Clinical Vignette     

David C. Twedt  Jean K. Reichle  Chad M. Devitt  Steven L. Wheeler 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1998,12(5):398-400

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FACIAL FIBROSARCOMA IN TWO COWS   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Lisa G.  Britt  DVM  MS  Ohn R.  Middleton  DVM  Reginlad A.  Valdez  DVM  MS  Russell L.  Tucker  DVM  Steven M.  Parish  DVM  Jeff W.  Tyler  DVM  PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1998,39(1):18-21

Fibrosarcoma is a common tumor affecting bone, but is uncommon in cows, Reported here are two bovine cases of facial fibrosarcoma that were very invasive.  相似文献   

LOW-FIELD MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF EARLY SUBCHONDRAL CYST-LIKE LESIONS IN INDUCED CRANIAL CRUCIATE LIGAMENT DEFICIENT DOGS     

Debra K.  Baird  DVM  John T.  Hathcock  DVM  MS  Steven A.  Kincaid  DVM  MS  PhD  Paul F.  Rumph  DVM  MS  John  Kammermann  MS  William R.  Widmer  DVM  MS  Denise  Visco  PhD  Donald  Sweet  MD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1998,39(3):167-173

Six healthy adult male mongrel dogs underwent cranial cruciate ligament transection in the left stifle. Survey radiography of both stifles and low-field (0.064 T) MRI of the left stifle were performed preoperatively and at 2, 6, and 12 weeks postoperatively. Focal changes in signal intensity were seen with MRI in the subchondral bone of the medial tibial condyle at 2 and 6 weeks postoperatively. At 12 weeks postoperative, a cyst-like lesion was detected using MRI in the subchondral bone of the medial tibial condyle in 4 of 6 dogs and a less defined lesion at this site in the remaining 2 dogs. The cyst-like lesion was spherical in shape and showed typical characteristics of fluid with low signal intensity on T1-weighted images, high signal intensity on T2-weighted images and high signal intensity on inversion recovery images. The lesion was seen in the subchondral bone of the caudal medial and/or middle region of the tibial plateau slightly cranial to the insertion of the caudal cruciate ligament. No subchondral cysts were seen in the tibia on radiographs. Histopathologically, the tibia was characterized by a loose myxomatous phase of early subchondral cyst formation.  相似文献   

Induced Meiotic Gynogenesis of Paddlefish Polyodon spathula     

Steven D.  Mims  William L.  Shelton  Otomar  Linhart  Changzheng  Wang 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》1997,28(4):334-343

Viable, diploid gynogenetic (gynogenotes) paddlefish Polyodon spathula were produced by activating eggs with ultraviolet-irradiated shovelnose sturgeon Scaphirhynchus platorynchus spermatozoa and heat shocking. Without irradiation treatment, sturgeon spermatozoa appeared to activate the eggs (up to gastrulation), but did not result in any viable hybrids. Experiment 1 determined that heat-shock treatment of 35 C for a 2-min duration within the interval of 2–22 min post-activation resulted in highest yield of gynogenotes (12–19%) from eggs incubated at 18 C. Experiment 2 applied the heat shock treatment at 35 C from 14.0 to 28.0 min in 2-min intervals after activation at 18 C for a larger scale of gynogenetic production. Both experiments showed that the best yields of gynogenotes were obtained when the heat shock treatment occurred at 16, 18, and 20 min after activation. When these times were expressed in terms of τ₀. units (duration of one mitotic cycle of synchronous cell division related to water temperatures), optimal activations were 0.26, 0.29, and 0.32τ₀ (τ₀@ 18 C = 63.5 min). Experiment 3 tested the utility of τ₀. at two different pre-shock incubation water temperatures of 18 C and 16 C, and determined that there was no significant interaction in percentage of viable gynogenotes between two different incubation temperatures and the mitotic intervals (0.21, 0.26, 0.31, 0.36, 0.41τ₀) tested. Best survival of gynogenotes occurred when eggs held at either pre-shock incubation water temperatures were shocked at 0.26τ₀ All gynogenotes examined were histologically confirmed to have ovarian tissue and were determined to have similar oocyte development to that of normal female (control) paddlefish.  相似文献   

