Selection for Fungicide Resistance Within a Growing Season in Field Populations of Phytophthora infestans at the Center of Origin     

Grünwald NJ  Sturbaum AK  Montes GR  Serrano EG  Lozoya-Saldaña H  Fry WE 《Phytopathology》2006,96(12):1397-1403

ABSTRACT The central highlands of Mexico should provide an optimal testing ground for evaluating the potential threat of selection for resistance to fungicides in the population of Phytophthora infestans. We evaluated the hypotheses that exposure to the fungicides azoxystrobin, cymoxanil, dimethomorph, fluazinam, mancozeb, metalaxyl, and propamocarb hydrochloride would lead to (i) a shift in the sensitivity distributions (i.e., selection) and (ii) a lower genotypic diversity of the population. We compared populations from unsprayed plots with populations that had been exposed to several applications of each of the fungicides within a single field season. This study provides novel baseline data and shows that the Toluca valley P. infestans population has a wide range of sensitivities to the fungicides fluazinam, cymoxanil, dimethomorph, metalaxyl, and propamocarb. Directional selection toward resistance combined with a reduction in genetic diversity of the P. infestans population was observed only for the fungicide metalaxyl. The results obtained provide direct experimental support for continuing vigilance regarding further introductions of exotic strains of P. infestans into the United States.  相似文献   

Feeding high inclusion of whole grain white lupin (Lupinus albus) to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): effects on growth,nutrient digestibility,liver and intestine histology and muscle fatty acid composition     

Aliro Borquez  Edison Serrano  Patricio Dantagnan  Jaime Carrasco  Adrian Hernandez 《Aquaculture Research》2011,42(8):1067-1078

The effect of dietary inclusion of whole grain white lupin (Lupinus albus) on growth performance, histology, muscle fatty acid composition and nutrient digestibility was investigated in an 11‐week growth and a 4‐week digestibility trial with rainbow trout (initial body weight of 54.0 ± 6.2 and 181.9 ± 3.4 g respectively). Four experimental extruded diets were formulated to contain 0%, 30%, 40% and 50% of whole grain lupin and fed to triplicate groups of fish twice a day until apparent satiation. Faeces were collected daily from each digestibility tank by decantation. No significant trends were observed with respect to growth, feed utilization, apparent digestibility coefficients or whole‐body composition (P>0.05). Conversely, increasing levels of dietary lupin led to significant decreases in the Hepatosomatic index (R²=0.75, P<0.05) and slight lipid infiltration into hepatocytes and enterocytes. Muscle fatty acid compositions were slightly affected by the dietary treatment. Polynomial regression of dietary inclusion of lupin and muscle fatty acid concentrations showed an increase in C18:1n‐9, C18:2n‐6 and C18:3n‐3 and a decrease in C20:5n‐3 with increasing dietary lupin level. These results demonstrated that whole grain lupin can be included up to 50% in commercial rainbow trout diets without negative effects.  相似文献   

Recombinant PirA‐like toxin protects shrimp against challenge with Vibrio parahaemolyticus,the aetiological agent of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease          下载免费PDF全文

A I Campa‐Córdova  A F León‐Gallo  A Romero‐Maldonado  A C Ibarra‐Serrano  S Rosales‐Mendoza  I Hirono  C Angulo 《Journal of fish diseases》2017,40(11):1725-1729

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Co‐occurrence of V1016I and F1534C mutations in the voltage‐gated sodium channel and resistance to pyrethroids in Aedes aegypti (L.) from the Colombian Caribbean region     

Ronald Maestre‐Serrano  Paula Pareja‐Loaiza  Doris Gomez Camargo  Gustavo Ponce‐García  Adriana E Flores 《Pest management science》2019,75(6):1681-1688

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Technogenic deposits formed from dredged sediments deposition: toxic effects on earthworms     

Vezzone  Mariana  Cesar  Ricardo  Polivanov  Helena  Lourenço  Rodrigo  Teixeira  Matheus  Serrano  Aline  Castilhos  Zuleica  de Campos  Tácio 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2020,20(11):3994-4006

Journal of Soils and Sediments - Dredged sediments are often disposed on land areas and can cause adverse effects on soil biota, since these materials generally may contain toxic agents. This work...  相似文献   

Stock assessment of the blue jack mackerel,Trachurus picturatus,in the North‐eastern Atlantic          下载免费PDF全文

