Actinomycosis of the brain and temporal bone in a goat     

Hirai T  Nunoya T  Azuma R 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(6):641-643

A goat with neurologic signs had multifocal abscesses containing sulfur granules in the right brain and temporal bone. Histologically, the lesions consisted of pyogranulomas with several radiating bacterial colonies of various sizes. A tangled mass of filamentous and gram-positive bacteria was recognized in the central part of the colony. Actinomyces naeslundii antigen was detected in the colonies of bacteria in the brain and neighboring bone tissue by immunohistochemistry. Actinomycosis involving the central nervous system (CNS) and temporal bone is rare in animals. Cerebral infection with A. naeslundii may have resulted from direct extension from cervicofacial regions because the CNS lesions were distributed asymmetrically and were continuous with the right temporal bone.  相似文献   

Histological Characteristics of the Regression of Corpora Lutea in Wistar Hannover Rats: the Comparisons with Sprague-Dawley Rats     

Junko Sato  Satomi Hashimoto  Takuya Doi  Naoaki Yamada  Minoru Tsuchitani 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2014,27(2):107-113

We examined the ovaries of 44 Wistar Hannover (RccHan^TM:WIST) (WH) and 30 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats at 32-weeks of age to determine whether the ovarian structure and formation/regression of the corpora lutea (CLs) differ between the two strains. The average ovary weight was higher in WH rats. The average number of all CLs, including currently formed and previously formed CLs, was higher in WH rats in all cycles; however, no appreciable difference was detected in the number of newly or currently formed CLs between the two strains. CLs regression characterized by degeneration and necrosis of luteal cells began to appear in diestrus in both strains; however, the distribution of degenerated/necrotic cells in CLs differed. Necrotic cells were scattered in SD rats but were focally observed in the center of the CL in WH rats. The reduction in size of previously formed CLs accompanied by regression started about 2 or more stages later in WH rats than in those of SD rats. In conclusion, the higher number of CLs in WH rats is considered to be due to slow CL regression compared with in SD rats.  相似文献   

Effect of food amount and temperature on growth rate and aerobic scope of juvenile chum salmon     

Iino  Yuki  Kitagawa  Takashi  Abe  Takaaki K.  Nagasaka  Tsuyoshi  Shimizu  Yuichi  Ota  Katsuhiko  Kawashima  Takuya  Kawamura  Tomohiko 《Fisheries Science》2022,88(3):397-409

Offshore migration of Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. is partly triggered by increasing body size and high motility in the early stages of life. The survival of juvenile salmon may depend on their growth rate during the first few months in the sea, and this factor partly regulates the dynamics of adult populations. Here, we assessed the effects of water temperature and food availability on the growth of juvenile chum salmon O. keta. In addition, by combining the measurements of metabolic performance for growth and activity (Absolute Aerobic Scope: AAS) with a bioenergetics model, we estimated the energy allocation for different activities in the juveniles. Under high temperatures (14 °C), juveniles reared at low food levels (1% body weight) allocated less than half their energy for growth than those reared at high food levels (4% body weight). These findings suggest that high temperature and low food level constrain the growth of juveniles, providing an insight into the effect of the recent increase in warm and low-nutrient water masses on survival of juveniles and catches of adult chum salmon on the Pacific side of Honshu Island, Japan.

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Morphological analyses of nephrin expression in progressive glomerulonephropathy of common marmosets     

Naoaki Yamada  Takuya Doi  Junko Sato  Takeshi Inoue  Minoru Tsuchitani  Yoshiyasu Kobayashi 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2021,34(1):83

In this study, we focused on nephrin, one of the key molecules within the slit diaphragm of podocytes, as although there have been reports on its expression in humans and rats, their presence in common marmosets has not been reported. We investigated nephrin expression and changes in glomeruli, depending on the development of spontaneous progressive glomerulonephropathy in common marmosets. Nineteen common marmosets at two to ten years of age were evaluated. The kidney was examined by microscopy with hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemical staining for nephrin. The lesions were classified into three grades according to a renal lesion grading system reported previously. The nephrin-positive area was measured by morphometric analysis, and the nephrin-positive ratio was calculated. Nephrin expression was observed along the glomerular capillary loop in a continuous linear pattern in renal lesion grades 0 to 2 and either discontinuous linear or coarse granular pattern in grade 3. Nephrin expression tended to decrease significantly depending on the grade of renal lesions. Alteration in nephrin expression has been suggested to play an important role in the progression of renal lesions.  相似文献   

Successful measures to prevent the spread of bovine papular stomatitis in a dairy farm     

Masaki KATO  Daiki KAWASHIMA  Yui ITO  Osamu YAMAMOTO  Hiromi NAKAJIMA  Takuya OIZUMI  Kaori SHIMIZU  Yasuo INOSHIMA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(2):304

