Spectrophotometric and titrimetric determination of certain adrenergic drugs, using organic brominating agents     

M I Walash  A Abou Ouf  F B Salem 《Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists》1982,65(6):1445-1451

New oxidimetric titrants, bromamine T, dibromohydantoin, N-bromophthalimide, and N-bromosuccinimide, were applied to the determination of ephedrine.HCl, norephedrine.HCl, and methyldopa. Direct potentiometric and visual indicator titration methods as well as back-titration procedures have been developed for their determination. Oxidation of ephedrine and norephedrine produces benzaldehyde, which is extracted from pH 11.0 phosphate buffer with ether or hexane and determined spectrophotometrically at 242 nm. Beer's law is obeyed in the concentration range from 0.2 to 2 mg ephedrine.HCl and from 0.15 to 1.9 mg norephedrine.HCl. Methyldopa is determined titrimetrically and spectrophotometrically. In addition, this drug acts as a self-indicator: Solutions change from colorless to red, which gradually disappears with continuous addition of brominating agent and shaking. Phosphate buffer is used to produce adrenochrome, characterized by its pink color which can be measured at 485 nm in a working range from 40 to 650 micrograms.  相似文献   

Zur Empfindlichkeit verschiedener Kulturpflanzenarten gegenüber dem Befall durch Meloidogyne javanica (Treub) und M. incognita acrita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood (Nematoda,Heteroderidae)     

M. E. Abdel Hamid  H. H. Ramadan  Dr. F. M. Salem  G. Y. Osman 《Journal of pest science》1981,54(6):81-82

Zusammenfassung Baumwolle, Weizen, Mais, Sojabohne, Zwiebel, Kichererbse und Sesam wurden hinsichtlich ihrer Anfälligkeit gegen die WurzelnematodenMeloidogyne javanica undM. incognita incrita untersucht. Sesam und Mais waren gegen beide Nematodenarten resistent. Baumwolle wurde vonM. javanica nicht befallen. Dagegen wurden Zwiebel und Sojabohne von diesem Nematoden stark geschädigt. Die statistische Analyse zeigte signifikante Befallsunterschiede zwischen den Wirtspflanzen undMeloidogyne-Arten.

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Susceptibility of certain field crops to some Nematoda infection, Meloidogyne javanica (Treub) and M. incognita acrita (Kofoid & White) chitwood

Varietal susceptibility of certain field crops were tested. Sesame and maize were resistant toM. javanica andM. incognita acrita infection. Cotton was resistant toM. javanica only. Onion and soybean were highly infected withM. javanica in comparison with the other tested hosts. Soybean also was highly infected withM. incognita acrita. Wheat showed the presence of the lowest of nematode population of the two species on its roots. Severity of galls was paralleled to the mentioned nematode populations.Statistical analysis of the data indicates that there were significant differences between the tested hosts. Also, the interaction between nematode species and hosts was significant.

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Mit 2 Tabellen  相似文献   

The use of Bacillus thuringiensis to control two lepidopterous insect pests (Agrotis ypsilon and Spodoptera littoralis)     

Prof. Dr. H. S. Salama  F. N. Zaki  S. Salem  M. Ragaei 《Journal of pest science》1995,68(1):15-17

An area of 50 feddans cultivated with soybeans was treated withBacillus thuringiensis (B.t.) baits againstAgrotis ypsilon and 60 feddans were sprayed withB.t. spray againstSpodoptera littoralis. WhenB.t. baits were used, the percentage of kill ofA. ypsilon reached 96.1–96.4% compared to 97.4–98% kill on using hostathion baits. WhenB.t. was sprayed againstS. littoralis, a percentage of larval kill 88.3% was obtained. This increased to 97.3% after the second application. On the other hand, the precentage of kill reached 96.8% when lannate was sprayed once. The average yield was 1.54 tons/fed. whenB.t. was sprayed twice againstS. littoralis and 1.42 tons/fed. when sprayed once. Areas, treated with lannate gave 1.44 tons/fed., while in the untreated area the yield was comparatively low being 0.83 tons/fed.Mith 4 tables  相似文献   

