DNA profiling of pineapple cultivars in Japan discriminated by SSR markers     

Moriyuki Shoda  Naoya Urasaki  Sumisu Sakiyama  Shingo Terakami  Fumiko Hosaka  Narumi Shigeta  Chikako Nishitani  Toshiya Yamamoto 《Breeding Science》2012,62(4):352-359

We developed 18 polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers in pineapple (Ananas comosus) by using genomic libraries enriched for GA and CA motifs. The markers were used to genotype 31 pineapple accessions, including seven cultivars and 11 breeding lines from Okinawa Prefecture, 12 foreign accessions and one from a related species. These SSR loci were highly polymorphic: the 31 accessions contained three to seven alleles per locus, with an average of 4.1. The values of expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.09 to 0.76, with an average of 0.52. All 31 accessions could be successfully differentiated by the 18 SSR markers, with the exception of ‘N67-10’ and ‘Hawaiian Smooth Cayenne’. A single combination of three markers TsuAC004, TsuAC010 and TsuAC041, was enough to distinguish all accessions with one exception. A phenogram based on the SSR genotypes did not show any distinct groups, but it suggested that pineapples bred in Japan are genetically diversed. We reconfirmed the parentage of 14 pineapple accessions by comparing the SSR alleles at 17 SSR loci in each accession and its reported parents. The obtained information will contribute substantially to protecting plant breeders’ rights.  相似文献   

Measurement of concentrations of trace metals in arable soils with animal manure application using instrumental neutron activation analysis and the concentrated acid digestion method     

Shinichi OGIYAMA  Kazunori SAKAMOTO  Hiroyuki SUZUKI  Shingo USHIO  Tetsuo ANZAI  Kazuyuki INUBUSHI 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2006,52(1):114-121

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Accumulation of Zinc and Copper in an Arable Field after Animal Manure Application   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Shinichi Ogiyama  Kazunori Sakamoto  Hiroyuki Suzuki  Shingo Ushio  Tetsuo Anzai  Kazuyuki Inubushi 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2005,51(6):801-808

An experiment was conducted to examine the accumulation and mobility of heavy metals (Zn and Cu) at different depths in three types of arable soils (Brown Lowland soil, Andosol, and Brown Forest soil) amended with cattle and pig farmyard manures for 5 years. Nitric-perchloric acid digestion was performed for the determination of the total amounts of heavy metals, and 0.1 M hydrochloric acid extraction was performed for the determination of the amounts of soluble heavy metals. Results of the soil analysis indicated that pig farmyard manure application resulted in serious contamination of arable soils with Zn and potentially Cu. Especially, the Brown Forest soil displayed a high ability to accumulate heavy metals on the soil surface. Total-Zn concentration in surface soils was considerably affected by the holding capacity of soluble-Zn traction. Although the Andosol amended with pig farmyard manure showed higher concentrations of heavy metals related to the higher ability of retention on a weight basis, the soil did not contribute to high heavy metal accumulation because of its low bulk density. Heavy metals were easily leached in sandy soils such as Brown Lowland soil, and Cu was potentially stable compared with Zn. We suggest that long-term pig farmyard manure application to the Brown Lowland soil and Andosol with a light soil texture is associated with a higher risk of groundwater pollution than the application to the Brown Forest soil.  相似文献   

Effects of the application of heated sewage sludge on soil nutrient supply to plants     

Naoki MORITSUKA  Kaori MATSUOKA  Shingo MATSUMOTO  Tsugiyuki MASUNAGA  Kensuke MATSUI  Toshiyuki WAKATSUKI 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2006,52(4):528-539

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Nitrate Decrease with Isotopic Fractionation In Riverside Sediment Column During Infiltration Experiment     

kouji Tsushima  Shingo Ueda  Hiroyuki Ohno  Norio Ogura  Takao Katase  Kunio Watanabe 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2006,174(1-4):47-61

This study determined isotopic fractionation of nitrate-nitrogen during denitrification in riparian aquifer sediments by sequential-column experiments at two different water flow rates. The purpose was to discuss the relationships of nitrogen isotopic enrichment factor of denitrification, denitrification rate, and infiltrating condition in sediment. Sandy sediment and groundwater were collected from floodplain in the middle reach of the Tama River where nitrogen isotopic enrichment factor for denitrification had been measured in a result of previous field observation. The denitrification rates and the isotopic enrichment factors of nitrate-nitrogen were estimated at 2.1 mgN dry-kg^?1 day^?1 and ?32.9‰ during the low water flow condition, and at 3.5 mgN dry-kg^?1 day^?1 and ?34.1‰ during the high water flow condition. The calculated water flow rates of the present column experiments were 300–400 times higher than that of the field observation. Because of the fast flow rate, nitrate was expected to continuously pass though active denitrifying sites in the small pore spaces of sediment, and nitrate supply to denitrifers by infiltration flow transport greatly exceeded the supply by diffusion. The observed denitrification rates was proportional to Peclet number as the ratio of solute nitrate transport to the diffusion, and apparent nitrogen isotopic enrichment factors during denitrification of our column experiments were lower than those obtained from the field observation. This study showed that denitrification rate and apparent nitrogen isotopic enrichment factor of denitrification in sediment depended on Peclet number.  相似文献   

