Visualizing gas molecules interacting with supported nanoparticulate catalysts at reaction conditions     

Yoshida H  Kuwauchi Y  Jinschek JR  Sun K  Tanaka S  Kohyama M  Shimada S  Haruta M  Takeda S 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,335(6066):317-319

Understanding how molecules can restructure the surfaces of heterogeneous catalysts under reaction conditions requires methods that can visualize atoms in real space and time. We applied a newly developed aberration-corrected environmental transmission electron microscopy to show that adsorbed carbon monoxide (CO) molecules caused the {100} facets of a gold nanoparticle to reconstruct during CO oxidation at room temperature. The CO molecules adsorbed at the on-top sites of gold atoms in the reconstructed surface, and the energetic favorability of this reconstructed structure was confirmed by ab initio calculations and image simulations. This atomic-scale visualizing method can be applied to help elucidate reaction mechanisms in heterogeneous catalysis.  相似文献   

Effect of mosapride on prednisolone-induced gastric mucosal injury and gastric-emptying disorder in dog     

Tsukamoto A  Ohno K  Maeda S  Nakashima K  Fukushima K  Fujino Y  Hori M  Tsujimoto H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2012,74(9):1103-1108

Previous report demonstrated that prokinetic agent mosapride has anti-ulcerogenic action in rat-indomethacin gastric mucosal injury model. Here, we assessed the prophylactic effect of mosapride on gastric mucosal injury and emptying disorder induced by prednisolone in dogs. Crossover study design was employed. Six healthy beagles were administered prednisolone alone (2 mg/kg, twice a day [BID] subcutaneously) and prednisolone with mosapride (1 mg/kg, BID, orally), followed by an interval of at least 6 weeks. In each treatment, gastric mucosal injury was scored endoscopically according to the modified Lanza scale, and gastric emptying was assessed with (13)C-octanoic acid breath test. The incidence of gastrointestinal adverse events was also investigated. Coadministration of mosapride with prednisolone significantly (P<0.05) reduced the gastric mucosal injury score (mean ± SD, 17.67 ± 6.96), compared with that of prednisolone treatment alone (25.50 ± 13.03). Prednisolone treatment delayed the half-emptying time (184 ± 45 min) compared with that of controls (137 ± 19 min), and coadministration of mosapride improved this gastric-emptying delay (143 ± 29 min). Furthermore, the incidence of the gastrointestinal adverse event vomiting became less frequent upon coadministration with mosapride. In addition to its prokinetic action, our study suggests that mosapride has an anti-ulcerogenic action in dogs. The use of mosapride in combination with prednisolone is effective for attenuating prednisolone-induced gastrointestinal adverse events.  相似文献   

First case of salivary mucocele originating from the minor salivary gland of the soft palate in a dog     

Watanabe K  Miyawaki S  Kanayama M  Takagi M  Murakami M  Sugikata Y  Yamazoe K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2012,74(1):71-74

We found a case of salivary mucocele that originated in the minor salivary gland (palatine gland) of the soft palate in a dog. At first admission, the soft palate swelled remarkably. Computed tomography (CT) revealed cystic radiolucency inside a large quantity of liquid in the soft palate, and most of the airway was occupied. Marsupialization was performed, but since a recurrence was observed one month later, the salivary mucocele was removed. There has been no report of salivary mucocele arising from the minor salivary gland of the soft palate in dogs. To our knowledge, this case is the first. Complete removal, including minor salivary glands surrounding the lesion, is necessary for treatment of salivary mucocele in dogs.  相似文献   

Molecular cloning and expression analysis of the canine chemokine receptor CCR9     

Maeda S  Ohno K  Tsukamoto A  Nakashima K  Fukushima K  Goto-Koshino Y  Fujino Y  Tsujimoto H 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2012,145(1-2):534-539

