into three equal parts. The supplied irrigation water was the same for all treatments and gradually increased with plant age to cover the crop water requirement during the growing season.The results revealed that multiple water application increased tomato yield by 5% over the highest yield of single water application. The DT treatment increased tomato yield by 5% and 15% compared to ET and MT treatments, respectively. For multiple water application, the DT was the best irrigation timing because it increases the tomato yield by 8% and 12% compared to DNT and NT, respectively. ET irrigation was better than MT irrigation for single water application. Multiple water application led to an increased in soil water content compared to single water application. By applying the same amount of water for all treatments, the DT treatment increased water use efficiency by 5-15% compared to ET and MT treatments of single water application. In conclusion, multiple water application is better than single water application and by choosing the proper irrigation timing, higher tomato yield resulting from efficient water management can be obtained.  相似文献   

Effect of tillage systems and polyacrylamide on soil physical properties and wheat grain yield in arid regions differing in fine soil particles     

Nidal H. Abu-Hamdeh  Saleh M. Ismail  Randa I. Hatamleh 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2019,65(2):182-196

A field study was performed for two consecutive seasons to evaluate the effect of polyacrylamide (PAM), tillage systems and particle size on soil physical properties and wheat grain yield. The PAM rates were 0, 10 and 20 kg ha^?1 while the tillage treatments included no-tillage (NT), moldboard plowing (CT1), and chisel plowing (CT2). Soil fine particles size of two locations were A (25.2 silt + clay) and B (38.5 silt + clay). Location B reported higher organic matter and total porosity while lower in bulk density. The CT1 and NT treatments denoted better soil organic matter percentage. The CT1 presented maximum infiltration rate compared to other tillage systems. No tillage showed better soil water contents while the minimum was in CT1 of location A and CT2 of location B. Increasing the PAM rate increased total porosity, infiltration rate and soil water content while decreased soil bulk density. Possibly, the presence of compacted layer in location A hindered the effect of PAM. At location B, the CT2 with PAM of 20 kg ha^?1 had the highest grain yield compared to other tillage systems. The PAM is beneficial for soil and water conservation and can be used in agriculture.  相似文献