Studies on Maize-Legume Intercropping and their Residual Effects on Soil Fertility Status and Succeeding Crop in Upland Situation     

S. Adhikary    D. K. Bagchi    P. Ghosal    R. N. Banerjee  B. N. Chatterjee 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1991,167(5):289-293

To examine the advantages of cereal-legume intercropping system with maize as main crops, field studies conducted for two years on sandy upland loamy soils in Bihar plateau, India, indicated maize-groundnut as the best system. Yield advantages were noticed between 22–44 % over sole maize cropping. Different production indices largely indicated the same pattern in ranking intercropping treatments. Of the other legumes used, mung also showed potential whereas cowpea and soyabean did not. Increasing cropping intensities through use of interspace by legume did not significantly reduce maize yield, particularly in combination with groundnut and mung. Soil nitrogen enrichment through legume cultivation could be noted through examination of soil test values and yield of succeeding wheat crop. Wheat, however, did not show its promise as a follow-up crop without input of water and fertilizer.  相似文献   

Safety and therapeutic efficacy of undenatured type‐ii collagen (UC‐II) in comparison to glucosamine and chondroitin in arthritic horses     

R. C. Gupta  D. Bagchi  P. Skaggs  A. Stocker  K. Wegford  J. T. Goad  T. D. Canerdy  M. Bagchi  D. Barnett  W. Dewees 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2009,93(2):142-142

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis, which causes severe inflammation and loss of cartilage. It is a debilitating disease that commonly affects thousands of horses each year. Recently, we assessed the anti‐arthritic and anti‐inflammatory potential of undenatured type II collagen (UC‐II) in horses. This comparative investigation evaluated arthritic pain in horses receiving daily placebo, UC‐II 320 mg/day (providing 80 mg active UC‐II), 480 mg/day (providing 120 mg active UC‐II), or 640 mg/day (providing 160 mg active UC‐II), and glucosamine and chondroitin (5.4 g/day and 1.8 g/day, respectively, bid for the first month, and thereafter once daily) for 150 days. Pain in each leg was evaluated using the flexion test and the lameness‐grading system after the initial two strides. Average pain of all four legs represented the pain for each horse. Horses receiving placebo showed no change in arthritic condition, while those receiving 320, 480, or 640 mg UC‐II exhibited significant reduction in arthritic pain (P < 0.05). UC‐II at 480 mg dose provided optimal effects. With this dose, reduction in overall pain was from 5.7 ± 0.0.42 (100%) to 0.7 ± 0.42 (12%); and in pain upon limb manipulation from 2.35 ± 0.37 (100%) to 0.52 ± 0.18 (22%). In regards to glucosamine and chondroitin treated group, although reduction in pain was significant compared to pretreated values, the efficacy was significantly less compared with that observed with UC‐II. UC‐II was found to be twice as effective as glucosamine and chondroitin in arthritic horses. Clinically, physical condition, and liver (ALP, GGT, and bilirubin), kidney (BUN and creatinine), and heart (CK) functions remained unchanged, suggesting that these supplements were well tolerated. Overall, these results demonstrate that UC‐II was significantly more efficacious than glucosamine and chondroitin in arthritic horses.  相似文献   

Effect of silicate minerals (zeolite,bentonite, kaolin,granite) on in vitro fermentation of amorphous cellulose,meadow hay,wheat straw and barley     

Váradyová Z  Baran M  Siroka P  Styriaková I 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2003,116(7-8):317-321

The objective of the present experiment was to determine the effects of addition of silicate minerals, zeolite (Z), bentonite (B), kaolin (K), granite (G) on the rumen fermentation parameters, total gas, methane, total and individual volatile fatty acids (VFA) and hydrogen recovery in rumen fluid inoculum from sheep. Different materials (0.25 g) meadow hay (MH), wheat straw (WS), barley (BA) and amorphous cellulose (AC) were used as substrates. Silicate minerals (0.1 g) were added to the fermentation bottles containing substrates and rumen fluid inoculum and incubated for 72 h in vitro. The gas production technique simulates fermentation in the rumen was used to determine fermentation parameters. The total gas production was significantly higher compared to control for MH plus B (MHB), MH plus G (MHG), WS plus Z (WSZ), WS plus B (WSB), WS plus K (WSK), WS plus G (WSG), AC plus B (ACB), AC plus G (ACG), BA plus Z (BAZ), BA plus B (BAB), BA plus K (BAK), BA plus granite (BAG). Significant differences of the methane production were found between the controls, WSG, BAB and BAK. The total VFA concentration was increased in ACG (83.1 mM). The acetate: propionate (A:P) ratio of the control and additives ranged between 3.1 and 3.6 for MH, 2.7 and 3.5 for WS, 1.6 and 1.8 for AC and 2.3 and 2.9 for BA. It was concluded that the silicate minerals had no appreciable effect on the methane production, however, they support the microbial metabolism by influencing (bentonite, granite) and slightly influencing (zeolite, kaolin) the rumen fermentation.  相似文献   

The maize transposable element Ds is spliced from RNA   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  

S R Wessler  G Baran  M Varagona 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1987,237(4817):916-918

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The digestibility of unprocessed beech sawdust and its effect on the utilization of food by goats and rams     

D Jalc  L Zelenák  K Bod'a  M Baran  P Z Lagodjuk  G I Kalacnjuk 《Veterinární medicína》1983,28(5):279-284

