Measurement of Indoor Sulfur Dioxide Emission from Coal–Biomass Briquettes     

Yugo Isobe  Kimiko Yamada  Qingyue Wang  Kazuhiko Sakamoto  Iwao Uchiyama  Tsuguo Mizoguchi  Yanrong Zhou 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2005,163(1-4):341-353

The coal–biomass briquette is an alternative fuel that replaces low-grade coal. It is expected that the use of coal–biomass briquettes will effectively reduce the indoor concentration of sulfur dioxide (SO₂) emitted during raw coal combustion. In this study, indoor concentrations of SO₂ emitted from combustion of either coal–biomass briquettes or low-grade coal in households in Nanchuan, which is in the rural area of Chongqing City, China, were measured. The acidic gases were collected using passive samplers, and the samplers were taken to the laboratory for extraction and measurement. The SO₂ concentrations resulting from the use of coal–biomass briquettes were clearly reduced compared with those resulting from the use of low-grade coal. The concentrations of SO₂ to which the inhabitants (housewives) of the houses were exposed were also measured, and were found to be less with coal–biomass briquettes. Although with coal–biomass briquettes exposure concentrations still exceeded the World Health Organization guideline for SO₂ (125 μ g m^?3), indoor air pollution and adverse effects on human health caused by SO₂ could be decreased by substituting coal–biomass briquettes for low-grade coal as a domestic fuel.  相似文献   

Spawning periodicity and synchrony of bluehead chub (Nocomis leptocephalus) and a nest associate,yellowfin shiner (Notropis lutipinnis), across local streams     

Seoghyun Kim  Yoichiro Kanno 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2020,29(2):299-310

We studied daily spawning periodicity of a nest-building species, bluehead chub (Nocomis leptocephalus), and a nest associate, yellowfin shiner (Notropis lutipinnis), in three streams in the upper Piedmont region of South Carolina, USA. Field observations were conducted for 89 consecutive days in 2016 by recording the number of active nests and environmental variables. A total of 71 nests were located across study streams; bluhead chub and yellowfin shiner spawned between April and June. Spawning was observed periodically at intervals of 4–6 days within the same stream and across different streams, indicating broad-scale influences of the same environmental factors leading to synchrony. A generalized linear auto-regressive and moving average model showed that the periodic spawning pattern was likely caused by changes in water temperature, with effects of water level varying by stream. Specifically, spawning was triggered by a short-term (2-day) increase in water temperature and was observed under stable flow conditions (i.e. a lack of precipitation). This study showed that spawning periodicity of bluehead chub and yellowfin shiner tracked daily variation in in-stream conditions, indicating that their reproduction might be affected by anthropogenic disturbances that affect the rate of change in thermal and flow regimes at the fine temporal scale (e.g. hydroelectric dams and impervious cover).  相似文献   

β－乳球蛋白加压凝胶的生成及其物化特性研究   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

木泰华  孙艳丽  菅野长右工门 《中国农业科学》2005,38(8):1652-1657

 研究了在30℃ 、800 MPa压力的作用下, 不同加压时间（5～120 min）和不同浓度N-乙基马来酰亚胺 (NEM,1～10 mmol·L-1)对14%（w/v）的β-乳球蛋白（β-Lg）溶液在pH 7.20条件下形成凝胶物理化学特性的影响。结果表明，延长加压时间未对凝胶的硬度和破断应力造成影响。凝胶呈现出类似蜂窝状的多孔网状结构。随加压时间延长，蜂窝状多孔的孔径变大，但其网状结构未受到破坏。在加压时间延长的条件下凝胶保持着高持水力，说明在加压过程中，凝胶内部蛋白质和水的相互作用未产生明显变化。随加压时间延长，用Tris-glycine-EDTA缓冲溶液或含有0.5% SDS和8 mol·L-1尿素的缓冲液溶解凝胶，发现凝胶中蛋白溶解度降低。SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳图谱显示，在2-巯基乙醇不存在的条件下，除了β-Lg单体以外，还检出二聚物、三聚物、四聚物以及高分子聚合体的染色带。相反，在2-巯基乙醇存在的条件下，只检出了单体。此外，在800 MPa条件下添加10 mmol·L-1的N-乙基马来酰亚胺未导致凝胶的生成。表明在pH中性范围内，加压 β-Lg凝胶，主要是通过SH基的氧化和SH/S-S内部交换反应形成的内部分子间架桥而形成。  相似文献   

