From value to values: sustainable consumption at farmers markets     

Alison Hope Alkon 《Agriculture and Human Values》2008,25(4):487-498

Advocates of environmental sustainability and social justice increasingly pursue their goals through the promotion of so-called “green” products such as locally grown organic produce. While many scholars support this strategy, others criticize it harshly, arguing that environmental degradation and social injustice are inherent results of capitalism and that positive social change must be achieved through collective action. This study draws upon 18 months of ethnographic fieldwork at two farmers markets located in demographically different parts of the San Francisco Bay Area to examine how market managers, vendors, and regular customers negotiate tensions between their economic strategies and environmental sustainability and social justice goals. Managers, vendors, and customers emphasize the ethical rather than financial motivations of their markets through comparisons to capitalist, industrial agriculture and through attention to perceived economic sacrifices made by market vendors. They also portray economic strategies as a pragmatic choice, pointing to failed efforts to achieve justice and sustainability through policy change as well as difficulties funding and sustaining non-profit organizations. While market managers, vendors, and customers deny any difficulties pursuing justice and sustainability through local economics, the need for vendors to sustain their livelihoods does sometimes interfere with their social justice goals. This has consequences for the function of each market.

Alison Hope AlkonEmail:

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Alison Hope Alkon   is a Ph.D. candidate in the Department of Sociology at the University of California, Davis. Her research examines how efforts to create environmental protection and social justice operate in a market context.  相似文献   

品种、栽培条件对旱地小麦产量及其品质的影响   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

蒋纪芸  阎世理  潘世禄  杨惠侠  翟允褆 《北京农学院学报》1988,(2)

本文的八个试验结果表明:品种和茬口、肥力、播期、播量、耕作深度等栽培措施,对小麦籽粒产量均有十分重要影响;但对其品质的作用,除品种外,主要是肥力,其它措施影响不大。肥力因素中,对改进品质起主要作用的是氮素的充足供应。磷对改进品质几乎无效。就改进品质而言,氮肥的施用方式和时间是以开花期根外喷氮的肥料效益最高。在地力能生产250公斤/亩小麦的地块上,喷洒3%的尿素液100公斤左右,比不喷的不仅增产14.84%(39公斤/亩),而且蛋白质提高2.3%,湿面筋提高7.7%,赖氨酸增加0.13%。故开花期喷氮素是改善小麦营养品质和加工品质经济有效的措施。  相似文献   

Engagement for transformation: Value webs for local food system development   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Daniel R. Block  Michael Thompson  Jill Euken  Toni Liquori  Frank Fear  Sherill Baldwin 《Agriculture and Human Values》2008,25(3):379-388

Engagement happens when academics and non-academics form partnerships to create mutual understanding, and then take action together. An example is the “value web” work associated with W. K. Kellogg Foundation’s Food Systems Higher Education–Community Partnership. Partners nationally work on local food systems development by building value webs. “Value chains,” a concept with considerable currency in the private sector, involves creating non-hierarchical relationships among otherwise disparate actors and entities to achieve collective common goals. The value web concept is extended herein by separating the values of the web itself, such as the value of collaboration, from values “in” the web, such as credence values associated with a product or service. By sharing and discussing case examples of work underway around the United States, the authors make a case for employing the value webs concept to represent a strategy for local food systems development, specifically, and for higher education–community partnerships, generally.

Daniel R. BlockEmail:

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Daniel R. Block   is an associate professor of geography and coordinator of the Frederick Blum Neighborhood Assistance Center at Chicago State University. His current research focuses on food access issues in urban environments, particularly in Chicago. Michael Thompson   is an assistant professor at Oregon State University, and a Seafood and Fisheries specialist for Oregon Sea Grant Extension. Primary areas of research include fisheries management, seafood quality/handling, and seafood product development. Jill Euken   is an industrial specialist for biobased products for Iowa State University Extension/CIRAS, and deputy director, ISU Bioeconomy Institute. She was part of the steering team for the Iowa Value Chain Partnership for Sustainable Agriculture and led the Bioeconomy Working Group. Toni Liquori   is a nutritionist, teacher and food activist with a long time interest in the design, implementation, and evaluation of school-based intervention programs and coalition building for activism around food related issues, as well as teaching and training in public health. Frank Fear   is senior associate dean, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources; and professor, in the Department of Community, Agriculture, Recreation and Resources Studies; and Senior Outreach Fellow at Michigan State University. He is lead author of Coming to Critical Engagement (University Press of America, 2006), an analysis of the engagement movement in higher education; and recently completed two terms as president of the Greater Lansing Food Bank. Sherill Baldwin   is ecology director at Mercy Center at Madison, Connecticut, a spiritual retreat and conference center. She previously provided consulting services to CitySeed, Inc. in New Haven (CT) and to Frank Fear and the W. K. Kellogg Foundation for a community learning project related to sustainable food systems. She has an MS in Resource Development from Michigan State University and a BA in Solid Waste Management from the University of Massachusetts.  相似文献   

Social-ethical issues concerning the control strategy of animal diseases in the European Union: A survey   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Nina E. Cohen  Marcel A.P.M. van  Asseldonk  Elsbeth N. Stassen 《Agriculture and Human Values》2007,24(4):499-510