Trials were performed with wethers and goats to study the effect of non-conditioned beech sawdust (NBS) on the digestibility of nutrients and energy in granular diets. Besides this, the effect of the administration of different diets on the digestibility of NBS was studied by the in vitro method after Méllenberger et al. (1970). NBS was used in diets for replacing hay at the rates of 0, 5, 10 and 20%. The inclusion of NBS in diets reduced nutrient and energy digestibility in diets given to wethers and goats; the larger the proportion of NBP, the higher the reduction. Goats showed higher values of nutrient and energy digestibility than wethers. The digestibility of NBS dry matter determined by the in-vitro method increased with higher NBS proportions in diets, as found from rumen fluid sampled from wethers and goats fed different diets.  相似文献   

Motility of the forestomach and the level of volatile fatty acids in milk cows fed the traditional diet and the mono-diet based on corn silage]     

I Zelenák  M Baran  M Pajtás  A Sommer 《Veterinární medicína》1977,22(5):281-290

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Experimental infection of goat fetuses in utero with a stable, rough mutant of Brucella abortus.   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

R M Roop  G Jeffers  T Bagchi  J Walker  F M Enright  G G Schurig 《Research in veterinary science》1991,51(2):123-127

Fetuses of goats in their last trimester of pregnancy were experimentally infected with Brucella abortus strain RB51, a stable rough mutant deficient in the perosamine O-chain content of its lipopolysaccharide. RB51 maintained its rough phenotype in vivo and did not induce abortion. Infection with RB51 resulted in the production of significant levels of IgG type antibodies specific for B abortus cellular antigens distinct from the perosamine O-chain. These findings suggest that strain RB51 will be useful in the pregnant goat for studying the role of brucella antigens other than the lipopolysaccharide O-chain in the immune response to brucellosis.  相似文献   

Effect of feeding pelleted feed on the level of volatile fatty acids in the digestive tract of sheep]     

M Baran  I Zelenák  M Piatková 《Veterinární medicína》1979,24(1):49-57

In an experiment with wethers we investigated the effect of complete pelleted feed ration on the concentration of volatile fatty acids in the rumen and intestinal tract. The animals consumed daily 1,300 g of dry matter of a diet which contained 41.81% of meadow hay, 25.28% of barley, 15.37% of sawdust, 14.98% of molasses, 1.32% of urea and 1.24% of a vitamin-mineral supplement for a period of six months. The pelleted diet increased the total amount of volatile fatty acids, the content of propionic acid and especially the content of butyric acid. There appeared a decrease in the ratio of acetate: propionate. On the basis of the greater energy efficiency of the volatile fatty acid production the animals fed pelleted feed showed a better energy balance. A higher VFA concentration was determined also in the large intestine and the cecum, which proves the importance of fermentation porcesses in these organs.  相似文献   

Effect of dietary saponin rich soapnut (Sapindus mukorossi) shell powder on growth performance,immunity, serum biochemistry and gut health of broiler chickens     

Indrajit Bera  Praveen K. Tyagi  Nasir Akbar Mir  Jubeda Begum  Kapil Dev  Pramod K. Tyagi  Avishek Biswas  Divya Sharma  Asit Baran Mandal 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2019,103(6):1800-1809

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary soapnut (Sapindus mukorossi) shell powder (SSP), a cheap source of saponins, on growth performance, immunity, serum biochemistry and gut health of broiler chickens. The experimental design was 4×2, employing four saponin levels (0, 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg diet), each provided for two time durations (0–42 day and 21–42 day) resulting into eight dietary treatments. Results revealed no significant effect of dietary saponins on body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio of birds. The abdominal fat percentage, heterophil to lymphocyte ratio, serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels, faecal total plate count, coliform count and E. coli count decreased (p < .05) progressively with increasing saponin levels and lower values were observed at 150 mg and 200 mg saponin levels. Significant improvement of cell‐mediated and humoral immune response was observed in birds fed 150 mg and 200 mg saponin compared to control. The serum glucose concentration was significantly (p < .05) higher in control group compared to other groups. No significant effects of dietary saponin were observed on carcass characteristics, faecal Lactobacillus count, intestinal histomorphometry and cost economics of broiler chicken production. Thus, dietary saponins at 150 mg/kg diet as SSP for three weeks (21–42 days) was optimum for better immunity and welfare of birds without adverse effects on the growth performance.  相似文献   

Energy Input-Output Analysis of Organic Grape Production: A Case Study from Adiyaman Province     

Mehmet Fırat Baran  Fuat Lüle  Osman Gökdoğan 《Erwerbs-Obstbau》2017,59(4):275-279

In this study, it was aimed to perform an energy analysis of organic grape production in Besni district of Ad?yaman province of Turkey. In order to determine the energy input-output of organic grape production, the observations and surveys were performed in the 82 organic grape growers in Ad?yaman province. 82 farms were selected on full count method. The data obtained from study were collected from 82 different farms (398.32 hectares) by face to face questionnaires and observations. In organic grape farms, energy input-output analysis was also determinated by observation and survey methods in production season in 2015. In organic grape production, energy input was calculated as 24,875.06?MJ?ha^?1 and energy output was calculated as 163,430?MJ?ha^?1. Energy use efficiency, energy productivity, specific energy and net energy in organic grape production were calculated as 6.57; 0.56?kg?MJ^?1, 1.79?MJ?kg^?1 and 138,554.94?MJ?ha^?1, respectively.  相似文献