Estimation of heterotic components for lactation traits and reproductive performance in three crossbreeding trials of Holstein cattle with German Friesian raised under hot climatic conditions     

M. H. Khalil  E. A. Afifi  M. A. Salem  S. M. Zahed 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2000,117(2):129-142

Lactation traits and reproductive performance of three trials of crossing Holstein cattle (H) and German Friesians (F) raised in a hot climatic were evaluated. The first 90-day (M90), 305-day (M305) and total milk yield (TMY), 305-day milk yield per day of calving interval (MCI1), total milk yield per day of calving interval (MCI2) along with length of lactation period (LP), age at first calving (AC1) and calving interval (CI) were used. For these traits, a genetic model was applied for each trial separately to obtain estimates of individual (G^I) and maternal (G^M) additive effects, individual (H^I) and maternal (H^M) heterosis and individual recombination effect (R^I). Data of 8045 normal lactations from the three trials were analysed. Among the crossbreds obtained in the three trials, cows of ¾H¼F ranked first in their lactational performance. Estimates of G^I and G^M were generally large and in favour of H cows (daughters) and dams for most milk-yield traits, CI and AC1 in the three trials. Estimates of H^I in crossbred cows for milk traits, CI and AC1 were mostly negative and reveal that crossing F with H was associated with a reduction in milk-yield traits, shorter CI and earlier AC1 along with longer LP in the three trials. Estimates of H^M for milk yields, LP, AC1 and CI in daughters of crossbred dams were mostly negative. Recombination losses in crossbred cows were negative for milk-yield traits, AC1 and CI in most cases.  相似文献   

Ruminal and salivary concentration of some sulphonamides in cows and their effect on rumen flora     

M Atef  A A Salem  S A Al-Samarrae  S A Zafer 《Research in veterinary science》1979,27(1):9-14

Sulphadiazine, sulphatiazole and sulphamerazine were shown to be excreted through the ruminal wall and salivary glands of cows. These sulphonamides had a slight inhibitory effect on cellulose digestion and on the activity of rumen infusoria. Acetylation of the sulphonamides occurred to a slight extent. Sulphatiazole was more acetylated (16.2 per cent) than sulphadiazine (7.0 per cent) or sulphamerazine (8.4 per cent). The rate of elimination of the three compounds, as indicated by their half lives, showed that sulphathiazole was the most rapidly excreted (2 h), whereas sulphadiazine and sulphamerazine were more slowly excreted, 5.4 and 7.1 h respectively.  相似文献   

Dual purpose cattle production in Mexico     

R. Rojo-Rubio  J. F. Vázquez-Armijo  P. Pérez-Hernández  G. D. Mendoza-Martínez  A. Z. M. Salem  B. Albarrán-Portillo  A. González-Reyna  J. Hernández-Martínez  S. Rebollar-Rebollar  D. Cardoso-Jiménez  E. J. Dorantes-Coronado  J. G. Gutierrez-Cedillo 《Tropical animal health and production》2009,41(5):715-721

Cattle production is one of the most important livestock activities in the rural areas of Mexico, with most of the national territory dedicated to it, in addition to the use of the most agricultural supplies and forages resources, as well as agricultural and agro-industrial by-products. Mexico is placed among the ten first meat and milk producer countries worldwide, being the Mexican tropical zone one of the main suppliers of such products. One of the main milk sources is the dual purpose cattle, such systems can be described as those that produce milk (daily milking) and meat (calf after weaning), on every productive cycle. They are mainly located in developing regions and characterized by using low-technology and in poor environments, consequently productive levels are considered low. Milk is destined for self-consumption or for sale at local markets and calf after weaning is sold at local feedlots or for export. Regarding to the little information available about the dual purpose systems, the present work is intended to discuss the main characteristics of cattle production in dual purpose systems in Mexico.  相似文献   

Replacement of berseem hay by Salix tetrasperma on physiological performance of New Zealand White rabbits under subtropical conditions of Egypt     

