Reference intervals for select hematologic and plasma biochemical analytes of wild Lake Sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) from the St. Lawrence River in New York     

Louis DiVincenti Jr.  Jeff Wyatt  Heather Priest  Dawn Dittman  Rodger Klindt  David Gordon  Andrew Preston  Thomas Smith  Colby Bowman 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2013,42(1):19-26

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Soft tissue injuries of the tarsocrural joint: A retrospective analysis of 30 cases evaluated arthroscopically     

W. H. J. Barker  M. R. W. Smith  G. J. Minshall  I. M. Wright 《Equine veterinary journal》2013,45(4):435-441

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Control of Estrus and Ovulation in Beef Heifers     

David J. Patterson  PhD  Jordan M. ThomasNeal T. Martin  MS  Justin M. Nash  Michael F. Smith 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice》2013

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Microparticles in Health and Disease     

J.M. Herring  M.A. McMichael  S.A. Smith 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2013,27(5):1020-1033

Microparticles (MPs), small membrane‐derived vesicles, are derived from many cell types and released into the circulation. Microparticles can express antigens, and contain cell surface proteins, cytoplasmic contents, and nuclear components from their cell of origin that determines their composition, characterization, and transfer of biologic information. Certain prompts for this release include shear stress, complement activation, proapoptotic stimulation, cellular damage, or agonist interaction with cell surface receptors. Release can be physiologic or pathologic and is associated with proinflammatory and procoagulant effects and has been implicated in thrombotic states. Microparticles also contribute to systemic inflammation and cardiovascular, hematologic, and oncologic disease states. The study of MPs in human medicine is rapidly advancing and extends into the physiology of health, the pathophysiology of disease, and the role of MPs in transfusion medicine. In veterinary medicine, published work on MPs has been limited to the area of inherited disorders, blood storage, and leukoreduction (LR). Microparticle research is still in its infancy, and this review should be seen as a snapshot of what is currently known. As research continues important limitations, including variations in preanalytic variables such as collection, storage, or centrifugation, and limitations of quantitation are coming to the forefront. Correlation of quantitation of MPs with assays of activity will hopefully shed light on the true nature of MPs in health and disease. This review will focus on the role of cellular exocytic vesiculation in health, disease, and transfusion medicine.  相似文献   

The Effects of Hyperglycemia and Endotoxemia on Coagulation Parameters in Healthy Adult Horses     

K.F. McGovern  K.M. Lascola  S.A. Smith  S.C. Clark‐Price  P.A. Wilkins  D.J. Schaeffer  J.H. Foreman 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2013,27(2):347-353

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A Comprehensive Pathological Survey of Duodenal Biopsies from Dogs with Diet‐Responsive Chronic Enteropathy     

Y‐M. Chang  C. Downes  S. Miller  K. Stevens  K. Verheyen  A.D. Phillips  S. Miah  M. Turmaine  A. Hibbert  J.M. Steiner  J.S. Suchodolski  K. Mohan  J. Eastwood  K. Allenspach  K. Smith  O.A. Garden 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2013,27(4):862-874

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Review of Methods to Reduce Livestock Depredation II. Aversive conditioning,deterrents and repellents     

Martin E. Smith  John D. C. Linnell  John Odden  Jon E. Swenson 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2013,63(4):304-315

The use of aversive conditioning, repellents and deterrents in the management of predator-livestock problems is evaluated based on a comprehensive literature review, contact with leading authorities and visits to areas with similar predation problems. The status of these management tools is reported and their applicability under Scandinavian conditions evaluated. Aversive conditioning usually involves treating baits with an emetic compound (usually lithium chloride), and has shown inconsistent and inconclusive results. Repellents and deterrents include physical, chemical and acoustic stimuli or devices that cause predators to stop an unwanted behaviour or to retreat from an area. Chemical repellents are not particularly effective against coyotes but have been effective for wolverines and bears under some conditions (e.g. with the availability of untreated, alternative prey). Projectile repellents give an immediate, positive result with bears, but their use is limited. Visual and acoustic devices work well, but only for a limited time, as predators quickly habituate to these devices. To summarize, these methods generally show little promise in reducing livestock depredation on a large-scale or long-term basis, especially under the conditions prevailing in Scandinavia.  相似文献   

Extensive epidermal naevus in a foal     

MP Ruppin  MM Dennis  CL Smith  LJ Vogelnest 《Australian veterinary journal》2013,91(10):407-410

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Skeletal deformities associated with nutritional congenital rickets in newborn lambs     

KE Dittmer  RE Morley  RL Smith 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(1):51-55

Abstract

CASE HISTORY: A group of 545 pregnant rising 2-year-old Coopdale ewes on a Southland sheep farm were grazed over winter on a fodder beet (Beta vulgaris) crop. Subsequently, 45 out of approximately 750 lambs were born with a variety of skeletal deformities, including shortened limbs, varus and valgus angular limb deformities, palmar grade stance and cranial bowing of the carpus. Analysis of the crop showed the fodder beet contained a low percentage of phosphorus. In addition, 60 out of 460 rising 2-year-old ewes that had been grazed on the fodder beet crop as 1-year-olds had incisor abnormalities and malocclusion.

PATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS: Two affected lambs (1-day-old and 3-days-old) with representative clinical signs examined postmortem were found to have markedly enlarged costochondral junctions, and noticeably enlarged long bone metaphyses. In addition, one lamb had a dense band of metaphyseal sclerosis beneath the physes of all long bones examined. Histopathological findings included small islands and columns of chondrocytes and eosinophilic cartilage matrix present in the metaphysis. Metaphyseal trabeculae were disorganised and often lined by accumulations of pale pink osteoid; similar pale pink osteoid was also present in the cortices. Unerupted molar teeth in the affected lambs lacked a layer of enamel, and the dentine was irregular with globular basophilia.

DIAGNOSIS: The gross and histopathological lesions were consistent with a diagnosis of rickets.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Nutritional congenital rickets has not been previously diagnosed in sheep, but is a recognised disease of human infants with vitamin D deficient mothers. The rickets in affected lambs was most likely associated with phosphorus deficiency as a result of the pregnant ewes grazing fodder beet during gestation. While vitamin D deficiency was not definitively ruled out in these cases, practitioners are alerted to the possible effects of feeding phosphorus-deficient fodder beet to ewes for long periods during gestation and to 1-year-old sheep during important growth periods.  相似文献   

Analysis of a survey of metabolic disorders     

Basil Smith B.V.Sc. M.R.C.V.S. 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(1):19-20

Extract

This survey was instigated in an endeavour to determine the overall incidence of metabolic disorders in dairying herds in the area covered by the Huntly District Veterinary Club. Response to treatment and mortality figures are also included.  相似文献