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31.
This study examines chemokine CXCL14-like peptide distribution in the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) pancreas using a specific anti-human CXCL14 antibody. CXCL14-immunoreactive cells were observed in the pancreatic islet peripheral region. The staining was abolished after pre-absorbing the antibody with recombinant human CXCL14. CXCL14-immunoreactive cells were immuno-positive for somatostatin, but not glucagon and insulin. CXCL14 secreted from somatostatin-producing cells might participate in insulin secretion modulation together with somatostatin. In addition, CXCL14 might participate in glucose homeostasis in co-operation with somatostatin and growth hormone. 相似文献
32.
Nakaichi M Itamoto K Hasegawa K Morimoto M Hayashi T Une S Taura Y Tanaka K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(1):65-67
Three dogs had a diagnosis of maxillofacial rhabdomyosarcoma. These dogs were treated with surgery and/or radiotherapy, and had poor clinical responses. The tumor tissues in all three cases were observed around the upper premolar teeth with ulcerative lesions and CT examinations in each case revealed extensive bony involvement into the maxilla. Two cases were subjected to surgical excision of the tissues, followed by an external radiation therapy. The other case was only treated with palliative radiation. Outcomes of the treatment of all the cases were quite poor because of the invasive and refractory nature of the tumor cells, leading to the local recurrence and lung metastasis early in the clinical course. All dogs died within two months of the first admission. 相似文献
33.
Takanashi M Nasu T Murakami T Yasuda M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(9):985-988
The secondary lymphoid tissues appear in sheep ileum after involution of ileal Peyer's patch (PP). However, the existence of the secondary lymphoid tissues before involution of ileal PP has not yet been studied. We examined morphological characteristics of the full length of calf ileal PP using gross and microscopic anatomical techniques. Most areas of ileal PP consisted of densely packed lymphatic follicles contained very few follicular T-cell and associated with only scant interfollicular areas. However, the proximal end of ileal PP consisted of widely dispersed lymphatic follicles contained many follicular T-cell and associated with large interfollicular areas. The histological architectures of the proximal end of ileal PP strongly resembled those of the secondary lymphoid tissue in calf. 相似文献
34.
We examined the distribution of the orexin‐like peptides in the pituitary and median eminence of the flat‐tailed house gecko (Hemidactylus platyurus) using immunohistochemistry. Orexin‐B‐like, but not orexin‐A‐like, immunoreactivity was detected in the pituitary, specifically in the pars intermedia, and these cells corresponded to alpha‐melanocyte‐stimulating hormone (αMSH)‐producing cells. Orexin‐B and αMSH secreted from pars intermedia may modulate secretion of adenohypophyseal cells in the pars distalis. In the median eminence, orexin‐B‐immunoreactive puncta and fibres were observed, and these structures corresponded to gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH)‐immunoreactive puncta and fibres. Orexin‐B secreted from GnRH‐containing neurons in the hypothalamus may affect thyrotropin‐releasing hormone‐containing neurons resulting in modulation of αMSH secretion of melanotrophs in the pars intermedia. 相似文献
35.
Motoyuki Ishimori Hideki Takanashi Masaru Fujimoto Hiromi Kajiya-Kanegae Junichi Yoneda Tsuyoshi Tokunaga Nobuhiro Tsutsumi Hiroyoshi Iwata 《Breeding Science》2021,71(4):444
According to Fisher’s principles, an experimental field is typically divided into multiple blocks for local control. Although homogeneity is supposed within a block, this assumption may not be practical for large blocks, such as those including hundreds of plots. In line evaluation trials, which are essential in plant breeding, field heterogeneity must be carefully treated, because it can cause bias in the estimation of genetic potential. To more accurately estimate genotypic values in a large field trial, we developed spatial kernel models incorporating genome-wide markers, which consider continuous heterogeneity within a block and over the field. In the simulation study, the spatial kernel models were robust under various conditions. Although heritability, spatial autocorrelation range, replication number, and missing plots directly affected the estimation accuracy of genotypic values, the spatial kernel models always showed superior performance over the classical block model. We also employed these spatial kernel models for quantitative trait locus mapping. Finally, using field experimental data of bioenergy sorghum lines, we validated the performance of the spatial kernel models. The results suggested that a spatial kernel model is effective for evaluating the genetic potential of lines in a heterogeneous field. 相似文献
36.
Yoshiko Kosugi Satoru Takanashi Makoto Tani Shinjiro Ohkubo Naoko Matsuo Masayuki Itoh Shoji Noguchi Abdul Rahim Nik 《Journal of Forest Research》2012,17(3):227-240
We investigated inter-annual variation of canopy CO2 exchange (NEE) and evapotranspiration during a 7-year period over a lowland Dipterocarp forest in Pasoh, Peninsular Malaysia, using the eddy covariance method. Annual rainfall fluctuated between 1,451 and 2,235?mm during this period. Annual evapotranspiration estimated by energy budget correction and gap filling using the relationship between latent heat and available energy was 1,287?±?52?mm. Despite inter-annual variation in rainfall, annual evapotranspiration was stable, except for a slight decrease in the driest year (2009). Evapotranspiration was roughly related to the amount of available energy, but was regulated by stomatal closure to prevent excessive water loss at high vapour pressure deficit. Even during dry periods, no significant decrease in evapotranspiration occurred, as water was supplied from soil layers deeper than 0.5?m. Ecosystem respiration (RE) increased with soil water content. Daytime NEE was also stable during the 7?years, despite climate variability. Afternoon inhibition of canopy photosynthesis was seen every month. Daytime NEE did not become more negative with increasing solar radiation, or with increasing soil water content. During dry periods, gross primary production (GPP) and thus canopy gross photosynthesis decreased slightly, coupled with decreased daytime RE. In this forest, variability in rainfall pattern resulted in seasonal and inter-annual variability in micrometeorology; evapotranspiration, photosynthesis, and RE responded to these changes, and compensated for each other and/or other components of micrometeorology, resulting in rather stable annual evapotranspiration and NEE, even during a very dry year associated with an El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event. 相似文献
37.
