Progress of browning reactions during storage of liquid infant milks.   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

S Albalá-Hurtado  M T Veciana-Nogués  A Mariné-Font  M C Vidal-Carou 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》1999,47(10):4033-4037

Changes in furfural compounds and reactive lysine were monitorized in three commercial liquid infant milks during 9 months of storage at 20, 30, and 37 degrees C. Samples consisted of two ultrahigh temperature (UHT)-treated milks and one conventionally sterilized milk. Reactive lysine remained constant throughout storage at the three temperatures, whereas, in general an increase in furfural compounds was observed. The heat treatment used in the manufacture of milk is an important factor that influences the levels of furfural compounds although the composition of the milk is also a critical factor. Finally, a study was conducted to find the kinetic equations describing furfural compounds changes and allowing for the prediction of the influence of time and temperature of storage on those changes.  相似文献   

In vitro serial subculture to improve rooting of Eucalyptus urophylla     

Mendonça  Evânia Galvão  Batista  Tânia Regina  Stein  Vanessa Cristina  Balieiro  Flávia Pereira  de Abreu  José Renato  Pires  Marinês Ferreira  de Souza  Patrícia Aparecida  Paiva  Luciano Vilela 《New Forests》2020,51(5):801-816

New Forests - The aim of this study was to improve the rooting efficiency of Eucalyptus urophylla clones by in vitro reinvigoration/rejuvenation in two clones (02 and 04) from the breeding program...  相似文献   

Spectrofluorometric determination and thin layer chromatographic identification of tyramine in wine.     

J C Rivas Gonzalo  C Garcia Moreno  A Gomez Cerro  A Mariné Font 《Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists》1979,62(2):272-275

A method is described for determining tyramine in wine by sand column extraction in an alkaline medium with anhydrous sodium sulfate. Tyramine is identified and quantitated by spectrofluorometry after the final extract is reacted with alpha-nitroso-beta-naphthol; identity is confirmed by thin layer chromatography. The average recovery was 98.93%. The method is applied to samples of 3 different wines obtained throughout the vinification process. Tyramine, which was not present in the must, appears in considerable quantities 15 days after the vinification process has begun.  相似文献   

Linkage disequilibrium and spatial aggregation of genotypes in sexually reproducing populations of Erysiphe necator     

Brewer MT  Frenkel O  Milgroom MG 《Phytopathology》2012,102(10):997-1005

Random mating and recombination in heterothallic ascomycetes should result in high genotypic diversity, 1:1 mating-type ratios, and random associations of alleles, or linkage equilibrium, at different loci. To test for random mating in populations of the grape powdery mildew fungus Erysiphe necator, we sampled isolates from vineyards of Vitis vinifera in Burdett, NY (NY09) and Winchester, VA (VA09) at the end of the epidemic in fall 2009. We also sampled isolates from the same Winchester, VA vineyard in spring 2010 at the onset of the next epidemic. Isolates were genotyped for mating type and 11 microsatellite markers. In the spring sample, which originated from ascospore infections, nearly every isolate had a unique genotype. In contrast, fall populations were less diverse. In all, 9 of 45 total genotypes in VA09 were represented by two or more isolates; 3 of 40 total genotypes in NY09 were represented by two or more isolates, with 1 genotype represented by 20 isolates. After clone correction, mating-type ratios in the three populations did not deviate from 1:1. However, even with clone correction, we detected significant linkage disequilibrium (LD) in all populations. Mantel tests detected positive correlations between genetic and physical distances within vineyards. Spatial autocorrelation showed aggregations up to 42 and 3 m in VA09 and NY09, respectively. Spatial autocorrelation most likely results from short dispersal distances. Overall, these results suggest that spatial genetic aggregation and clonal genotypes that arise during the asexual phase of the epidemic contribute to persistent LD even though populations undergo sexual reproduction annually.  相似文献   

What is your diagnosis?     

Marin C 《The Journal of small animal practice》2006,47(7):413-415

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Antioxidant activities of extracts from Barkleyanthus salicifolius (Asteraceae) and Penstemon gentianoides (Scrophulariaceae)     

Domínguez M  Nieto A  Marin JC  Keck AS  Jeffery E  Céspedes CL 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(15):5889-5895

Various extracts of the aerial parts of Barkleyanthus salicifolius (Asteraceae) and Penstemon gentianoides (Scrophulariaceae) have been used in folk medicine to treat many ailments, particularly inflammation and migraine. Neither the bioactive components responsible nor the mechanisms involved have been evaluated. Here are reported antioxidant activities of their methanol, dichloromethane, and ethyl acetate extracts. Samples were evaluated for oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, and inhibition of the formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS), a measure of lipid peroxidation. Antioxidant activities were strongly correlated with total polyphenol content. The most active extracts from P. gentianoides in scavenging DPPH radicals and inhibiting TBARS formation were the methanol extract (A) and a further ethyl acetate extract of this (E). Partition E was further divided into eight fractions, and both E and the fractions were compared for activity against butylated hydroxytoluene, quercetin, and tocopherol. Partition E and the most active fractions, 5 and 6, were found to have I(50) values of 14.1, 38.6, and 41.8 ppm, respectively, against DPPH and 18.5, 26.0, and 12.7 ppm, respectively, against TBARS formation. Consistent with this finding, partition E and fractions 4-6 had the greatest ORAC and FRAP values. These results show that these plants could be useful antioxidant sources.  相似文献   

