Optic pathway degeneration in Japanese black cattle     

Shiori CHIBA  Shingo FUNATO  Noriyuki HORIUCHI  Kotaro MATSUMOTO  Hisashi INOKUMA  Hidefumi FURUOKA  Yoshiyasu KOBAYASHI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(2):147-154

Degeneration of the optic pathway has been reported in various animal species including cattle. We experienced a case of bilateral optic tract degeneration characterized by severe gliosis in a Japanese black cattle without any obvious visual defects. To evaluate the significance, pathological nature and pathogenesis of the lesions, we examined the optic pathway in 60 cattle (41 Japanese black, 13 Holstein and 6 crossbreed) with or without ocular abnormalities. None of these animals had optic canal stenosis. Degenerative changes with severe gliosis in the optic pathway, which includes the optic nerve, optic chiasm and optic tract, were only observed in 8 Japanese black cattle with or without ocular abnormalities. Furthermore, strong immunoreactivity of glial fibrillary acidic protein was observed in the retinal stratum opticum and ganglion cell layer in all 5 cattle in which the optic pathway lesions could be examined. As etiological research, we also examined whether the concentrations of vitamin A and vitamin B12 or bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection was associated with optic pathway degeneration. However, our results suggested that the observed optic pathway degeneration was probably not caused by these factors. These facts indicate the presence of optic pathway degeneration characterized by severe gliosis that has never been reported in cattle without bilateral compressive lesions in the optic pathway or bilateral severe retinal atrophy.  相似文献   

Absorption of Radioactive Strontium by Soil,Especially in Relation to Native Calcium     

Kiyoshi Tensho  Ko-Ling Yeh  Shingo Mitsui 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(4):152-156

Since it has been well known that radioactive strontium, among the fission nuclides, is particularly important in respect to the potential biological radiation hazard, much attention has been given in recent years to the study on its behaviour in soil and plant. The experiments described herein were conducted in order to elucidate some of the features of carrier-free radioactive strontium added to soils especially in connection with native calcium.  相似文献   

Dynamic aspects of N.P.K. uptake and O2 secretion in relation to the metabolic pathways within the plant roots     

Shingo Mitsui  Kikuo Kumazawa  Jinya Yazaki  Hiroshi Hirata  Kozo Ishizuka 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(2):25-30

As previously reported^1)-4) the inhibition of nutrients uptake by rice plant with such respiration inhibitors as hydrogen sulfide, butyric acid, cyanide, and azide differed strikingly from element to element. The order of suppression, however, was similar in these respiratory inhibitors, and the Ce I Itlon coefficients as revealed in terms of percents of decrease were grouped in the order of K²O·P²O⁵>SiO²·SO³·Br>MnO·NH⁴-N·H²O2> MgO·CaO. This established order attracted the authors interest to elucidate the essential mechanism of the uptake of each element, possibly linked specifically with metabolic pathways, particularly of respiration, within the plant roots. In view of the prime importance of three major fertilizer elements N.P.K., the specific metabolic linkages of these three elements were subjected to a energetic study.  相似文献   

Formation of asparagine from 14C-labelled aspartate in different parts of rice plant at the panicle formation stage     

Mahatim Singh  Kikuo Kumazawa  Shingo Mitsui 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(2):45-47

Dynamics of asparagine formation and appearance have previously been studied, but it was particularly considered necessary to study the mode of asparagine formation in different parts of rice plant at the stage of panicle formation using ¹⁴C-labelled aspartate. During this investigation the place and velocity of asparagine were studied.  相似文献   

Studies on the change of the respiratory system in roots in relation to the growth of plants     

G. K. Barat  H. Hirata  K. Kumazawa  S. Mitsui 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(5):222-225

Extensive studies on respiration and nutrient absorption by plant and algal tissues have been carried out in recent years. These studies strongly support the evidence that cellular respiration and the assimilation of inorganic nitrogen are closely interdependent metabolic processes (1–5).  相似文献   

Comparative physiological study of iron,manganese and copper absorption by plants     

Y. Dokiya  N. Owa  S. Mitsui 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(5):169-174

In the previous reports, influence of metabolic inhibitors, such as NaCN, 2,4-dinitrophenol and EDTA, on the absorption of ⁵⁹Fe, ⁵⁴Mn and ⁶⁴Cu(1) and the distribution of these elements in root cell were studied using the separation technique by centrifugal forces (2). These experiments revealed that rice and barley plants behave differently in their mode of absorption and distribution of these elements.  相似文献   

H2 15O translocation in rice was enhanced by 10 μm 5-aminolevulinic acid as monitored by positron emitting tracer imaging system (PETIS)     

Takashi Tsukamoto  Hiroshi Uchida  Hiromi Nakanishi  Shingo Nishiyama  Hideo Tsukada  Shinpei Matsuhashi 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(7):1085-1088

