Ultrasonographic anatomy of abdominal lymph nodes in the normal cat.     

Elke Schreurs  Kathelijn Vermote  Virginie Barberet  Sylvie Daminet  Heike Rudorf  Jimmy H Saunders 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2008,49(1):68-72

Lymph nodes are essential structures to be evaluated in an ultrasonographic examination of the feline abdomen. It was hypothesized that current technical proficiency would allow all feline abdominal lymph nodes to be identified ultrasonographically. Ten clinically normal, adult, domestic shorthair cats were examined using real-time compound ultrasonographic imaging. The medial iliac lymph nodes were visible in 100% of the cats, the jejunal lymph nodes in 90%, the hepatic lymph nodes in 70%, the aortic lumbar, the splenic, and the pancreaticoduodenal lymph nodes in 60% each, the ileocecal and the colic lymph nodes in 50% each, and the renal, the gastric, the sacral and the caudal mesenteric lymph nodes in 40%, 30%, 20%, and 10% of the cats, respectively. The inconsistent presence of lymph nodes, their poor echocontrast and interposed gas of the gastrointestinal tract explain the lower percentages of identification. The ultrasonographic length and diameter of the lymph nodes were determined. The majority of these measurements corresponded to those in the literature. We conclude that ultrasonography is a valuable tool for the identification and evaluation of most abdominal lymph nodes in the normal cat. Average ultrasonographic measurements are presented as a preliminary guideline for normal feline abdominal lymph nodes. ete  相似文献   

Computed tomographic features of the normal canine thyroid gland.     

Olivier Taeymans  Tobias Schwarz  Luc Duchateau  Virginie Barberet  Ingrid Gielen  Mark Haskins  Henri Van Bree  Jimmy H Saunders 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2008,49(1):13-19

The computed tomographic (CT) features of the normal thyroid gland were compiled from images acquired in 25 client-owned dogs without thyroid gland disease. The mean pre- and postcontrast attenuation values were 107.5 and 169.0 Hounsfield Units, respectively. After injection of intravenous contrast medium (600 mg iodine/kg), the apparent thyroid gland volume (both lobes combined) increased from a mean value of 1148.0 nm3 to a mean value of 1188.9 mm3. All thyroid lobes were homogeneous on pre- and postcontrast images. In a craniocaudal direction, the gland spanned a region from the 1st to the 8th tracheal ring and the right lobe was often more cranial than the left. On transverse images the lobe shape was ovoid in 72%, and its location was dorsolateral to the trachea in 90% of dogs. Parathyroid glands could not be identified and an isthmus connecting both thyroid lobes was only seen in one dog. Considering the excellent visibility of the normal canine thyroid gland, CT can be beneficial in the differentiation of thyroidal versus nonthyroidal neck masses. CT also yields potential in the staging of thyroid carcinomas.  相似文献   

Mechanisms of metal-phosphates formation in the rhizosphere soils of pea and tomato: environmental and sanitary consequences   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Annabelle Austruy  Muhammad Shahid  Tiantian Xiong  Maryse Castrec  Virginie Payre  Nabeel Khan Niazi  Muhammad Sabir  Camille Dumat 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2014,14(4):666-678

Purpose

At the global scale, soil contamination with persistent metals such as lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) induces a serious threat of entering the human food chain. In the recent past, different natural and synthetic compounds have been used to immobilize metals in soil environments. However, the mechanisms involved in amendment-induced immobilization of metals in soil remained unclear. The objective of the present work was therefore to determine the mechanisms involved in metal-phosphates formation in the rhizospheric soils of pea and tomato currently cultivated in kitchen gardens.

Materials and methods

Pea and tomato were cultivated on a soil polluted by past industrial activities with Pb and Zn under two kinds of phosphate (P) amendments: (1) solid hydroxyapatite and (2) KH₂PO₄. The nature and quantities of metal-P formed in the rhizospheric soils were studied by using the selective chemical extractions and employing the combination of X-ray fluorescence micro-spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and electron microprobe methods. Moreover, the influence of soil pH and organic acids excreted by plant roots on metal-P complexes formation was studied.