Irrigation requirements and transpiration coupling to the atmosphere of a citrus orchard in Southern Brazil     

Fabio R. Marin  Luiz Roberto Angelocci 《Agricultural Water Management》2011,98(6):1091-1096

Crop evapotranspiration (ETc) was measured as evaporative heat flux from an irrigated acid lime orchard (Citrus latifolia Tanaka) using the aerodynamic method. Crop transpiration (T) was determined by a stem heat balance method. The irrigation requirements were determined by comparing the orchard evapotranspiration (ETc) and T with the reference evapotranspiration (ETo) derived from the Penman-Monteith equation, and the irrigation requirements were expressed as ETc/ETo (Kc) and T/ETo (Kcb) ratios. The influence of inter-row vegetation on the ETc was analyzed because the measurements were taken during the summer and winter, which are periods with different regional soil water content. In this study, the average Kc values obtained were 0.65 and 0.24 for the summer and winter, respectively. The strong coupling of citrus trees to the atmosphere and the sensitivity of citrus plants to large vapor pressure deficits and air/leaf temperatures caused variations in the Kcb in relation to the ETo ranges. During the summer, the Kcb value ranged from 0.34 when the ETo exceeded 5 mm d⁻¹ to 0.46 when the ETo was less than 3 mm d⁻¹.  相似文献   

Blood gas analysis and cooximetry in retired racing Greyhounds     

Sara Zaldivar‐Lopez DVM  MS  Hope K. Chisnell DVM  C. Guillermo Couto DVM  DACVIM  Nicole Westendorf‐Stingle RVT  Liliana M. Marin DVM  Maria C. Iazbik DVM  Edward S. Cooper VMD  MS  DACVECC  Maxey L. Wellman DVM  MS  PhD  DACVP  William W. Muir III DVM  MS  PhD  DACVA  DACVECC 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2011,21(1):24-28

Objective – The purposes of this study were to evaluate the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin (Hb) in healthy retired racing Greyhounds via cooximetry, and to establish reference intervals for blood gases and cooximetry in this breed. Design – Prospective clinical study. Setting – University Teaching Hospital. Animals – Fifty‐seven Greyhounds and 30 non‐Greyhound dogs. Interventions – Venous blood samples were collected from the jugular vein and placed into heparinized tubes. The samples were analyzed within 30 minutes of collection using a blood gas analyzer equipped with a cooximeter. Measurements and Main Results – Greyhounds had significantly higher pH, PO₂, oxygen saturation, oxyhemoglobin, total Hb, oxygen content, and oxygen capacity and significantly lower deoxyhemoglobin and P₅₀ when compared with non‐Greyhound dogs. Conclusion – These findings support the fact that this breed is able to carry a higher concentration of total oxygen in the blood. As reported previously, this breed also has lower P₅₀ and, therefore, high oxygen affinity. In light of recent findings suggesting that in certain tissues a high affinity for oxygen is beneficial, this adaptation may be of benefit during strenuous exercise.  相似文献   

Ontogeny of copulatory behaviour in male Japanese quail classified by their T-maze performance as hatchlings     

Lábaque MC  Kembro JM  Guzmán DA  Nazar FN  Marin RH 《British poultry science》2008,49(4):409-417

1. This study examines the time courses of male mating behaviours using quail that were categorised at 2 d of age as high performance (HP) or low performance (LP) individuals in a T-maze. 2. Individually caged males from each T-maze category were observed for 5 min after a female of the same category (HP or LP) was introduced into their home cages as a sexual partner at 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks of age. The number of grabs, mounts and cloacal contacts performed by each male and his copulatory efficiency (number of cloacal contacts/number of grabs; CE) were determined at each time interval. 3. No differences were observed in the proportion of HP and LP males performing grabs at any of the ages evaluated. However, a greater proportion of HP males showed mounting and cloacal contact behaviour, coupled with a higher CE than did their LP counterparts at 5 and 6, 6 and 8, and 8 weeks of age, respectively. At those ages, a higher mean number of mounts and cloacal contacts were also observed. No significant sexual behaviour differences between HP and LP quail were observed at 10 and 12 weeks of age. 4. The results suggest that rapid negotiation of the T-maze in hatchlings is associated with accelerated puberty in male quail. The differential reproductive behaviour of HP males during the development of puberty does not remain extant in fully developed quail. 5. The finding of accelerated male developmental sexual activity responses in HP quail indicates that selection for T-maze HP behaviour may allow males to be successfully bred at an earlier age.  相似文献   

Timing of copper sprays to protect mechanical wounds against infection by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri,causal agent of citrus canker     

Machado  Franklin Jackson  Marin  Tamiris Garcia da Silva  Canôas  Fernanda  da Silva Junior  Geraldo José  Behlau  Franklin 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2021,160(3):683-692

European Journal of Plant Pathology - Copper sprays are the most important measure for control of citrus canker. Mechanical wounds caused by cultural practices are entry points for the causal...  相似文献