A rapid real-time PCR assay for detecting columnar growth in apples (Malus × domestica)     

Jana Cmejlova  Radek Vavra  Radek Cmejla 《Plant Breeding》2020,139(6):1244-1250

Columnar growth in apples can have considerable positive consequences for orchard maintenance, but the lack of columnar cultivars producing fruits with desired market quality prevents their broader utilization in orchards. New crossings focused on their breeding are therefore conducted throughout the world every year. Unfortunately, the reliable discrimination between columnar growth and normal phenotype is difficult until seedlings are 2–3 years of age. However, molecular marker–assisted selection (MAS) can be used in seedlings several weeks old providing immense help in breeding programmes focused on columnar apple production. Here, we describe a rapid and reliable method for the detection of both wild-type (WT) and columnar (Co) alleles originating from ‘McIntosh Wijcik’ in a single reaction using a real-time PCR allelic discrimination approach. Our assay was tested in 130 genotypes (80 normal and 50 columnar habit) from various crossings and their parents, and in all cases, genotype corresponded to phenotype. The assay is thus suitable for laboratories interested in high-throughput MAS for columnar tree habit breeding.  相似文献   

Uranium diffusion and time‐dependent adsorption–desorption in soil: A model and experimental testing of the model     

Jana Darmovzalova  Andrea Boghi  Wilfred Otten  Lorna J. Eades  Tiina Roose  Guy J. D. Kirk 《European Journal of Soil Science》2020,71(2):215-225

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Absorption of proinflammatory cytokines from inflamed porcine uterus into the uterine venous blood--preliminary data     

Kucharski J  Stefańczyk-Krzymowska S  Jana B 《Polish journal of veterinary sciences》2008,11(1):9-16

The aim of the present study was to estimate the absorption of 125I-labeled proinflammatory cytokines--interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) from inflamed porcine uterus into the uterine venous blood. Moreover, in order to test the hypothesis that the above cytokines penetrate directly into ovaries and oviduct via local destination transfer in the area of the ovarian vascular pedicle and bypassing the systemic circulation, the concentration of IL-1beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha in ovarian and oviductal tissues was also studied. These cytokine concentrations were also estimated in the ovarian venous blood. IL-1beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha from both control and inflamed uteri were absorbed into the uterine venous blood, but it was higher (P < 0.05-0.001) from the pathologically changed uteri. The uterine tissues, particularly the endometrium, of both control and inflamed uteri retained all studied cytokines, but to a higher degree (P < 0.001) in the inflamed uteri. Injections of IL-1beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha into the control and inflammatory changed uteri produced the presence of these proteins in the ovary and oviduct. However, the concentrations of IL-1beta and IL-6 in the ovarian and oviductal tissues was low after injections of control and inflamed uteri with these cytokines. In turn, administration of TNF-alpha into the inflammatory changed uteri lead to an enhancement in the concentration of this cytokine in the ovarian parenchyma (P < 0.05) and oviduct (P < 0.001). All studied cytokines were found in the ovarian venous blood after their injection into both control and inflamed uteri, which indicated its local destination transfer to the ovary. However, the concentration of cytokines increased (P <0.05-0.001) in the gilts with pathologically changed uteri as compared to controls. The study showed that both control and inflamed porcine uteri absorbed IL-1beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha into the uterine venous blood, but the values of absorbed cytokines from inflamed uteri were higher. Moreover, the quantity and the manner of the studied cytokineS absorption into the uterine venous blood differed.  相似文献   

Preface     

Sakti Jana 《Agroforestry Systems》2003,59(1):1-2

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Detection and quantification of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tomato mosaic virus</Emphasis> in irrigation waters     

Jana Boben  Petra Kramberger  Nataša Petrovič  Katarina Cankar  Matjaž Peterka  Aleš Štrancar  Maja Ravnikar 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2007,118(1):59-71

A quantitative RT real-time PCR method was developed for the detection and quantification of Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) in irrigation waters. These have rarely been monitored for the presence of plant pathogenic viruses, mostly due to the lack of efficient and sensitive detection methods. The newly developed method presented here offers a novel approach in monitoring the health status of environmental waters. ToMV was reliably detected at as low as 12 viral particles per real-time PCR reaction, which corresponds to the initial concentration of approximately 4.2 × 10^?10 mg (6,300 viral particles) of ToMV per ml of sample. The sensitivity of the method was further improved by including the Convective Interaction Media^® (CIM) monolithic chromatographic columns for quick and efficient concentration of original water samples. Seven out of nine water sources from different locations in Slovenia tested positive for ToMV, after concentrating the sample. Four samples tested ToMV-positive without the concentrating procedure. The presence and integrity of infective ToMV particles in the original sample, as well as in the chromatographic fraction, was confirmed using different methods from test plants, DAS ELISA to electron microscopy and real-time PCR. In this study, we propose a unique and simple diagnostic scheme for rapid, efficient, and sensitive monitoring of irrigation waters that could also be adopted for other plant, human or animal viruses.  相似文献   