Results and discussion

Our results demonstrated that P amendments have no effect on metal-P complex formation in the absence of plants. But, in the presence of plants, P amendments cause Pb and Zn immobilization by forming metal-P complexes. Higher amounts of metal-P were formed in the pea rhizosphere compared to the tomato rhizosphere and in the case of soluble P compared to the solid amendment. The increase in soil-metal contact time enhanced metal-P formation.

Conclusions

The different forms of metal-P formed for the different plants under two kinds of P amendments indicate that several mechanisms are involved in metal immobilization. Metal-P complex formation in the contaminated soil depends on the type of P amendment added, duration of soil-plant contact, type of plant species, and excretion of organic acids by the plant roots in the rhizosphere.  相似文献   

PVPP-polyphenol complexes: a molecular approach     

Laborde B  Moine-Ledoux V  Richard T  Saucier C  Dubourdieu D  Monti JP 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(12):4383-4389

In dry white wines, two different forms of instability occur: (i) substantial yellow or yellow-green deposits are observed principally due to flavonol quercetin; and (ii) protein instability leads to protein casse. Polyvinyl polypyrrolidone (PVPP) is used to adsorb phenols from beverages, and bentonite is used to eliminate heat instable protein. However, in both cases, their effects are still largely unknown. This study uses a multitechnique approach to gain a better molecular understanding of the association of polyphenol aglycones with PVPP compared to that of glucosides with PVPP. The work demonstrates, that with aglycones, three forces drive complex formation: hydrophobic interaction, H bonds, and van der Waals bonds. With glucosides, the sugar moiety removes or reduces these driving forces. Thus, if the interaction between proteins and polyphenols is responsible for haze and precipitates, as is classically assumed, PVPP could prevent quercetin sedimentation.  相似文献   

<Emphasis Type="Italic">In vitro</Emphasis> chemosensitivity of canine mast cell tumors grades II and III to all-<Emphasis Type="Italic">trans</Emphasis>-retinoic acid (ATRA).     

K. C. Pinello  M. Nagamine  T. C. Silva  P. Matsuzaki  H. V. Caetano  L. N. Torres  H. Fukumasu  J. L. Avanzo  J. M. Matera  M. L. Z. Dagli 《Veterinary research communications》2009,33(6):581-588

Mast cell tumor (MCT) is one of the most prevalent neoplasms that affect the skin and soft tissue of dogs. Because mast cell tumors present a great variety of clinical appearance and behavior, their treatment becomes a challenge. While retinoids are well recognized as promising antitumor agents, there have been only a few reports about retinoids’ effect on canine cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate the chemosensitivity of MCT grades II and III to all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA). Immediately after surgical resection, MCT were prepared for primary culture. Samples of MCTs were also fixed in formalin for histopathology and grading according to the classification of Patnaik et al. (Veterinary Pathology 21(5):469–474, 1984). The best results were obtained when neoplastic mast cells were co-cultivated with fibroblasts. Cultured mast cells were, then, treated with concentrations of 10⁻⁴ to 10⁻⁷ M of ATRA, in order to evaluate their chemosensitivity to this retinoid. MTT assay was performed to estimate cell growth and death. The highest level of mast cell chemosensivity was obtained at the dose of 10⁻⁴ M (p < 0,002). MCT of grades II or III were equally susceptible to the treatment with ATRA. Cell death was observed on the first 24 h until 48 h. According to these results, ATRA may be a potential chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of canine MCT.  相似文献   

Effect of prednisone administration on coagulation variables in healthy Beagle dogs     

Rose LJ  Dunn ME  Allegret V  Bédard C 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2011,40(4):426-434

  相似文献   

Influence of yeast macromolecules on sweetness in dry wines: role of the saccharomyces cerevisiae protein Hsp12     

Marchal A  Marullo P  Moine V  Dubourdieu D 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(5):2004-2010