Histopathological and immunohistochemical features of proliferative lesions in the pituitary pars distalis of rats     

Takuya Doi  Takeshi Kanno  Junko Sato 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2021,34(1):1

Pituitary proliferative lesions derived from the endocrine cells of the pars distalis are frequently encountered and adenomas/carcinomas are a common cause of death in standard 2-year carcinogenicity studies using various rat strains, especially Sprague-Dawley. This report describes the immunohistochemical characteristics of pituitary tumors derived from the pars distalis in rats. Prolactin (PRL)-containing tumors are the most common, with PRL/growth hormone (GH) dual positive tumor masses (PRL/GH co-positive tumor masses) being more prevalent than only PRL-positive tumor masses (PRL single-positive tumor masses). GH-containing tumors are relatively numerous and many of these are also PRL/GH co-positive tumor masses. TSH-containing tumors are common in females. PRL-containing tumors have been shown to increase the incidence of hyperlactation in males and mammary adenomas/adenocarcinomas in females, suggesting that these masses are functional tumors.  相似文献   

Isolation of an equine coronavirus from adult horses with pyrogenic and enteric disease and its antigenic and genomic characterization in comparison with the NC99 strain     

Oue Y  Ishihara R  Edamatsu H  Morita Y  Yoshida M  Yoshima M  Hatama S  Murakami K  Kanno T 《Veterinary microbiology》2011,150(1-2):41-48

A new equine coronavirus was isolated from the feces of adult horses with pyrogenic and enteric disease. The disease outbreak was mainly observed among 2- to 4-year-old horses living in stables of a draft-horse racetrack in Japan. On comparing the isolated virus (isolate Tokachi09) with the equine coronavirus NC99 strain, no significant differences were observed in several biological properties such as hemagglutinating activity, antigenicity (in indirect immunofluorescence and neutralization tests), and one-step growth (in cell culture). The sequences of the nucleocapsid and spike genes of isolate Tokachi09 showed identical size (1341 and 4092 nucleotides, 446 and 1363 amino acids, respectively) and high similarity (98.0% and 99.0% at the nucleotides, 97.3% and 99.0% at the amino acids, respectively) to those of strain NC99. However, the isolate had a 185-nucleotide deletion from four bases after the 3'-terminal end of the spike gene, resulting in the absence of the open reading frame predicted to encode a 4.7-kDa nonstructural protein in strain NC99. These results suggest that the 4.7-kDa nonstructural protein is not essential for viral replication, at least in cell culture, and that the Japanese strain probably originated from a different lineage to the North American strain. This is the first equine coronavirus to be isolated from adult horses with pyrogenic and enteric disease.  相似文献   

Effect of the expression level of an AGAMOUS-like gene on the petaloidy of stamens in the double-flowered lily, ‘Elodie’     

Yusuke Akita  Mutsumi Nakada  Akira Kanno 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011

Double-flowered lilies, in which stamens are converted to petaloid organs, are valuable for horticulturists. ‘Elodie’ is a double-flowered lily cultivar in which stamens are homeotically converted into petaloid organs in whorl 3. The ‘Elodie’ cultivar shows individual variation in stamen structure and it was therefore classified into the following three types according to the strength of petaloidy of the stamens: weak (type-I), intermediate (type-II), and strong (type-III) phenotypes. The AGAMOUS (AG) gene is a class C floral identity gene in Arabidopsis thaliana that is involved in the formation of stamens and carpels. An AG-like gene was isolated from ‘Elodie’ (LelAG1) and its expression was compared between flower types. The LelAG1 gene was expressed in whorls 3 and 4, but not in whorls 1 and 2 in all flower types. In type-I flowers, LelAG1 was expressed strongly in whorls 3 and 4, while its expression was significantly decreased in whorl 3 in type-III flowers. In type-II intermediate phenotype flowers, the expression level of LelAG1 in whorl 3 was reduced by 60%. These results suggest that the expression level of AG-like genes is correlated with the degree of petaloidy of the stamens.  相似文献   