Substrate-controlled succession of marine bacterioplankton populations induced by a phytoplankton bloom     

Teeling H  Fuchs BM  Becher D  Klockow C  Gardebrecht A  Bennke CM  Kassabgy M  Huang S  Mann AJ  Waldmann J  Weber M  Klindworth A  Otto A  Lange J  Bernhardt J  Reinsch C  Hecker M  Peplies J  Bockelmann FD  Callies U  Gerdts G  Wichels A  Wiltshire KH  Glöckner FO  Schweder T  Amann R 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,336(6081):608-611

Phytoplankton blooms characterize temperate ocean margin zones in spring. We investigated the bacterioplankton response to a diatom bloom in the North Sea and observed a dynamic succession of populations at genus-level resolution. Taxonomically distinct expressions of carbohydrate-active enzymes (transporters; in particular, TonB-dependent transporters) and phosphate acquisition strategies were found, indicating that distinct populations of Bacteroidetes, Gammaproteobacteria, and Alphaproteobacteria are specialized for successive decomposition of algal-derived organic matter. Our results suggest that algal substrate availability provided a series of ecological niches in which specialized populations could bloom. This reveals how planktonic species, despite their seemingly homogeneous habitat, can evade extinction by direct competition.  相似文献   

Antinociceptive effects after oral administration of tramadol hydrochloride in Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis)     

D Sanchez-Migallon Guzman  MJ Souza  JM Braun  SK Cox  NS Keuler  JR Paul-Murphy 《American journal of veterinary research》2012,73(8):1148-1152

Objective-To evaluate antinociceptive effects on thermal thresholds after oral administration of tramadol hydrochloride to Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis). Animals-15 healthy adult Hispaniolan Amazon parrots. Procedures-2 crossover experiments were conducted. In the first experiment, 15 parrots received 3 treatments (tramadol at 2 doses [10 and 20 mg/kg] and a control suspension) administered orally. In the second experiment, 11 parrots received 2 treatments (tramadol hydrochloride [30 mg/kg] and a control suspension) administered orally. Baseline thermal foot withdrawal threshold was measured 1 hour before drug or control suspension administration; thermal foot withdrawal threshold was measured after administration at 0.5, 1.5, 3, and 6 hours (both experiments) and also at 9 hours (second experiment only). Results-For the first experiment, there were no overall effects of treatment, hour, period, or any interactions. For the second experiment, there was an overall effect of treatment, with a significant difference between tramadol hydrochloride and control suspension (mean change from baseline, 2.00° and -0.09°C, respectively). There also was a significant change from baseline for tramadol hydrochloride at 0.5, 1.5, and 6 hours after administration but not at 3 or 9 hours after administration. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Tramadol at a dose of 30 mg/kg, PO, induced thermal antinociception in Hispaniolan Amazon parrots. This dose was necessary for induction of significant and sustained analgesic effects, with duration of action up to 6 hours. Further studies with other types of noxious stimulation, dosages, and intervals are needed to fully evaluate the analgesic effects of tramadol hydrochloride in psittacines.  相似文献   

Comparative analysis of genetic diversity in Prunus L. as revealed by RAPD and SSR markers     

Miroslav Baránek  Jana RaddováMiroslav Pidra 《Scientia Horticulturae》2006

RAPD and SSR markers were used for genetic diversity evaluations among 15 genotypes selected from the genus Prunus L. Altogether 40 RAPD primers and 21 primer pairs designated for microsatellite loci were applied on the whole group of genotypes.  相似文献   

Ultrastructure of pigmented photoreceptor of adult Crepidostomum metoecus (Trematoda: Digenea: Bunoderidae)     

Zd'árská Z  Nebesárová J 《Folia parasitologica》2002,49(2):165-166

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Landscape cohesion: an index for the conservation potential of landscapes for biodiversity   总被引：14，自引：6，他引：14  

Paul Opdam  Jana Verboom  Rogier Pouwels 《Landscape Ecology》2003,18(2):113-126

In urbanising landscapes, planning for sustainable biodiversity occurs in a context of multifunctional land use. Important conditions for species persistence are habitat quality, the amount and configuration of habitat and the permeability of the landscape matrix. For planning purposes, these determinants should be integrated into simple indicators for spatial conditions of persistence probability. We propose a framework of three related indices. The cohesion index is based on the ecology of metapopulations in a habitat network. We discuss how an indicator for species persistence in such a network could be developed. To translate this network index into an area index, we propose the concept of spatial cohesion. Habitat cohesion and spatial cohesion are defined and measured for single species or, at best, for species profiles. Since species differ in their perception of the same landscape, different species will rate different values of these indices for the same landscape. Because landscapes are rarely planned for single species, we further propose the index of landscape cohesion, which integrates the spatial cohesion indices of different species. Indices based on these concepts can be built into GIS tools for landscape assessment. We illustrate different applications of these indices, and emphasise the distinction between ecological and political decisions in developing and applying such tools. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献