Investigating the pathogenesis of high-serum gamma-glutamyl transferase activity in Thoroughbred racehorses: A series of case-control studies     

Sabine Mann  Joshua D. Ramsay  Joseph J. Wakshlag  Tracy Stokol  Steven Reed  Thomas J. Divers 《Equine veterinary journal》2022,54(1):39-51

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Site preparation: Water relations and growth of newly planted jack pine and white spruce     

Steven C. Grossnickle  Jukka Heikurinen 《New Forests》1989,3(2):99-123

Bareroot jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) and white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) were planted near Elliot Lake, Ontario, on a boreal reforestation site. Site preparation treatments were mixed, mineral and undisturbed (i.e., control) soil. Seedling water relations and growth were examined during the first field season. During the first 28 days after planting, jack pine base (i.e., predawn) and minimum xylem water potential readings were more negative in the control site preparation treatment. White spruce, during the first 10 days, in all site preparation treatments had base and minimum xylem water potential readings more negative than –1.7 MPa. By day 28 base xylem water potentials of white spruce had increased to approximately –1.0 MPa in all site preparation treatments. As the growing season progressed, white spruce minimum xylem water potential readings ceased exceeding the measured turgor loss point first in the mixed followed by the mineral and then control site preparation treatment. Jack pine minimum xylem water potential readings, in all site preparation treatments, almost never exceeded the measured turgor loss point. Water stress and stomatal optimization integrals, day 28 and 125, for both species showed least water stress and greater stomatal optimization in the mixed, mineral and control site preparation treatments, respectively. Both species had less new root growth in the field during the first 28 days after planting compared to seedlings grown for 28 days in a greenhouse for root growth capacity testing. Root growth at 28 days and both shoot and root development at the end of the growing season, were greatest to least in mixed, mineral, and control site preparation treatments, respectively.  相似文献   

Effects of forest floor planting and stock type on growth and root emergence of Pinus contorta seedlings in a cold northern cutblock   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

D. Bruce Campbell  Steven Kiiskila  Leanne J. Philip  Janusz J. Zwiazek  Melanie D. Jones 《New Forests》2006,32(2):145-162

A two-year field trial was conducted to determine the growth response, and root emergence pattern of interior lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. var. latifolia Engelm.) seedlings in response to container type and forest floor removal. Seedlings were grown in Styroblocks^TM, Copperblocks^TM, or AirBlocks^TM, and were planted directly into the undisturbed forest floor or into manually prepared planting spots where the forest floor had been scraped away to expose the mineral soil. Seedlings planted into scalped planting spots exhibited marginally but significantly (7%) greater above-ground growth rates (seedling stem volume); whereas seedlings planted into the forest floor produced significantly more (11%) new roots. There were no differences in above- or below-ground biomass. Seedlings grown in Copperblock^TM containers produced a higher proportion of roots near the top of the plug when tested at lifting, however this pattern was not observed in the field. Given that scalping is more costly than forest floor planting, and that the increased shoot growth was relatively small, we recommend that forest floor planting be considered as an alternative to manual spot scalping for sites, such as the site tested here: those with cold, but well-drained soils and where competition from other plants is not a serious problem.  相似文献   

Effects of white-tailed deer on vegetation structure and woody seedling composition in three forest types on the Piedmont Plateau     

