Chronological clinical and pathological documentation of porcine ulcerative dermatitis          下载免费PDF全文

Eliane Mueller  Natalia Brünisholz  Werner Zimmerman  Meret Ricklin  Silvia Rüfenacht  Thierry Olivry  Petra J. Roosje 《Veterinary dermatology》2016,27(4):315-e78

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Effect of emerged shipment on the physiological condition of the adductor muscle in adult giant lion's paw scallop Nodipecten subnodosus (Sowerby 1835)     

Victor Manuel Ocaño‐Higuera  Alfonso Nivardo Maeda‐Martínez  María Elena Lugo‐Sánchez  Gillermina García‐Sánchez  Enrique Márquez‐Ríos  Silvia Gómez‐Jimenez  Ramón Pacheco‐Aguilar 《Aquaculture Research》2011,42(8):1087-1095

Currently, there is an increasing interest in shipping live adult scallops to markets and broodstock to hatcheries; nevertheless, information about the shipping effect on live scallops physiology is very scarce. In a previous study, a method in emersion was developed to ship scallop seed out of water, but it was not known whether this method is useful to transport adult organisms. As a consequence, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of transportation by the emersion method on the physiological status of the adductor muscle of adult giant lion's paw scallop. Live specimens were packaged in a container and transported in emersion for 11 h. Six scallops were frozen in a farm and a similar number were frozen as soon as they arrived to the laboratory. Physiological indices were determined in each lot and the survival was estimated 24 h after re‐immersion. As a result of the transportation, a significant loss (P<0.05) of total carbohydrates, glycogen, adenosine 5′‐triphosphate and adenilated energetic charge, and a significant increase (P<0.05) in the free amino acids concentration were observed. Eighty‐eight per cent survival was achieved; therefore, we conclude that this method is appropriate for shipping live adult scallops of Nodipecten subnodosus.  相似文献   

Muscular hypertrophy and growth‐promoting effects in juvenile pejerrey (Odontesthes bonariensis) after oral administration of recombinant homologous growth hormone obtained by a highly efficient refolding process     

Andrés A Sciara  Fabricio A Vigliano  Gustavo M Somoza  Silvia E Arranz 《Aquaculture Research》2011,42(6):844-857

Growth hormone (GH) can be orally administrated to fish in order to increase growth rates. Fish growth is characterized by the hyperplasia and hypertrophy of muscle fibre throughout adult life. In this respect, GH could affect directly and indirectly (by growth and metabolic factors) the development and growth of muscle fibres. Recombinant pejerrey GH (r‐pjGH) was expressed in Escherichia coli and refolded in a highly efficient batch dilution system, obtaining 0.1 g L^?1 of hormone without protein precipitation during the refolding procedure. Orally administered hormone to pejerrey produced a 30% increase in mean weight and stimulated liver insulin‐like growth factor type I (IGF‐I) mRNA expression after 1 month of treatment. Histological analyses showed that muscle growth was generated mainly by hypertrophy of the fibres. A higher r‐pjGH dose increased muscle fibre hypertrophy but somatic growth was negatively affected probably due to a reduced capacity of generating new fibres.  相似文献   

Chemical composition of Lippia spp. essential oil and antimicrobial activity against Aeromonas hydrophila          下载免费PDF全文

Cláudia Majolo  Silvia Imaculada Barros da Rocha  Edsandra Campos Chagas  Francisco Célio Maia Chaves  Humberto Ribeiro Bizzo 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(5):2380-2387

Phytotherapy can replace antibiotic administration as an alternative to control Aeromonas hydrophila, one of the main bacteria involved in the aetiology of farmed fish diseases. Given that plants of the Lippia spp. genus show biological potential for antimicrobial activity, this study evaluated the chemical composition of essential oils extracted from Lippia alba, Lippia origanoides and Lippia sidoides and their activity against A. hydrophila. The oils were obtained by steam distillation in a Clevenger‐type apparatus and their composition determined by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (CG/MS). Antibacterial activity was assessed by calculating the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) using broth microdilution method. The main compounds identified were geranial (25.4%) and neral (16.6%) in L. alba oil, carvacrol (40.4%) and p‐cymene (11.4%) in L. origanoides oil and thymol (76.6%) and ortho‐cymene (6.3%) in L. sidoides oil. The three Lippia species showed bacteriostatic and bactericidal action against A. hydrophila, with MICs and MBCs ranging from 1250 to 5000 μg mL^?1. Of the species tested, the best performance was obtained with essential oil of L. sidoides.  相似文献   

Growth, herbivore distribution, and herbivore damage of timber trees in a tropical silvopastoral reforestation system     

Judith Riedel  Silvia Dorn  Mirco Plath  Karsten Mody 《Annals of Forest Science》2013,70(1):75-86

Context

The reforestation of degraded tropical pastures requires innovative tree planting systems that consider land user needs.

Aim

We established a silvopastoral reforestation system and assessed the effects of companion trees on the native timber tree Tabebuia rosea in Panama. Timber tree individuals were established in (1) solitary plantings (TSol) or in companion plantings with (2) Guazuma ulmifolia (TGua) or (3) the nitrogen-fixing Gliricidia sepium (TGli).