5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) acts to increase chlorophyll biosynthesis, photosynthesis, cold stress tolerance, and salt tolerance at low concentrations. We studied the effects of ALA on H₂ ¹⁵O translocation from the roots to the shoots of rice plants (Oryza sativa L. cv. Nipponbare) in real time by a positron-emitting tracer imaging system (PETIS). When the plant was treated with 10 μm ALA, the velocity of the H₂ ¹⁵O translocation from 2 to 12 min after absorption increased to 126, 137, 140% that of the control at 1.5, 2.5, and 3.5 h after ALA treatment, respectively. However, ALA did not affect the H₂ ¹⁵O translocation within 0.5 h of treatment. When the plant was treated with 0.1 mM ABA at 4 h after 10 μm ALA treatment, the velocity of the H₂ ¹⁵O translocation decreased at 0.5 h after ABA treatment. Those observations suggested ALA might be absorbed and transported to the guard cells within 1.5 h and functioned to expand the stomatal aperture.  相似文献   

bex-db: Bioinformatics workbench for comprehensive analysis of barley-expressed genes     

Tsuyoshi Tanaka  Hiroaki Sakai  Nobuyuki Fujii  Fuminori Kobayashi  Shingo Nakamura  Takeshi Itoh  Takashi Matsumoto  Jianzhong Wu 《Breeding Science》2013,63(4):430-434

  相似文献   

Thioacetamide-induced Hepatocellular Necrosis Is Attenuated in Diet-induced Obese Mice     

Makoto Shirai  Shingo Arakawa  Hiroaki Miida  Takuya Matsuyama  Junzo Kinoshita  Toshihiko Makino  Kiyonori Kai  Munehiro Teranishi 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2013,26(2):175-186

To assess modification of thioacetamide-induced hepatotoxicity in mice fed a high-fat diet, male C57BL/6J mice were fed a normal rodent diet or a high-fat diet for 8 weeks and then treated once intraperitoneally with thioacetamide at 50 mg/kg body weight. At 24 and 48 hours after administration, massive centrilobular hepatocellular necrosis was observed in mice fed the normal rodent diet, while the necrosis was less severe in mice fed the high-fat diet. In contrast, severe swelling of hepatocytes was observed in mice fed the high-fat diet. In addition, mice fed the high-fat diet displayed more than a 4-fold higher number of BrdU-positive hepatocytes compared with mice fed the normal rodent diet at 48 hours after thioacetamide treatment. To clarify the mechanisms by which the hepatic necrosis was attenuated, we investigated exposure to thioacetamide and one of its metabolites, the expression of CYP2E1, which converts thioacetamide to reactive metabolites, and the content of glutathione S-transferases in the liver. However, the reduced hepatocellular necrosis noted in mice fed the high-fat diet could not be explained by the differences in exposure to thioacetamide or thioacetamide sulfoxide or by differences in the expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes. On the other hand, at 8 hours after thioacetamide administration, hepatic total glutathione in mice fed the high-fat diet was significantly lower than that in mice fed the normal diet. Hence, decreased hepatic glutathione amount is a candidate for the mechanism of the attenuated necrosis. In conclusion, this study revealed that thioacetamide-induced hepatic necrosis was attenuated in mice fed the high-fat diet.  相似文献   

Primary analysis of DNA polymorphisms in the TRIM region (MHC subregion) of the Japanese quail,Coturnix japonica     

Shingo SUZUKI  Kazuyoshi HOSOMICHI  Kana YOKOYAMA  Kaoru TSUDA  Hiromi HARA  Yutaka YOSHIDA  Akira FUJIWARA  Makoto MIZUTANI  Takashi SHIINA  Tomohiro KONO  Kei HANZAWA 《Animal Science Journal》2013,84(1):90-96

Based on sequences of two cosmid clones from Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica, Coja), we confirmed that the syntenic cluster, GNB2L1～BTN1～BTN2, is located in the quail TRIM subregion of the quail major histocompatibility complex (MHC Coja) region. These cosmids also included four CjBG loci and one CjLEC locus; therefore, the quail TRIM subregion was thought to be adjacent to the BG/LEC subregion. We then identified three polymorphic markers – CjHEP21, CjTRIM39.2 and CjBTN2 – in the TRIM subregion that may be useful for the functional analysis of the MHC‐Coja region. We examined MHC‐Coja sequences from 321 individual quails sampled from 11 inbred strains, and we found eight alleles for each of the three genes – CjHEP21, CjTRIM39.2 and CjBTN2. These polymorphisms represent the first avian DNA markers in the TRIM subregion. Additionally, we discovered a quail‐specific VNTR (variable number of long tandem repeats, 133–137 bp) in intron 7 of CjBTN2. We identified 25 haplotypes in the sample of 321 quail; these haplotypes comprised combinations of all 24 alleles of the three polymorphic genes. We suggest that there are two recombination hotspots, one between each pair of adjacent loci. All strains, except AMRP, contained multiple haplotypes; the AMRP strain contained a single, apparently fixed haplotype.  相似文献