In 2004 a survey was conducted in the member states of the European Union designed to gain greater insight into the views on control strategies for foot and mouth disease, classical swine fever, and avian influenza with respect to the epidemiological, economic and social-ethical consequences of each of these animal diseases. This article presents the results of the social-ethical survey. A selection of stakeholders from each member state was asked to prioritize issues for the prevention and control of these diseases. A majority of stakeholders chose preventive measures as the preferred issue. An analysis was done to determine whether there were differences in views expressed by stakeholders from member states with a history of recent epidemics and ones without such a history, and whether there were regional differences. There were no differences between member states with or without a history of recent epidemics. There were indeed regional differences between the priority orders from Northern and Southern Europe on the one hand, and from Eastern Europe on the other. Nina E. Cohen is a biologist and is a researcher at the Wageningen University. She is specialized in societal and ethical issues in human–animal relationships. Her current research is focused on the social-ethical issues concerning the prevention and control of foot and mouth disease, classical swine fever and avian influenza. Marcel A.P.M. van Asseldonk has studied animal science. Currently he works at the Institute for Risk Management in Agriculture (IRMA) of the Wageningen University. He is specialized in the design and pricing of insurance policies and animal health funds for the main livestock epidemics. Elsbeth N. Stassen is a veterinarian and professor of Animals and Society at the Wageningen University. Elsbeth Stassen is specialized in animal health, animal welfare and human–animal relationships. She was a member of a governmental welfare committee during the avian influenza epidemic in the Netherlands in 2003.  相似文献   

上海孙桥河道淡水青虾人工放流与群体数量的估算     

陈马康  郭大德  潘兆龙  王霏  杨爱辉  田武岳  许统绪  黄根兴  钱国兴  钱伟民  王福根  程龙兴 《上海海洋大学学报》1994,(Z1)

本文主要研究了上海市川沙县孙桥河道的水环境条件，青虾育苗与放流后群体分布、产量及群体数量估算的结果。本河道水温适宜，多数河段水质良好，适宜青虾生长；通过青虾产量统计和群体数量估算，证明人工放流青虾的效果较好，放流后3年产量（3268．95kg）是放流前3年产量（1451．23kg）的2．25倍。  相似文献   

(木奈)结果习性的研究     

刘星辉  郑家基  潘东明  黄善健  黄振根 《福建农林大学学报(自然科学版)》1989,(4)

(木奈)为我省名特优果树之一,有青(木奈)(包括油(木奈))和花(木奈)2个系统。其结果枝以花束状果枝和短果枝为主。(木奈)自交能实,其花繁果少、单产较低的主要原因之一是花期遇低温阴雨。(木奈)的生理落果可分2期。果实发育曲线呈双S型,早期与后期果实膨大迅速,中期(胚发育期)膨大较缓慢。  相似文献   

施用废菌棒对甘蔗菌根、根际微生物和土壤肥力的影响     

王元贞  潘廷国  柯玉琴  郑伸坤 《福建农林大学学报(自然科学版)》1992,(4)

蔗田施用废菌棒(以蔗渣为培养料种植香菇后的废弃菌棒)后,根系皮层细胞中菌丝、泡囊、丛枝增多.根系皮层及中柱的改变也表现在新根的发生点大量出现.田间观察到甘蔗在生长中后期,新根明显增多.7月份甘蔗根际土壤的固氮菌、有机磷分解细菌、细菌总数比对照的增加6.0-29.4倍.它们的活动可为拔节旺长的甘蔗提供更多养分.10-12月份,纤维分解细菌、有机磷分解菌、固氮菌相应较多,土壤酶活性、土壤有效养分(N、P、K)均显著多于对照,这些微生物类群与甘蔗后期生长及糖的合成、运输关系较密切.  相似文献   

浙南木本植物引种驯化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

潘瑞道  王作坚 《浙江林学院学报》1991,8(4):428-438

植物引种驯化的成功取决于引种植物与引种地环境之间的协调状况。作者在引种驯化400多种木本植物的实践过程中,一方面努力创造环境使引种植物适应,一方面设法改造引种植物的本性使之适应于新的栽培环境,并由此总结出了5条行之有效的南种北移技术和原则。目前浙南地区能露地栽培、自然越冬的引种木本植物达256种。  相似文献   

白术斑枯病田间抽样调查方式的比较研究     

吕先真  赵晓慧  黄海叁  陈玉华  潘兰兰  胡海波 《浙江农业科学》2005,(5):400-401

采用5点式、双对角线、平行跳跃和Z字形等4种田间抽样调查方式与样地全查相比较的方法,对白术斑枯病(Septoria atractylodis Yu et Chen)的最佳抽样调查方式进行了初步研究.结果表明,这4种抽样方式所取得的样本平均数与总体平均数无显著差异,均为可靠的田问抽样调查方式,其中5点式抽样的误差率最小.  相似文献   

纳米TiO_2与过渡金属协同作用光催化氧化土壤渗出液中DDT的研究     

潘淑颖  徐保民  索秋魁  孙长青  郭青  殷碧秋 《安徽农业科学》2006,34(21):5601-5602

通过改变反应的催化剂条件,进行纳米TiO2光催化氧化降解土壤渗出液中的有机氯农药的对比实验。结果表明,纳米TiO2与过渡金属协同作用降解效果好。讨论了影响纳米TiO2与过渡金属元素对光催化氧化土壤渗出液中DDT反应的主要因素。  相似文献