Response: more haemophilus and Mycoplasma genes     

Venter JC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1996,271(5253):1303-1304

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Complete genome sequence of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B strain MC58     

Tettelin H  Saunders NJ  Heidelberg J  Jeffries AC  Nelson KE  Eisen JA  Ketchum KA  Hood DW  Peden JF  Dodson RJ  Nelson WC  Gwinn ML  DeBoy R  Peterson JD  Hickey EK  Haft DH  Salzberg SL  White O  Fleischmann RD  Dougherty BA  Mason T  Ciecko A  Parksey DS  Blair E  Cittone H  Clark EB  Cotton MD  Utterback TR  Khouri H  Qin H  Vamathevan J  Gill J  Scarlato V  Masignani V  Pizza M  Grandi G  Sun L  Smith HO  Fraser CM  Moxon ER  Rappuoli R  Venter JC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2000,287(5459):1809-1815

The 2,272,351-base pair genome of Neisseria meningitidis strain MC58 (serogroup B), a causative agent of meningitis and septicemia, contains 2158 predicted coding regions, 1158 (53.7%) of which were assigned a biological role. Three major islands of horizontal DNA transfer were identified; two of these contain genes encoding proteins involved in pathogenicity, and the third island contains coding sequences only for hypothetical proteins. Insights into the commensal and virulence behavior of N. meningitidis can be gleaned from the genome, in which sequences for structural proteins of the pilus are clustered and several coding regions unique to serogroup B capsular polysaccharide synthesis can be identified. Finally, N. meningitidis contains more genes that undergo phase variation than any pathogen studied to date, a mechanism that controls their expression and contributes to the evasion of the host immune system.  相似文献   

A part of the human genome sequence     

Venter JC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,299(5610):1183-1184

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Size Dependence of Structural Metastability in Semiconductor Nanocrystals     

CC Chen  AB Herhold  CS Johnson  AP Alivisatos 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1997,276(5311):398-401

The kinetics of a first-order, solid-solid phase transition were investigated in the prototypical nanocrystal system CdSe as a function of crystallite size. In contrast to extended solids, nanocrystals convert from one structure to another by single nucleation events, and the transformations obey simple unimolecular kinetics. Barrier heights were observed to increase with increasing nanocrystal size, although they also depend on the nature of the nanocrystal surface. These results are analogous to magnetic phase transitions in nanocrystals and suggest general rules that may be of use in the discovery of new metastable phases.  相似文献   

Measurement of Parity Nonconservation and an Anapole Moment in Cesium     

CS Wood  SC Bennett  D Cho  BP Masterson  JL Roberts  CE Tanner  CE Wieman 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1997,275(5307):1759-1763

The amplitude of the parity-nonconserving transition between the 6S and 7S states of cesium was precisely measured with the use of a spin-polarized atomic beam. This measurement gives Im(E1pnc)/beta = -1.5935(56) millivolts per centimeter and provides an improved test of the standard model at low energy, including a value for the S parameter of -1.3(3)exp (11)theory. The nuclear spin-dependent contribution was 0.077(11) millivolts per centimeter; this contribution is a manifestation of parity violation in atomic nuclei and is a measurement of the long-sought anapole moment.  相似文献   

Autoantibodies to beta 2-adrenergic receptors: a possible cause of adrenergic hyporesponsiveness in allergic rhinitis and asthma   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

J C Venter  C M Fraser  L C Harrison 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1980,207(4437):1361-1363

Autoantibodies to beta 2-adrenergic receptors have been identified in the serum of one patient with allergic rhinitis ("hay fever") and two patients with asthma. The antibodies precipitate solubilized dog lung beta receptors in an indirect immunoprecipitation assay and inhibit the specific binding of iodine-125-labeled iodohydroxybenzylpindolol to membrane-associated receptors from dog lung, calf lung, and human placenta. Ligand binding to canine heart beta 1 receptors is not affected by the antibodies.  相似文献   

