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The importance of demographic niches to tree diversity 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Condit R Ashton P Bunyavejchewin S Dattaraja HS Davies S Esufali S Ewango C Foster R Gunatilleke IA Gunatilleke CV Hall P Harms KE Hart T Hernandez C Hubbell S Itoh A Kiratiprayoon S Lafrankie J de Lao SL Makana JR Noor MN Kassim AR Russo S Sukumar R Samper C Suresh HS Tan S Thomas S Valencia R Vallejo M Villa G Zillio T 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,313(5783):98-101
Most ecological hypotheses about species coexistence hinge on species differences, but quantifying trait differences across species in diverse communities is often unfeasible. We examined the variation of demographic traits using a global tropical forest data set covering 4500 species in 10 large-scale tree inventories. With a hierarchical Bayesian approach, we quantified the distribution of mortality and growth rates of all tree species at each site. This allowed us to test the prediction that demographic differences facilitate species richness, as suggested by the theory that a tradeoff between high growth and high survival allows species to coexist. Contrary to the prediction, the most diverse forests had the least demographic variation. Although demographic differences may foster coexistence, they do not explain any of the 16-fold variation in tree species richness observed across the tropics. 相似文献
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Margherita Rodolfi Annalisa Silvanini Benedetta Chiancone Matteo Marieschi Andrea Fabbri Renato Bruni Tommaso Ganino 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2018,65(5):1405-1422
Nine genic SSR loci were used to evaluate the genetic diversity and identify accessions in wild Italian Humulus lupulus L., in comparison with widely cultivated European and U.S. commercial cultivars. A collection of 80 wild hop samples from Italy and 43 hop cultivars from Europe and U.S., were characterized. Allelic frequency analysis revealed 65 distinct Italian genotypes and differentiated all the commercial cultivars; moreover, specific alleles were observed for wild and cultivated hops. The number of alleles identified in the wild population were 104 and 123 within all the accessions. The maximum polymorphic information content was evidenced for locus HlGA23 in the Italian wild population and in the whole set of accessions (0.905 and 0.902 respectively). The dendrogram constructed from Euclidean distance with the UPGMA method showed two main clusters, one including commercial American and European accessions and one mostly composed by wild Italian accessions. Model-based clustering (Bayesian method) placed the accessions into five germplasm groups, one of which was characterized by Italian genotypes only. The study showed for the first time the great biodiversity present in Italy, and the remarkable differences with European and American hops. It was also found that within the population of north-central Italy a large genetic variability is present, suited to be studied and exploited; this genetic wealth could be used in future breeding programs in order to develop new hop varieties carrying characteristics useful for brewers. 相似文献