Effect of grain direction on transmittance of 100-GHz millimeter wave for hinoki (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Chamaecyparis obtusa</Emphasis>)     

Soichi?TanakaEmail author  Yuko?Fujiwara  Yoshihisa?Fujii  Shogo?Okumura  Hiroyoshi?Togo  Naoya?Kukutsu  Tadao?Nagatsuma 《Journal of Wood Science》2011,57(3):189-194

The attenuation coefficients of 100-GHz millimeter waves polarized linearly were measured for cross-cut, quarter-sawn, and flat-sawn boards of hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa) that were 0.2–2.0 cm thick. This was done to examine the applicability of free-wave propagation theory for applying electromagnetic waves to wood. It was found that the transmittance of a millimeter wave through the specimen boards was lower when the fiber direction of a board was parallel to the direction of the electric field of the incident wave than when the fiber direction was perpendicular to the electric field, and there was little difference in the transmittance between the tangential and radial directions for the former case. These findings can be quantitatively explained by using propagation theory and the dielectric properties of wood.  相似文献   

风障在北海道Tokachi地区的重要作用     

OsamuTsuji  ToshimiMuneoka 《中国水土保持》2002,(7):13-13

  相似文献   

Pharmacokinetics of nicorandil in dogs with mild mitral regurgitation     

K. Fukunaga  N. Chiba  Y. Wakao  M. Fujiwara 《Research in veterinary science》2011,90(1):95-98

The aim of this study was to examine the pharmacokinetics of nicorandil, a hybrid of an adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channel opener and a nitrate, and to estimate its clinical doses in dogs with mild mitral valve regurgitation (MR). Nicorandil (0.1, 0.3, and 1.0 mg/kg) was administered orally to normal dogs and those with experimentally-induced MR, and its plasma concentrations were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography. Plasma concentrations increased dose-dependently after the administration of nicorandil, and were not different between normal dogs and those with MR. Similar to the effective plasma values obtained in cardiac disease in humans, the findings of this pharmacokinetic study may indicate that a dose of 0.3-1.0 mg/kg has the same effectiveness in dogs with cardiac dysfunction.  相似文献   

Can stumps tell what people want: Pattern and preference of informal wood extraction in an urban forest of Nairobi, Kenya     

Takuya Furukawa  Kazue Fujiwara  Samuel K. Kiboi  Patrick B. Chalo Mutiso 《Biological conservation》2011,144(12):3047-3054

Detailed patterns and preferences of informal wood extraction were investigated in an urban forest used by slum inhabitants of Nairobi, Kenya, as such information determines the sustainability of resource use. Instead of asking the people what they had secretly cut, a survey was conducted of the stumps and trees left in the forest to (i) evaluate how accessibility and patrolling affected spatial patterns of resource use, and to (ii) estimate a broad spectrum of species and species-specific size preferences. Both probability and size of cutting increased with better accessibility (represented by distance from the slum), and stump size exceeded that of living stem size around 1.7 km from the slum, which suggested magnified impact of tree cutting near the slum. Patrolling (represented by distance from ranger stations) had little effect in reducing the probability of cutting but was effective in reducing cut size. With the use of random effect models, a broad species preference spectrum (including less abundant and non-preferred species) was estimated, which indicated trends in vegetation change. Smaller stems were preferred for most species presumably used for domestic fuelwood, but major exploitation of large Brachylaena huillensis stems traded in the woodcarving industry was also revealed. Such detailed information on informal wood use can help forest managers to understand threats to the forests as well as the needs of local communities. This is a first step to redefining ‘acceptable’ resource use by the local community for their increased role and responsibility in sustainable forest management, especially when conventional controls of informal activities (i.e. exclusion and penalty) are not functioning well.  相似文献   

High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein is present in the cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with encephalitis     

Miyasho T  Nakamura K  Nomura S  Kawasako K  Nakade T  Yamada S  Yokota H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(7):917-922

Many cases of encephalitic disease with unknown etiologies have been reported in specific breeds of small dogs. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in neuronal cells was recently found to be a novel cytokine-like mediator that is a marker of neuronal necrosis and inflammation. The aim of this study was to determine whether HMGB1 levels are elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of dogs suspected of having encephalitis. CSF was obtained from 31 dogs that were diagnosed with an encephalitic disease by clinical examinations and magnetic resonance image (MRI) scanning. The CSF samples were analyzed via western blotting (WB) and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with a polyclonal antibody against HMGB1. The mean HMGB1 concentration was significantly higher in the encephalitic dogs than that in the healthy controls. The concentrations of HMGB1 were correlated with the cell counts and total protein concentrations, which are known CSF indicators of the neuronal inflammation associated with encephalitis. These results suggest that HMGB1 protein in CSF confirms the presence of necrosis and inflammation in most cases of canine encephalitis and that HMGB1 will be a new indicator of encephalitis.  相似文献   

Mycobacterium ulcerans infection in an Indian flap-shelled turtle (Lissemys punctata punctata)     

Sakaguchi K  Iima H  Hirayama K  Okamoto M  Matsuda K  Miyasho T  Kasamatsu M  Hasegawa K  Taniyama H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(9):1217-1220

We report an atypical mycobacterial infection in an Indian flap-shelled turtle, Lissemys punctata punctata, that died in an aquarium in Japan. At necropsy, the turtle showed multiple white nodules on the capsular surface and parenchyma of various organs such as the liver, spleen, intestine, and lung. Histologically, granulomatous inflammation surrounding a central zone of necrosis was observed. Sections stained by the Ziehl-Neelsen method revealed numerous acid-fast bacilli in the cytoplasm of macrophages and in the central area of necrosis. The organisms were identified as a mycobacterial species by PCR and nucleotide sequence analysis and revealed 98-100% homology to M. ulcerans. This is, to our knowledge, the first report of mycobacteriosis due to M. ulcerans in a turtle.  相似文献   

Pathology of ten cases of canine primary lung tumor     

A Nii  H Nakayama  R Takahashi  K Fujiwara 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1985,47(5):811-815

  相似文献   

Effect of reticuloendothelial system blocking on Tyzzer's disease of mice     

H Nakayama  A Nii  S Oguihara  S Inoue  N Okada  K Fujiwara 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1986,48(2):211-217

  相似文献   

Tonsillar abscess caused by "Tonsillophilus suis" infection in fattening pigs.     

S Murakami  Y Okazaki  M Shiozawa  H Oishi  T Koeda  K Gotou  R Azuma  H Fujiwara 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1991,53(4):755-757

  相似文献   

Effects of interleukin-2 on active hepatitis in athymic nude mice due to low-virulence mouse hepatitis virus     

N Goto  K Doi  T Inoue  Y Murai  K Fujiwara 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1988,50(4):879-885

  相似文献