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排序方式： 共有171条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
André Tadeu Gotardo Rafael Lanzelloti Fonseca Fabiano Barreto Caroline Andrade Tomaszewski Lucas Suchecki Barnet Tamara Castilho Silvana Lima Górniak 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2020,43(5):477-484
Ivermectin (IVM) is one of the most widely used antiparasitic drugs worldwide and has become the drug of choice for anthelmintic and tick treatment in beef cattle production. It is known that pharmacokinetic parameters are fundamental to the rational use of a drug and food safety and these parameters are influenced by different factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetic profile of IVM in Bos indicus, Bos taurus, and crossbreed cattle (B. indicus × B. taurus) kept under same field conditions and the possible impacts of sex and IVM formulation (1% and 3.15%). It was observed that IVM concentration was significantly affected by breed. The plasma concentrations of IVM, AUC, Cmax, and t1/2β were significantly higher in B. indicus compared to B. taurus. Crossbreed animals showed an intermediate profile between European and Indian cattle. No alteration in pharmacokinetics parameters was detected when comparing different gender. Concerning the pharmacokinetic data of IVM formulation, it was verified that Tmax, AUC, and t1/2β were higher in 3.15% IVM animals than those from 1% IVM formulation. The results clearly indicated that the IVM plasma concentrations in B. indicus were higher than that in B. taurus. 相似文献
102.
Alex Gillen MA MS VetMB CertAVP DACVS-LA DECVS MRCVS Amelia Munsterman MS PhD DVM DACVS-LA DAVECC CVP Erin Barrett MS Stephanie Caston DVM DACVS-LA Kevin Kersh DVM DACVS-LA Dane Tatarniuk MS DVM DACVS-LA Tamara Swor MS DVM DACVS DACVECC R. Reid Hanson DVM DACVS DAVECC 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2020,49(8):1555-1562
103.
Tamara F. J. Fitters Sacha J. Mooney Debbie L. Sparkes 《Soil Use and Management》2022,38(1):1033-1043
On average, sugar beet yield in the UK is reduced by 10% due to water limitation. The root system of a plant is responsible for water uptake and hence an extensive root system is crucial to mitigate drought stress. There might be varietal differences when it comes to plant root system architecture but so far none have been reported in sugar beet. This study shows the results of 2 years of field experiments, examining the rooting patterns and overall plant growth of sugar beet under both rainfed and irrigated conditions. In the first year, three varieties were assessed, and in the second year, five varieties. No significant yield differences were found between the rainfed and irrigated treatments, which is likely due to the applied drought stress only being mild in both years. There were, however, significant varietal differences in plant growth and rooting patterns in rainfed plants which were most distinct when plants were subjected to mild drought stress. Varietal differences observed might indicate the possibility of breeding for certain root traits to mitigate drought stress in sugar beet in the future. 相似文献
104.
Chelsea D. Tripp Jeffrey N. Bryan Tamara B. Wills 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2009,38(1):87-90
Abstract: An 11‐year‐old male castrated Australian Shepherd was presented with a history of lethargy, panting, and weight loss for 1 month. Physical examination revealed a moderately enlarged spleen. Laboratory abnormalities included thrombocytopenia and marked hypercalcemia, with hyperglobulinemia, hypoalbuminemia, and a monoclonal spike in the β‐globulin region on serum protein electrophoresis. Serum total calcium concentration was markedly increased (16.5 mg/dL, reference interval 8.9–11.4 mg/dL) but ionized calcium concentration (1.39 mmol/L) was within the reference interval (1.25–1.45 mmol/L). Isosthenuria was noted, but the dog was not polyuric or polydipsic. Serum parathyroid hormone concentration was within reference limits and parathyroid hormone‐related peptide concentration was 0 pmol/L. Radiographic findings were largely unremarkable. Results of cytologic evaluation of a fine‐needle aspirate specimen from the spleen indicated plasma cell neoplasia. Based on the results of the electrophoresis, splenic aspirates, radiographs, and hypercalcemia, a diagnosis of splenic multiple myeloma was made. The marked hypercalcemia, normal ionized calcium and parathyroid hormone concentrations, and lack of osteolytic lesions indicated a presumptive increase in protein‐bound serum calcium, likely due to binding to molecules of the paraprotein (M protein). Protein binding of calcium in dogs with multiple myeloma should be considered as a potential mechanism of elevated total serum calcium concentration. 相似文献
105.
106.
Tamara L. Grubb DVM J.H. Foreman G. John Benson John C. Thurmon William J. Tranquilli Peter D. Constable William O. Olson Lloyd E. Davis 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1996,10(6):401-404
Calcium gluconate was administered to conscious horses at 3 different rates (0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 mg/kg/min for 15 minutes each). Serum calcium concentrations and parameters of cardiovascular function were evaluated. All 3 calcium administration rates caused marked increases in both ionized and total calcium concentrations, cardiac index, stroke index, and cardiac contractility (dP/dtmax ). Mean arterial pressure and right atrial pressure were unchanged; heart rate de creased markedly during calcium administration. Ionized calcium concentration remained between 54% and 57% of total calcium concentration throughout the study. We conclude that calcium gluconate can safely be administered to conscious horses at 0.1 to 0.4 mg/kg/min and that administration will result in improved cardiac function. 相似文献
107.
- 1. This study was conducted to determine whether there were significant differences in the species richness and community composition of fish assemblages in coastal nearshore habitats with differing compositions of supralittoral vegetation.