Satoru Takanashi Tomonori Nochi Miku Abe Nanami Itaya Megumi Urakawa Katsuyoshi Sato Tao Zhuang Saori Umemura Tomohito Hayashi Yoshio Kiku Haruki Kitazawa Michael T. Rose Kouichi Watanabe Hisashi Aso 《Veterinary research》2015,46(1)
Cyclophilin A (CyPA) was originally discovered in bovine thymocytes as a cytosolic binding protein of the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporine A. Recent studies have revealed that in mice and humans, CyPA is secreted from cells in injured or infected tissues and plays a role in recruiting inflammatory cells in those tissues. Here we found that in cattle abundant level of extracellular CyPA was observed in tissues with inflammation. To aid in investigating the role of extracellular CyPA in cattle, we generated recombinant bovine CyPA (rbCyPA) and tested its biological activity as an inflammatory mediator. When bovine peripheral blood cells were treated with rbCyPA in vitro, we observed that rbCyPA reacts with the membranous surface of granulocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes. Chemotaxis analysis showed that the granulocytes migrate toward rbCyPA and the migration is inhibited by pre-treatment with an anti-bovine CyPA antibody. These results indicate that, as for mice and humans, extracellular CyPA possesses chemotactic activity to recruit inflammatory cells (e.g., granulocytes) in cattle, and could thus be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of inflammation. 相似文献
38.
Shimoda H Tamaru S Morimoto M Hayashi T Shimojima M Maeda K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(9):1241-1242
A previous serosurvey of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) among dogs suggested that dogs are well suited for use as sentinels for assessing the risk of JEV transmission to humans. To examine the clinical symptoms and duration of anti-JEV antibodies in dogs, three dogs were experimentally challenged with JEV. All JEV-infected dogs did not show any clinical signs or abnormal blood tests, except for C-reactive protein. Virus-neutralization titers rapidly increased and were maintained until 70 days postinfection, and neither the virus nor the viral genome was detected in blood. Thus, since dogs live in close proximity to humans as companion animals, they are well suited for use as sentinels for surveying the human risk of JEV infection. 相似文献
39.
We investigated effects of heterogeneous stomatal behavior on diurnal patterns of leaf gas exchange in 10 tree species. Observations were made in middle and upper canopy layers of potted tropical rainforest trees in a nursery at the Forest Research Institute Malaysia. Measurements were taken from 29 January to 3 February 2010. We measured in situ diurnal changes in net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance in three leaves of each species under natural light. In both top-canopy and sub-canopy species, midday depression of net assimilation rate occurred in late morning. Numerical analysis showed that patchy bimodal stomatal behavior occurred only during midday depression, suggesting that the distribution pattern of stomatal apertures (either uniform or non-uniform stomatal behavior) varies flexibly within single days. Direct observation of stomatal aperture using Suzuki's Universal Micro-Printing (SUMP) method demonstrated midday patchy stomatal closure that fits a bimodal pattern in Shorea leprosula Miq., Shorea macrantha Brandis. and Dipterocarpus tempehes V.Sl. Inhibition of net assimilation rate and stomatal conductance appears to be a response to changes in vapor pressure deficit (VPD). Variable stomatal closure with increasing VPD is a mechanism used by a range of species to prevent excess water loss from leaves through evapotranspiration (viz., inhibition of midday leaf gas exchange). Bimodal stomatal closure may occur among adjacent stomata within a single patch, rather than among patches on a single leaf. Our results suggest the?occurrence of patches at several scales within single leaves. Further analysis should consider variable spatial scales in heterogeneous stomatal behavior between and within patches and within single leaves. 相似文献
40.
Kotaro Kikuchi Nakahiro Iwata Takeshi Furuta Toyoki Kawabata Toshiharu Yanagawa 《Fisheries Science》2006,72(5):1042-1047
ABSTRACT: Two feeding experiments were conducted to elucidate growth performance of tiger puffer in a 10 m3 water volume closed system. In experiment 1, 1000 fish of 3.5 g average body weight were fed tiger puffer commercial feed twice daily to apparent satiation, 6 days a week for 224 days. Sand-filtered sea water was used and no water was exchanged during the rearing period. Immediately after cutting of lower teeth at day 112, daily feed consumption decreased greatly and 60 fish died in few days. Feeding rates recovered and then decreased gradually as nitrate levels increased from 600–1048 mg N/L. Fish grew to 343 g with 91% survival rate and 87% feed efficiency. Rearing conditions of experiment 2 were similar to experiment 1, except that culture water was exchanged to maintain the nitrate level less than 600 mg N/L during the 224-day experiment. Mortality and reduction of feed consumption occurred immediately after teeth cutting as was observed in experiment 1. Significant reduction of feed intake was not found during other rearing periods. Fish of 3 g grew to 303 g with 91% survival rate and 72% feed efficiency. 相似文献