Joana Vasconcelos  Ricardo Sousa  Rodrigo Riera  João Delgado  Graça Faria  Leonel Serrano Gordo 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》2018,25(4):233-239

A total of 49,151 blue jack mackerel, Trachurus picturatus, (Bowdich) was collected in Madeira Island (North‐eastern Atlantic) between 2002 and 2016 to evaluate possible influence of fishing on landings and reproductive parameters. A decreasing trend in the length composition was observed over the study period and length at first maturity decreased by 2.78 cm TL. Maximum yield per recruit decreased from 2002 to 2016 but the corresponding fishing mortality was constant (F_max = 0.4/year). Considering the fishing mortality level in 2016, it is evident that the stock may be exploited beyond its sustainability limit. Amendments of the purse‐seine fishing regulations and implementation of measures to reduce fishing effort are suggested.  相似文献   

Migration performance of wild and hatchery sea trout (Salmo trutta L.) smolts—Implications for compensatory hatchery programs     

Ignacio Serrano  Stefan Larsson  Lars-Ove Eriksson 《Fisheries Research》2009,99(3):210-215

Migration success of hatchery-reared and wild sea trout smolts through the lower stretches and the estuary of a Baltic Sea river were studied. During 3 years, wild and hatchery trout smolts were implanted with acoustic transmitters and released 14 km upstream from the river mouth. In order to monitor their out-migration pattern, acoustic receivers were deployed along the migratory route. Data on number of fish detected and date and time of detections were analysed and the migratory performance of wild and hatchery-reared fish was compared. A significantly higher proportion of wild fish (80%) successfully migrated to the coast compared to fish of hatchery origin (27.5%) and migration was faster in wild smolts. Hatchery fish were larger and had a higher condition factor and lipid concentrations, which are proposed as possible reasons for the poorer migratory performance of the hatchery-reared fish.  相似文献   

Epidemiology and microevolution of Phytophthora ramorum during a controlled disease outbreak in a simulated plant production facility     

M. S. Serrano  C. Eyre  M. Garbelotto 《Plant pathology》2020,69(2):320-333

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Sap flow of three co-occurring Mediterranean woody species under varying atmospheric and soil water conditions     

Martínez-Vilalta J  Mangirón M  Ogaya R  Sauret M  Serrano L  Peñuelas J  Piñol J 《Tree physiology》2003,23(11):747-758

We studied the seasonal patterns of water use in three woody species co-occurring in a holm oak forest in northeastern Spain. The three species studied, Quercus ilex L., Phillyrea latifolia L. and Arbutus unedo L., constitute more than 99% of the total basal area of the forest. The study period included the dry seasons of 1999 and 2000. Water use was estimated with Granier-type sap flux sensors. Standard meteorological variables, soil water content and leaf water potentials were also monitored. All monitored individuals reduced leaf-related sap flow (Q(l)) during the summer, concurrent with an increase in soil moisture deficit (SMD). Despite similar maximum Q(l) between species, the decline in Q(l) with increasing SMD was species-dependent. The average reduction in Q(l) between early summer and the peak of the drought was 74% for A. unedo (n = 3), 58% for P. latifolia (n = 3) and 87% for Q. ilex (n = 1). The relationship between canopy stomatal conductance (G(s)) and vapor pressure deficit (D) changed during the course of the drought, with progressively lower G(s) for any given D. Summertime reductions of Q(l) and G(s) were associated with between-species differences in vulnerability to xylem embolism, and with the corresponding degree of native embolism (lowest in P. latifolia and highest in Q. ilex). Our results, combined with previous studies in the same area, outlined differences among the species studied in manner of responding to water shortage, with P. latifolia able to maintain water transport at much lower water potentials than the other two species. In an accompanying experiment, A. unedo responded to an experimental reduction in water availability by reducing Q(l) during the summer. This species also modified its water use between years according to the different seasonal patterns of precipitation. These results are discussed in relation to the possible impacts that climate change will have on Q. ilex-dominated forests.  相似文献   

Changes in HSP gene and protein expression in natural scrapie with brain damage     

Serrano C  Bolea R  Lyahyai J  Filali H  Varona L  Marcos-Carcavilla A  Acín C  Calvo JH  Serrano M  Badiola JJ  Zaragoza P  Martín-Burriel I 《Veterinary research》2011,42(1):13

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