C. Reed Rossell  Jr.  Bryan Gorsira  Steven Patch 《Forest Ecology and Management》2005,210(1-3):415-424

White-tailed deer (Ododcoileus virginiana) can substantially affect the structure and species composition of a forest. The tolerance of a forest community to browsing may vary by type as a result of varying biotic and abiotic factors of the environment. To date, no studies have compared the effects of browsing among forest communities within a physiographic region. We investigated the effects of browsing on vegetation structure and woody seedling composition in three forest types (oak–hickory, Virginia pine–eastern red cedar, bottomland hardwood) in Manassas National Battlefield Park (MNBP), Virginia, USA. We compared forb cover, vertical plant cover (0–1.5 m tall), and survival of tagged seedlings in 10 exclosed (2 m × 6 m) and 10 unexclosed plots in each forest type during a 5-year period. No differential effects of browsing were found among forest types. In all forest types, deer (67 deer/km²) suppressed forb and vertical plant cover to levels less than would be expected in the absence of deer. Seedling survival rates of most species were significantly reduced by browsing. By the 4th year of the study, box elder (Acer negundo), hickory (Carya spp.), and red maple (Acer rubrum) had been eliminated from unexclosed plots, and red and white oaks (Quercus spp.) dramatically reduced. Ash (Fraxinus spp.), black cherry (Prunus serotina), and hackberry (Celtis occidentalis), although significantly impacted, remained the most abundant species throughout the study. These findings suggest that white-tailed deer may be modifying the structure of the forest interior to the extent that it adversely affects wildlife species dependent on a dense understory to thrive. We predict that the future composition of forests in MNBP will shift towards stands with fewer species and a greater dominance of ash, black cherry, and hackberry, particularly in the oak–hickory and bottomland hardwood forests, where the majority of current dominants are most affected.  相似文献   

Effects of growing conditions on purple corncob (Zea mays L.) anthocyanins     

Jing P  Noriega V  Schwartz SJ  Giusti MM 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(21):8625-8629

Purple corn ( Zea mays L.) has been used for centuries as a natural food colorant in South America and, more recently, in Asia and Europe. However, limited information is available on the factors affecting their anthocyanin concentration and profiles. In this study, 18 purple corn samples grown under different conditions in Peru were evaluated for quantitative and qualitative anthocyanin composition as well as total phenolics. High variability was observed on monomeric anthocyanin and phenolic contents with yields ranging from 290 to 1333 mg/100 g dry weight (DW) and from 950 to 3516 mg/100 g DW, respectively, while 30.5-47.1% of the total phenolics were anthocyanins. The major anthocyanins present were cyanidin-3-glucoside, pelargonidin-3-glucoside, peonidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-maloylglucoside, pelargonidin-3-maloylglucoside, and peonidin-3-maloylglucoside, and 35.6-54.0% of the anthocyanins were acylated. Potassium sources/concentrations on the soil and seedling density did not significantly affect anthocyanin composition. The growing location affected anthocyanin levels and the percentage of anthocyanins to total phenolics ( p < 0.01) and should be taken into account when choosing a material for color production.  相似文献   

The impact of body mass index and Western advertising and media on eating style, body image and nutrition transition among Jordanian women     

Madanat HN  Brown RB  Hawks SR 《Public health nutrition》2007,10(10):1039-1046

OBJECTIVES: To identify the impact of body mass index (BMI) and Western advertising and media on the stage of the nutrition transition among Jordanian women, and to evaluate their impact on eating styles and body image. DESIGN: A randomised cross-sectional survey that included a variety of culturally measured Likert-type scales and body size images. In addition, BMI was calculated based on measured height and weight. SETTING: In the homes of the participants. The data were collected by female interviewers who worked for the Jordan Department of Statistics. SUBJECTS: The sample was based on a random and representative selection of 800 mostly urban Jordanian women. A pre-test sample of 100 women was also used to validate the instruments. RESULTS: Women tended to agree that they ate based on emotional cues. They had high levels of disordered eating attitudes and behaviours and 42.1% were considered restrained eaters. However, these women also had higher than expected body esteem levels and desired a healthy body size. As expected, being obese was associated with a desire to lose weight, being a restrained and emotional eater, and having more disordered eating attitudes and behaviours. Similarly, Western advertising and media were associated with restrained and emotional eating, desired weight loss, and disordered eating attitudes and behaviours. CONCLUSIONS: There is a need to develop health education materials that explain the influence of obesity on health and the negative psychological and physical consequences of restrained and emotional eating, building on the current cultural preferences of healthy body size. Further implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.  相似文献