Salma H. AbuHafsa  Ayman A. Hassan  Luis M. Camacho  Abdelfattah Z. M. Salem 《Tropical animal health and production》2014,46(7):1119-1125

Forty-eight growing New Zealand White male rabbits aged 6 weeks (874?±?1.3 g initial body weight (BW)) were used to study effects of partial replacement of berseem hay (BH) with Salix tetrasperma hay (ST) on growth and physiological responses. Rabbits were allotted to one of four diets of 12 rabbits each for 75 days in a completely randomized design. The treatments were as follows: control (30 % BH), ST25 (7.5 % ST?+?22.5 % BH), ST50 (15 % ST?+?15 % BH), ST75 (22.5 % ST?+?7.5 % BH). Nutrient digestibility coefficients, nutritive value and N utilization of rabbits fed with the ST50 rations were higher (P?P?P??ST25 and ST50?>?control. Glucose level was higher (P?P?P?相似文献   

Identification of a novel gill-specific calpain from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)     

M. Salem  C. E. Rexroad  J. Yao 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2006,32(1):1-6

Calpains are calcium-dependent neutral proteases responsible for many cellular functions. The two forms of calpain ubiquitously expressed in mammalian tissues are known as μ-calpain and m-calpain. We report here the identification of a novel calpain that is similar to but distinct from the μ- and m-calpains in rainbow trout. The cDNA of the novel gene is 2623 bp in length with a single open reading frame. The predicted protein (676 amino acids) contains the conserved calpain characteristic domains that include: domain I (pro peptide), II (cysteine catalytic site), III (electrostatic switch), and IV (calmodulin-like) with five Ca²⁺-binding EF hands. Northern blot and RT-PCR analyses demonstrated that the novel calpain gene is predominantly expressed in rainbow trout gills. Comparison of the novel protein with the ubiquitously expressed calpains and several mammalian tissue-specific calpains revealed that the novel calpain is an orthologue of the mammalian digestive tract specific calpain (calpain 9).  相似文献   

Antibacterial effect of carbon nanofibers containing Ag nanoparticles     

Hany S. Abdo  Khalil Abdelrazek Khalil  Salem S. Al-Deyab  Hamoud Altaleb  El-Sayed M. Sherif 《Fibers and Polymers》2013,14(12):1985-1992

Silver nanoparticles imbedded in polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers and converted into carbon nanofibers by calcination was obtained in a simple three-step process. The first step involves conversion of silver ions to metallic silver nanoparticles, through reduction of silver nitrate with dilute solution of PAN. The second step involves electrospinning of viscous PAN solution containing silver nanoparticles, thus obtaining PAN nanofibers containing silver nanoparticles. The third step was converting PAN/Ag composites into carbon nanofibers containing silver nanoparticles. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the diameter of the nanofibers ranged between 200 and 800 nm. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) showed silver nanoparticles dispersed on the surface of the carbon nanofibers. The obtained fiber was fully characterized by measuring and comparing the FTIR spectra and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) diagrams of PAN nanofiber with and without imbedded silver nanoparticles, in order to show the effect of silver nanoparticles on the electrospun fiber properties. The obtained carbon/Ag composites were tested as gram-class-independent antibacterial agent. The electrosorption of different salt solutions with the fabricated carbon/Ag composite film electrodes was studied.  相似文献   

Satisfactory Control of Echinochloa crus-galli in Rice Nurseries     

M. K. Zahran  K. G. Salem 《国际虫害防治杂志》2013,59(3):373-375

Abstract

In field-scale trials at Hamoul in the north of the Nile delta in 1967 and 1968, certain herbicides applied to a soil heavily infested with barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) gave very satisfactory results. Taking into account both grass control and increase in rice stand, molinate and propanil at 3-4 Ib/feddan* were shown to be most effective. Molinate used either as a liquid or granular formulation gave excellent results when applied pre-flood (liquid) or post-emergence (liquid and granules). Propanil used post-emergence gave good results provided that the field was drained 24 hours before treatment and flooded again 24 hours after.  相似文献