The chemokine receptor CCR9, which interacts with the thymus-expressed chemokine TECK/CCL25, contributes to the localization of lymphocytes to the small intestine, and is implicated in the development of human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); however, their role in canine IBD is unknown. The objective of this study was to isolate cDNA encoding CCR9 and to investigate CCR9 expression in normal canine tissues and lymphoid cell lines. The complete open reading frame contained 1104 bp, encoding 367 amino acids, with 85% and 81% identity to human and mouse homologs, respectively. CCR9 mRNA was detected in all tissues investigated with the highest expression level in the small intestine. CCR9 mRNA was also expressed in GL-1, a canine B cell leukemia cell line, but not in CLBL-1, a canine B cell lymphoma cell line. Immunoblot and flow cytometry analyses of these cell lines using an anti-human CCR9 monoclonal antibody revealed that CCR9 protein expression was detected only in GL-1, indicating the cross-reactivity of the antibody. Using the antibody, flow cytometry showed that the proportions of CCR9(+) cells were small (mean, 4.88%; SD, 2.15%) in the normal canine PBMCs. This study will be useful in understanding canine intestinal immunity and the immunopathogenesis of canine IBD.  相似文献   

Pole and global shape of 25143 Itokawa     

Demura H  Kobayashi S  Nemoto E  Matsumoto N  Furuya M  Yukishita A  Muranaka N  Morita H  Shirakawa K  Maruya M  Ohyama H  Uo M  Kubota T  Hashimoto T  Kawaguchi J  Fujiwara A  Saito J  Sasaki S  Miyamoto H  Hirata N 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,312(5778):1347-1349

The locations of the pole and rotation axis of asteroid 25143 Itokawa were derived from Asteroid Multiband Imaging Camera data on the Hayabusa spacecraft. The retrograde pole orientation had a right ascension of 90.53 degrees and a declination of -66.30 degrees (52000 equinox) or equivalently 128.5 degrees and -89.66 degrees in ecliptic coordinates with a 3.9 degrees margin of error. The surface area is 0.393 square kilometers, the volume is 0.018378 cubic kilometers with a 5% margin of error, and the three axis lengths are 535 meters by 294 meters by 209 meters. The global Itokawa revealed a boomerang-shaped appearance composed of two distinct parts with partly faceted regions and a constricted ring structure.  相似文献   

Essential thrombocythemia in a dog     

Mizukoshi T  Fujino Y  Yasukawa K  Matumoto H  Matsumura S  Nagasaki T  Ohno K  Tsujimoto H  Shimoda T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(11):1203-1206

A two-year old male Welsh Corgi was referred for persistent thrombocytosis and occasional seizure. Hematological findings indicated marked thrombocytosis, eosinophilia, basophilia and moderate anemia. Bone marrow examination revealed marked megakaryocytic hyperplasia with morphologic abnormality. A diagnosis of essential thrombocythemia was made and the treatment was initiated with combination chemotherapy and maintained by prednisolone and busulfan. The dog successfully achieved complete remission on 100 days after initial presentation and has been good in health without chemotherapy since then.  相似文献   

Generation of canine dendritic cells from peripheral blood monocytes without using purified cytokines   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Wijewardana V  Sugiura K  Oichi T  Fujimoto M  Akazawa T  Hatoya S  Inaba M  Ikehara S  Jayaweera TS  Inaba T 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2006,114(1-2):37-48

Dendritic cells (DCs), which differentiate in vitro from peripheral blood monocytes (PBMOs) or bone marrow precursors, are a promising candidate for immunotherapy against cancer. The dog, which suffers common types of cancers along with humans, make an ideal large animal model for cancer studies. Monocyte-derived DCs in the dog have not been well characterized, however, since the appropriate condition for in vitro differentiation has not been established. To tackle this problem, we have developed a conditioned media by culturing T cells with immobilized anti-canine CD3 antibody, and sought to induce differentiation of DCs from PBMOs. When purified CD14+ PBMOs were cultured in the presence of 25% T cell conditioned medium (TCCM), the PBMOs increased size and had extended dendritic processes by day 12 of the culture. The cultured PBMOs were found to increase the expression of MHC class II and CD1a molecules, and significantly increased stimulatory activity for allogeneic T cells in the mixed leukocyte reaction. Moreover, the cells significantly increased their expression of IL-18 and IFN-gamma when stimulated with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly (I:C)). The cells have a reduced phagocytic activity, which is a common defect in mature DCs. It follows from these results that TCCM does induce the differentiation of DCs from PBMOs.  相似文献   