Enrichment of yeast thioredoxin by green tea extract through activation of Yap1 transcription factor in Saccharomyces cerevisiae     

Takatsume Y  Maeta K  Izawa S  Inoue Y 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(2):332-337

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Real-time ultrasonographic evaluation of canine gastric motility in the postprandial state     

Tsukamoto A  Ohno K  Tsukagoshi T  Maeda S  Nakashima K  Fukushima K  Fujino Y  Tsujimoto H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(9):1133-1138

Gastric motility is affected by several pathological conditions which may induce upper gastrointestinal clinical symptoms. The pathogenesis of canine gastric motility disorders is poorly understood because of methodological limitations. This study aimed at establishing a simple method for evaluating postprandial gastric motility in dogs. Gastric motility was ultrasonographically assessed in 7 healthy beagles using a technique previously described in humans. The motility index (MI), an indicator of gastric antral motility, was calculated by measuring the area of the gastric antrum in both a contracted and relaxed phase and by counting the number of contractions. The MI was measured every 30 min for 3 hr after feeding and compared with gastric emptying as assessed by a (13)C-octanoic acid breath test. The MI at 30 min had the lowest variability in the 7 dogs (mean SD, 9.77 ± 0.42; coefficient of variance, 4.25%), and a significant correlation was observed with gastric emptying coefficient (R(2)=0.8126, P=0.005) and half-emptying time (R(2)=0.654, P=0.027). When atropine was administered, a significant decrease in the MI at 30 min was observed compared with the control (9.77 ± 0.42 vs. 5.19 ± 0.22, P=0.0003). In conclusion, evaluation of the MI at 30 min is suitable for assessing gastric motility and enables us to assess gastric motility simply in a short time. By using this method, further studies for the pathogenesis of canine gastric motility disorders are warranted.  相似文献   

Potato extract (Potein) suppresses food intake in rats through inhibition of luminal trypsin activity and direct stimulation of cholecystokinin secretion from enteroendocrine cells     

Nakajima S  Hira T  Tsubata M  Takagaki K  Hara H 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(17):9491-9496

Dietary proteins and trypsin inhibitors are known to stimulate the secretion of the satiety hormone cholecystokinin (CCK). A potato extract (Potein) contains 60% carbohydrate and 20% protein including trypsin inhibitory proteins. In this study, we examined whether Potein suppresses food intake in rats and whether it directly stimulates CCK secretion in enteroendocrine cells. In fasted rats, food consumption was measured up to 6 h after the oral administration of Potein or soybean trypsin inhibitor (SBTI). CCK-releasing activities of Potein and SBTI were examined in the murine CCK-producing cell line STC-1. Potein inhibited the trypsin activity in vitro with a potency 20-fold lower than that of SBTI. Oral administration of Potein dose-dependently suppressed food intake for 1-6 h. Potein, but not the SBTI, dose-dependently induced CCK secretion in STC-1 cells. These results suggest that Potein suppresses food intake through the CCK secretion induced by direct stimulation on enteroendocrine cells and through inhibition of luminal trypsin.  相似文献   

Asparagine test in relation with the nitrogen nutritional status of crop plants I     

Shingo Mitsui  Kikuo Kumazawa  Mahatim Singh 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(4):189-195

Extraordinary features of submerged rice soils and its relation to manuring practices has long been the problem of study to increase the average and maximum yield of rice per unit area. Out of these studies many remarkable results have so far been achieved, the mention of which in dentail is not possible in this paper. But in a summarized way it can be easily concluded that during the growth cycle of rice plant nitrogen is most important limiting fertilizer element and its need for the plant is multi-sided. The practical experience of the farmers of Shizuoka prefecture is quite in agreement with this, as they say that in rice-culture fertilizer should be applied at the transplanting time and a little before actual heading. Regarding the late dressing which is called (Hogoe) they have strong belief that it is effective in most of the cases. Taking this into account, in 1933 YAMAMOTO and SUZUKI(18) started to study as to when top dressing be applied with the help of pot experiments, and Were able to conclude that a top dressing of 0.5 g per pot was quite effective. This report is the first to be published on the top-dressing aspect of rice, but it does not seem to be a complete one. A field experiment for such a study was conducted by GOTO(1) in the year 1942. In his experiment, he used ammonium sulphate for top dressing with 3 dates viz. a) Maximum tillering b) Late tillering and c) Panicle formation. He concluded that amm. sulphate as top-dressing is mostly absorbed in the panicle formation stage and is utilized for grain formation. He also stressed the importance of top-dressing at the panicle formation stage.  相似文献   

The uptake of strontium and cesium by plants from soil with special reference to the unusual cesium uptake by lowland rice and its mechanism     

Kiyoshi Tensho  Ko-Ling Yeh  Shingo Mitsui 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(4):176-183

In the previous experiments using strontium-90 and cesium-134, the authors found some differences between lowland and upland rice with respect to their uptake from soil, particularly the unusual high absorption of cesium by lowland rice.  相似文献