Isolation of a Megatrypanum trypanosome from sika deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis) in Japan     

Hatama S  Shibahara T  Suzuki M  Kadota K  Uchida I  Kanno T 《Veterinary parasitology》2007,149(1-2):56-64

A trypanosome was isolated from a sika deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis) in Hokkaido, Japan, during the primary culture of sika deer renal cells. This is the first report of isolation of a Megatrypanum trypanosome from Japanese Cervidae. The trypanosome, designated TSD1, was propagated and maintained in Eagle's modified essential medium containing 20% fetal bovine serum with sika deer renal cells as feeder. The TSD1 trypanosome was morphometrically similar to Trypanosoma cervi, which is commonly isolated from American and European deer. PCR analysis with primers for 18S ribosomal DNA and nucleotide sequencing showed that TSD1 is a member of genus Trypanosoma, subgenus Megatrypanum. Phylogenetically TSD1 is closely related to T. theileri, a common trypanosome of cattle, but is distinguishable from T. theileri by some morphometrical and biological features.  相似文献   

Histological dermal changes caused by preparation and application procedures in percutaneous dose toxicity studies in dogs,rabbits and rats     

Mikio Mitsuishi  Takafumi Oshikata  Shino Kumabe  Azusa Kobayashi  Koshiro Katoku  Takeshi Kanno  Masao Hamamura  Minoru Tsuchitani 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2015,28(1):1-9

We reevaluated histological slides of dorsal skin in control animals from past percutaneous dose toxicity studies using dogs, rabbits and rats to provide background data concerning histological changes related to preparation and application procedures and vehicles or embrocations of every variety. Acanthosis, dermal or perifollicular inflammatory cell infiltration in dogs; hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, dermal inflammatory cell infiltration or hemorrhage in rabbits; and acanthosis, dermal inflammatory cell infiltration, crust or foreign body granuloma in rats were present as procedure-related underlying histological changes in the control animals. Four mechanical acts, (1) rubbing with gauze to remove an administered substance for reapplication, (2) use of a taut bandage to avoid slipping from the application site, (3) peeling a patch off as a preparation procedure for reapplication, and (4) clipping or shaving, were considered to cause injury to the skin. The degree of influence of the various application procedures was found to be as follows: sham, lotion < cream < ointment and tape in dogs; untreated control, sham < lotion < tape and poultice in rabbits; and sham, sodium carboxymethylcellulose < olive oil and lotion < ointment and tape in rats. The degree of ointment influence on rabbits is equivocal.  相似文献   

Cell signaling. Stat acetylation--a key facet of cytokine signaling?     

O'Shea JJ  Kanno Y  Chen X  Levy DE 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,307(5707):217-218

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Plant Opal in Japanese soils     

Ichirō Kanno  Shizuoki Arimura 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(2):62-67

Several years ago the writers (6) found peculiar amorphous grains having a low refractive index (n = 1.45) in the tine sand fraction of Japanese volcanic-ash soils, especially in the A horizons of glassy-ash soils (Onji type). These grains have been considered PELE's tears (liquid lava drops) or bead-like glassy grains on the basis of their relative abundance in volcanic-ash soils. Their morphological, and chemical characteristics have been reported elsewhere by the authors (6). Furthermore, it has been noticed that many of red-yellow soils and paddy soils contain varying amounts of these grains. Some Japanese agronomists and phytopathologists have previously pointed out that silica cells in leaves of Oryza sativa have the effective power of resistance to blast (Imochi disease).  相似文献