Expression and localization of epidermal growth factor,transforming growth factor-α and epidermal growth factor receptor in the canine testis     

Hiromichi TAMADA  Kohei TAKEMOTO  Masato TOMINAGA  Noritoshi KAWATE  Masahiro TAKAHASHI  Shingo HATOYA  Satoshi MATSUYAMA  Toshio INABA  Tsutomu SAWADA 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2016,62(1):59-64

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Dominant bacteria in soils of Marble Point and Wright Valley, Victoria Land, Antarctica   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jackie. M. Aislabie  Kim-Ly Chhour  Shingo Miyauchi  Ron F. Paetzold 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2006,38(10):3041-3056

A combination of culture-independent and culturing methods was used to assess the diversity of soil bacterial communities from four locations along 77 °S in Victoria Land, Antarctica. Soil samples were from the coast at Marble Point, in the Wright Valley from Bull Pass and near Lake Vanda, and from Mt. Fleming near the polar plateau. Total carbon and nitrogen, and water content of the soils were low, whereas total P was very high. The pH of the soils varied from extremely alkaline to slightly acid and electrical conductivity was medium to high on the coast and very high in inland soils from Bull Pass and Mt. Fleming. The average monthly air temperature was similar (−18 °C to −24 °C) at all the sites; however, in summer surface soil temperatures were >0 °C at Marble Point and in the Wright Valley for a total of 1100 and 1700 h, respectively. Marble Point soil had the most potential to support bacterial growth and activity with a mean total of 310 h per year when surface soils had a liquid volumetric soil moisture content >5%. Highest counts of culturable heterotrophs occurred in soil from Marble Point, whereas Mt. Fleming soil contained few organisms and had no liquid soil moisture recorded. Seven hundred and twenty-eight clones and 71 bacterial isolates were screened by restriction fragment length polymorphisms, and representatives of those dominant ribotypes that occurred more than 3 times were sequenced. The dominant ribotypes grouped within the bacterial divisions Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Thermus-Deinococcus, Acidobacteria, Firmicutes and Cyanobacteria. The closest relatives of the amplicon library clones or cultured bacteria include the genera Hymenobacter, Gillisia, Arthrobacter, Rubrobacter, Friedmanniella, Deinococcus and Leptolyngbya. Many of the clones and bacteria were most similar to others from Antarctic sources, in particular a cyanobacterium-dominated cryptoendolithic community in Beacon sandstone. Some ribotypes were more prevalent in drier soils of the Wright Valley, including relatives of Deinococcus, Rubrobacter and clone FBP460 from Beacon sandstone. Bacterial communities from Marble Point soils were more diverse than those of the Wright Valley. Very few bacteria were isolated from Mt. Fleming soil.  相似文献   

Environmental factors controlling the population growth rate of the bacterial community in Matsumi-ike Bog     

Shingo Miyamoto  Humitake Seki 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1992,63(3-4):379-396

The population growth of a natural bacterioplankton community was studied with special reference to various environmental factors in Matsumi-ike Bog, Tsukuba, Japan. The population growth decreased when the in situ DOC concentration was either higher or lower than the optimum. In order to study the response of the bacterioplankton community to DOC concentrations higher than the mesotrophic range, a series of environmental gradient experiments was performed. The bacterioplankton community responded to the nutrient perturbations efficiently by adapting to the new environment within 6 hr and acclimatizing in the following 6 hr.  相似文献