Methods

We quantified growth characteristics and herbivory of T. rosea, and analyzed leaf chemistry (including the stable isotopes ??¹⁵N and ??¹³C) and structure (leaf mass per area).

Results

Companion trees significantly affected stem diameter growth of T. rosea. Stem diameter growth was as high in TGli trees as in TSol trees but was reduced in TGua trees. Furthermore, TGua trees had higher leaf water content, and lower ??¹³C and lower leaf mass-to-area ratio than TGli trees, suggesting there were effects of shading by G. ulmifolia on T. rosea. Herbivory was high but not affected by planting regimes. Leafing phenology did not differ between planting regimes and G. sepium did not increase nitrogen content in T. rosea leaves.

Conclusion

Companion tree planting can support timber tree growth in silvopastoral reforestations, but adequate species selection is crucial for successful implementation of this planting system. Tree?Ctree interactions seem to be more relevant for timber tree growth than herbivory in the studied system.  相似文献   

Isolation of Wheat Puroindoline‐b from Flour by Preparative Acid Electrophoresis     

Luciano Galleschi  Marta Ingrosso  Silvia Ghiringhelli  Lucia Calucci  Roberto Lorenzi 《Cereal Chemistry》2003,80(1):99-101

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Response to domestication and selection for growth in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) in separate and mixed tanks     

Marc Vandeputte  Mathilde Dupont-Nivet  Pierrick Haffray  Hervé Chavanne  Silvia Cenadelli  Katia Parati  Marie-Odile Vidal  Alain Vergnet  Béatrice Chatain 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2009,286(1-2):20-27

Selective breeding of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) receives a growing interest, as the estimated heritability of growth is medium to high. In this study, we compared the offspring of four groups of sea bass sires, mated with the same wild dams: wild (W), first generation of domestication (D), first generation of mass selection for length (M), first generation of PROSPER-like selection for length (P). The comparison was done both in replicated tanks (separate rearing) and in mixed tanks (mixed rearing) where sire origins were recovered by genotyping of eight microsatellite markers. Weight, length and growth rate were measured from day 238 post-fertilization (69 g mean weight) to day 611 post-fertilization (390 g mean weight). Both in mixed and separate tanks, both selected groups (P, M) were larger than unselected groups (W, D). No difference was seen at any time between W and D, nor between M and P. The selection response estimate on weight was larger in mixed tanks when compared to separate tanks (+ 42% in mixed tanks, + 23% in separate tanks at day 611), yielding realized heritability estimates of 0.60 and 0.34, respectively, and confirming the excellent potential of the species for growth improvement through selective breeding. Both selection response and the amplification effect between mixed and separate tanks decreased as rearing density increased. Our hypothesis is that selection response is magnified by competition in mixed tanks, while sub-optimal rearing conditions lower the observed selection response, more in separate tanks (where selected thus larger fish are at a higher density than unselected ones) than in mixed tanks (where all fish experience the same density effects).  相似文献   

Habitat characterization,anthropogenic impacts and conservation of rhodolith beds off southeastern Malta     

Luke Tabone  Leyla Knittweis  Ricardo Aguilar  Helena Alvarez  Joseph A. Borg  Silvia Garcia  Patrick J. Schembri  Julian Evans 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2024,34(4):e4148

Downy mildew resistance evaluation in 28 grapevine hybrids promising for breeding programs in Trentino region (Italy)     

Silvia Vezzulli  Antonella Vecchione  Marco Stefanini  Luca Zulini 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2018,150(2):485-495

Downy mildew is a major grapevine disease caused by the biotrophic oomycete, Plasmopara viticola. Numerous disease resistance studies of diverse Vitis germplasm have been previously carried out to identify downy mildew resistance sources; however, ratings were mainly reported using leaf disc in vitro testing and foliage field assessment, or upon leaf and cluster field evaluations. In the current study, 28 grapevine hybrid cultivars were screened using leaf disc bioassay, for disease resistance characterization of both existing and wild-collected materials. 16 hybrids were identified as highly resistant or resistant, and will serve as relevant resistance donors in future pre-breeding and breeding programs. All grapevine hybrids were evaluated for foliar and cluster downy mildew resistance in an untreated field trial over three successive years. This study showed that the leaf disc bioassay provided some information on the resistance level of the genotypes under scrutiny, but it was a weak predictor of their resistance level under field conditions on leaves and even more on bunches. These findings are relevant to future applications in both traditional and marker-assisted breeding programs which promote sustainable viticulture.  相似文献   

Multidisciplinary study of a Lateglacial-Holocene sedimentary sequence near Bologna (Italy): insights on natural and anthropogenic impacts on the landscape dynamics     

Vittori Antisari  Livia  Bianchini  Gianluca  Cremonini  Stefano  Di Giuseppe  Dario  Falsone  Gloria  Marchesini  Marco  Marvelli  Silvia  Vianello  Gilmo 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2016,16(2):645-662

Journal of Soils and Sediments - This study investigated a Lateglacial to Holocene sedimentary sequence derived from a small catchment located at San Lazzaro di Savena in the surroundings of...  相似文献