Environmental genome shotgun sequencing of the Sargasso Sea   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Venter JC  Remington K  Heidelberg JF  Halpern AL  Rusch D  Eisen JA  Wu D  Paulsen I  Nelson KE  Nelson W  Fouts DE  Levy S  Knap AH  Lomas MW  Nealson K  White O  Peterson J  Hoffman J  Parsons R  Baden-Tillson H  Pfannkoch C  Rogers YH  Smith HO 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,304(5667):66-74

We have applied "whole-genome shotgun sequencing" to microbial populations collected en masse on tangential flow and impact filters from seawater samples collected from the Sargasso Sea near Bermuda. A total of 1.045 billion base pairs of nonredundant sequence was generated, annotated, and analyzed to elucidate the gene content, diversity, and relative abundance of the organisms within these environmental samples. These data are estimated to derive from at least 1800 genomic species based on sequence relatedness, including 148 previously unknown bacterial phylotypes. We have identified over 1.2 million previously unknown genes represented in these samples, including more than 782 new rhodopsin-like photoreceptors. Variation in species present and stoichiometry suggests substantial oceanic microbial diversity.  相似文献   

The history and distribution of nodulating Paraburkholderia,a potential inoculum for Fynbos forage species     

Chrizelle W. Beukes  Stephanus N. Venter  Emma T. Steenkamp 《Grass and Forage Science》2021,76(1):10-32

Legumes in the Fynbos vegetation of the Western Cape of South Africa have emerged as candidates for domestication, particularly for their adaptation to acidic and infertile soils. However, South African rhizobia have been shown to be very diverse and unique, and a detailed understanding of them is essential to success in forage breeding programs that seek to exploit these “new” legumes. Symbionts of legumes in South Africa that belong to traditional rhizobial genera have been shown to have a unique origin for their symbiotic loci in comparison to members sampled from other regions of the world. Some of the legume tribes in the Fynbos have also been shown to associate predominantly with unique species in the Betaproteobacterial genus Paraburkholderia. The rhizobial members of this genus have two main centres of diversity, of which South Africa is one. In this centre, the legume hosts are principally from the Papilionoideae subfamily while hosts from the mimosoid clade (now in the Caesalpinioideae) are abundant in the South American centre. Not only do these rhizobia differ in terms of host, but their symbiotic loci also show separate origins. The dominance and uniqueness of the Paraburkholderia symbionts, in the context of indigenous South African legumes, makes understanding the history and factors that affect the distribution of this genus essential if successful adaptation and effective nodulation of these legumes in Agriculture are to be achieved globally.  相似文献   

Production of fusaric acid byFusarium oxysporum     

Sonja L. Venter  P. J. Steyn  Hester S. F. Steyn 《Potato Research》1996,39(1):79-83

Summary The aim of the study was to determine whether isolates ofFusarium oxysporum Schlecht. produce fusaric acid in culture and whether mycelial growth can be used as a measurement of fusaric acid production. Three isolates produced significant levels of fusaric acid in culture filtrate, the maximum concentration being reached after 18 days, whereafter it remained constant. Mycelial growth could not be used to measure or estimate the production of fusaric acid. Growth curves from specific isolates could be used to determine the concentration of fusaric acid in culture filtrate after specific lengths of time.  相似文献   

The life-cycle of the compost worm Eisenia fetida (Oligochaeta)     

J.M. Venter  A.J. Reinecke 《African Zoology》2013,48(3):161-165

To determine the full potential of the compost worm Eisenia fetida as waste processor and as source of protein, the life-cycle of this species had to be studied thoroughly. The development, growth and reproduction of Eisenia fetida were studied on cattle manure under favourable conditions of moisture, temperature and nutrition. Data were gathered over a period of 600 days. Apart from the life-cycle this study also indicated that this species can be reproductively active for more than 500 days. This is significantly longer than had previously been believed. Each cocoon produced a mean of 2,7 hatchlings after a mean incubation period of 23 days. These worms attained sexual maturity after 40 to 60 days and produced their first cocoons within four days after mating took place.  相似文献