- 2. We sampled fish assemblages and conducted supralittoral vegetation surveys at 27 beaches on the west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia. Thirteen of the beaches had supralittoral vegetation characteristic of old‐growth coastal forests and 14 had been previously subjected to logging or other disturbances.
- 3. Physical features (e.g. substrate, salinity, etc.) were recorded at each beach to determine whether there were significant associations between supralittoral vegetation and beach characteristics as well as between beach characteristics and fish assemblages.
- 4. Across all 27 beaches, 1832 individuals of 31 species of nearshore fish were collected, primarily juvenile cottids and salmonids. Mean species richness did not differ between beaches with old‐growth versus secondary‐growth supralittoral vegetation; however, a higher cumulative number of species was found at beaches with old‐growth supralittoral vegetation.
- 5. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) showed that beach characteristics and supralittoral vegetation were not significantly associated. Separate CCA for fish associations with beach characteristics and fish associations with supralittoral vegetation explained ～55% of the variance in fish assemblage composition, suggesting that fish assemblage composition is significantly affected by substrate, submerged vegetation, and physico‐chemical conditions as well as by the community composition of vegetation in adjacent supralittoral habitats.
- 6. Specifically, we found associations between supralittoral vegetation and penpoint gunnels (Apodichthys flavidus Girard), tidepool sculpins (Oligocottus maculosus Girard), Pacific staghorn sculpins (Leptocottus armatus Girard), arrow gobies (Clevelandia ios Jordan and Gilbert), shiner perch (Cymatogaster aggregata Gibbons) and kelp perch (Brachyistius frenatus Gill). Juvenile chum (Oncorhynchus keta Walbaum) and coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch Walbaum) salmon were strongly associated with supralittoral vegetation characteristic of mature coastal forests such as mosses and western red cedar (Thuja plicata) suggesting that some nearshore fish species may be affected by processes originating in terrestrial ecosystems.
- 7. Our results suggest that some nearshore fish species may be affected by removal of supralittoral vegetation.
108.
OBJECTIVES: To determine if participants would be interested in consuming soy foods to lower cholesterol in primary and secondary prevention of heart disease, and to identify the role physicians and registered dietitians have in providing dietary advice, about soy foods or other foods, for participants with elevated cholesterol. METHODOLOGY: Qualitative data from 12 focus groups were gathered from a convenience sample of 74 adults, aged 18-91 years, with and without high cholesterol (total cholesterol >200 mg dl(-1)). Participants were recruited from Minneapolis/St. Paul mainstream and natural foods grocery stores. Focus group interviews were taped and transcribed verbatim. Common themes were identified, coded and compared using NVivo computer software. RESULTS: Participants believed diet, lifestyle and genetics were the cause of high cholesterol and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Few participants were aware of the Food and Drug Administration health claim for soy protein, yet many were willing to consume soy as part of lifestyle modification to prevent CVD. They reported preferring food and exercise over medication to treat high cholesterol. Few participants had ever received dietary advice from physicians on treating high cholesterol or CVD, and most doubted the accuracy of such advice. They believed registered dietitians were the most credible source of nutrition counselling and expressed an interest in physician referrals to dietitians. CONCLUSIONS: A collaboration and referral system between physicians and registered dietitians could increase CVD patients' consumption of soy foods as a means potentially leading to a reduced risk of heart disease in participants. 相似文献
109.
Seven selected benzoxazinoid allelochemicals and synthetic reference compounds were tested for their lethal and sublethal effects in different field soils and standard soil on Folsomia candida and Poecilus cupreus by applying standard laboratory test procedures. The higher microbial activity in the field soils was most probably responsible for the reduced effects of test compounds on F. candida in the majority of all tests, whereas the higher organic carbon content in field soils was likely the reason for the reduced effects of test substances on P. cupreus. 相似文献
110.
Bohn AA Wills TB West CL Tucker RL Bagley RS 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2006,35(3):315-320
BACKGROUND: Diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities in dogs can be challenging antemortem. Historically, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis has been used for routine diagnostic evaluation of animals with suspected neurologic disease; however, with increasing availability of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, the need for concurrent CSF analysis may be questioned. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to retrospectively assess and compare the diagnostic information contributed from MR imaging and CSF analysis in a population of dogs presenting with neurologic disease. METHODS: Results of concurrent MR imaging and CSF analysis were evaluated in dogs presented for neurologic diseases. Based on clinical diagnosis, the sensitivity of CSF analysis and MR imaging for detecting a nervous system abnormality was calculated. Dogs with diagnoses confirmed by other diagnostic modalities were also evaluated separately. RESULTS: A total of 256 dogs were included in the study. For clinical diagnoses in which abnormalities were expected, MR imaging abnormalities were found in 89% and CSF abnormalities in 75% of dogs; CSF abnormalities were more common than MR imaging abnormalities only in inflammatory CNS disease. The majority of CSF abnormalities were nonspecific; an etiologic diagnosis was determined in only 2% of CSF samples. MR imaging excelled in detecting structural disorders, revealing 98% of vertebral abnormalities. In confirmed cases (n = 55), 76% of MR images and 9% of CSF samples were diagnostic. When intervertebral disk disease (IVDD) and vertebral malformation were excluded from analysis (n = 16 remaining), 25% of MR images and 6% of CSF cytology results were highly indicative of the confirmed diagnoses; CSF titer results provided the diagnosis in 25% of these cases. CONCLUSION: CSF analysis may not be necessary when MR findings of IVDD or vertebral malformation/instability are obvious; however, when the cause of neurologic disorder is uncertain, concurrent MR imaging and CSF analysis provides the greatest assistance in establishing a clinical diagnosis. 相似文献