Yeast autolysis during lees contact influences the organoleptic properties of wines especially by increasing their sweet taste. Although observed by winemakers, this phenomenon is poorly explained in enology. Moreover, the compounds responsible for sweetness in wine remain unidentified. This work provides new insights in this way by combining sensorial, biochemical and genetic approaches. First, we verified by sensory analysis that yeast autolysis in red wine has a significant effect on sweetness. Moderate additions of ethanol or glycerol did not have the same effect. Second, a sapid fraction was isolated from lees extracts by successive ultrafiltrations and HPLC purifications. Using nano-LC-MS/MS, peptides released by the yeast heat shock protein Hsp12p were distinctly identified in this sample. Third, we confirmed the sweet contribution of this protein by sensorial comparison of red wines incubated with two kinds of yeast strains: a wild-type strain containing the native Hsp12p and a deletion mutant strain that lacks the Hsp12p protein (Δ°HSP12 strain). Red wines incubated with wild-type strain showed a significantly higher sweetness than control wines incubated with Δ°HSP12 strains. These results demonstrated the contribution of protein Hsp12p in the sweet perception consecutive to yeast autolysis in wine.  相似文献   

AGTR2 mutations in X-linked mental retardation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Vervoort VS  Beachem MA  Edwards PS  Ladd S  Miller KE  de Mollerat X  Clarkson K  DuPont B  Schwartz CE  Stevenson RE  Boyd E  Srivastava AK 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,296(5577):2401-2403

Two angiotensin II (Ang II)-specific receptors, AGTR1 and AGTR2, are expressed in the mammalian brain. Ang II actions on blood pressure regulation, water electrolyte balance, and hormone secretion are primarily mediated by AGTR1. The function of AGTR2 remains unclear. Here, we show that expression of the AGTR2 gene was absent in a female patient with mental retardation (MR) who had a balanced X;7 chromosomal translocation. Additionally, 8 of 590 unrelated male patients with MR were found to have sequence changes in the AGTR2 gene, including one frameshift and three missense mutations. These findings indicate a role for AGTR2 in brain development and cognitive function.  相似文献   

ELASTOGRAPHY OF THE NORMAL CANINE LIVER,SPLEEN AND KIDNEYS     

Andrew Holdsworth  Kate Bradley  Sally Birch  William J. Browne  Virginie Barberet 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2014,55(6):620-627

Elastography is a simple, expedient and noninvasive technique that may be used to assess the elasticity or stiffness of a tissue, in conjunction with traditional B‐mode ultrasonography. Quantitative assessment of tissue stiffness can be made which involves measurement of the shear wave velocity within the tissue of interest. The goal of this study was to assess the feasibility of elastography for clinical use in the abdomen of conscious small animals and to investigate factors that affect shear wave velocity measurement. Elastography was performed on the liver, spleen, and kidneys of 15 dogs at predefined depths within the parenchyma. Breed, age, gender, neuter status, and weight were documented for each animal. Depth at which measurements were taken had a significant negative relationship with the shear wave velocity value obtained. Individual dog effects, such as weight and gender, also appeared to have a significant effect on the shear wave velocity measurement for specific organs; weight had a significant positive effect on the shear wave velocity for each of the organs examined, whereas the effect of gender was inconsistent between organs (having a positive effect for the liver and a negative effect for the spleen). It is hoped that these results may act as a baseline to guide further work into the field of elastography in companion animals.  相似文献   

Epidemiology,molecular virology and diagnostics of Schmallenberg virus,an emerging orthobunyavirus in Europe     

Virginie Doceul  Estelle Lara  Corinne Sailleau  Guillaume Belbis  Jennifer Richardson  Emmanuel Bréard  Cyril Viarouge  Morgane Dominguez  Pascal Hendrikx  Didier Calavas  Alexandra Desprat  Jér?me Languille  Lo?c Comtet  Philippe Pourquier  Jean-Fran?ois Eléou?t  Bernard Delmas  Philippe Marianneau  Damien Vitour  Stéphan Zientara 《Veterinary research》2013,44(1):31

After the unexpected emergence of Bluetongue virus serotype 8 (BTV-8) in northern Europe in 2006, another arbovirus, Schmallenberg virus (SBV), emerged in Europe in 2011 causing a new economically important disease in ruminants. The virus, belonging to the Orthobunyavirus genus in the Bunyaviridae family, was first detected in Germany, in The Netherlands and in Belgium in 2011 and soon after in the United Kingdom, France, Italy, Luxembourg, Spain, Denmark and Switzerland. This review describes the current knowledge on the emergence, epidemiology, clinical signs, molecular virology and diagnosis of SBV infection.  相似文献