Nasal papules and oral ulcers were observed in calves that were group-housed at a dairy farm. The calves were diagnosed with bovine papular stomatitis (BPS) due to parapoxvirus (PPV) infection based on virologic examinations using polymerase chain reaction to detect PPV. To prevent the spread of BPS, we isolated the affected calves, made procedural changes so that the affected herd was managed after the healthy herd, disinfected the bedding with slaked lime, disinfected the stalls and fences with invert soap, and changed the animals’ feed to soft grass which does not damage the oral cavity. As a result, we succeeded in control the infection quickly.  相似文献   

Simultaneous Determination of Gas and Particle Dry Deposition onto Conditioned Surrogate Surfaces     

Susumu Tohno  Takuya Takano  Mikio Kasahara 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2001,130(1-4):535-540

Aerodynamically designed surrogate surfaces were used to determine the relative importance of gaseous (SO₂, HNO₃, NH₃) and particulate species (SO₄ ^2?, NO₃ ^?, NH₄ ⁺, Ca²⁺) in the dry deposition flux. For 11 sampling periods, we measured the deposition fluxes, ambient gaseous concentrations, size distributions of atmospheric aerosols and some meteorological parameters in Uji. The dry deposition of the gas to a nearly perfect sink was calculated by subtracting the greased surface flux from the total deposition flux to both the greased and reagent impregnated (or water) surface. It was found that the gas phase deposition contributed significantly more (60–93%) than the particulate phase to overall deposition of sulfur and nitrogen compounds. The dry deposition velocities of the species were also calculated using the deposition fluxes and the measured ambient concentrations. Comparisons were made between the measured and modeled particulate deposition flux.  相似文献   

Application of a Molecular Method for the Identification of a Gigaspora margarita Isolate Released in a Field     

Kazuhira Yokoyama  Takahiro Tateishi  Masanori Saito  Takuya Marumoto 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2005,51(1):125-128

A molecular technique for the identification of the Gigaspora margarita isolate CK based on the detection of a DNA sequence of 235 bp as its diagnostic marker was evaluated to investigate the survival and establishment of introduced arbuscular mycorrizal fungi (AMF) in a field ecosystem. In March 2001, roots and rhizosphere soil of Eragrostis curvula and Miscanthus sinensis were collected from the Mizunashi River at Mt. Fugendake (Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan), where plant seeds and AMF including G. margarita CK had been introduced for reforestation after the occurrence of repeated pyroclastic flows. We detected the marker sequence from DNA preparations of E. curvula roots and Gigaspora spores in the rhizosphere. This clearly showed that the isolate occurred at both hyphal and sporal stages. It was shown that the isolate survived and developed a life cycle in the revegetation area for 4 years. It was confirmed that the method was effective for tracing the isolate in samples collected from field ecosystems.  相似文献   

Synchronization of cellular clocks in the suprachiasmatic nucleus     

Yamaguchi S  Isejima H  Matsuo T  Okura R  Yagita K  Kobayashi M  Okamura H 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,302(5649):1408-1412

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Impact of a 5-year winter cover crop rotational system on the molecular diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonizing roots of subsequent soybean     

Masao Higo  Katsunori Isobe  Rhae A. Drijber  Takuya Kondo  Moe Yamaguchi  Saki Takeyama  Yasuhito Suzuki  Daisuke Niijima  Yukiya Matsuda  Ryuichi Ishii  Yoichi Torigoe 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2014,50(6):913-926

The impact of winter cover crops, specifically wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), and rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) or winter fallow, on community composition of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in subsequent soybean roots was investigated in a 5-year field trial on andosolic soils in Japan. Soybean roots were sampled at full-flowering and analyzed for AMF communities using a partial LSU rDNA region. Phylogenetic analysis detected 22 AMF phylotypes, including eight Glomus, three Gigaspora, two Scutellospora, three Acaulospora, two Rhizophagus, and one of Funneliformis, Diversispora, Paraglomus, and an unknown glomeromycete in the roots. The 5-year rotation of different winter cover crops or winter fallow did not impact the molecular diversity of AMF communities colonizing the roots of subsequent soybean. In all of the rotations, Glomus and Gigaspora phylotypes were common to soybean roots over the 5-year period. Redundancy analysis (RDA) demonstrated that AMF communities in the roots of subsequent soybean were not significantly different among winter cover crop rotations or fallow. However, AMF communities in soybean roots were clearly influenced by rotation year suggesting that climate or other environmental factors were more important than winter cover cropping system management.  相似文献   

Cadmium accumulation in the shoots and roots of 93 weed species     

Takuya ABE  Motohiro FUKAMI  Masaru OGASAWARA 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2008,54(4):566-573

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