Effects of Ferulic Acid and Transglutaminase on Hard Wheat Flour Dough and Bread     

Bong‐Kyung Koh  Perry K. W. Ng 《Cereal Chemistry》2009,86(1):18-22

The effects of ferulic acid and transglutaminase (TG) on the properties of wheat flour dough and bread were investigated. Ferulic acid and TG were blended with hard wheat flour at levels of 250 and 2,000 ppm of flour weight, respectively. The addition of ferulic acid reduced the mixing time and mixing tolerance. The addition of TG did not obviously affect the mixing properties. Significant effects of ferulic acid plus TG on the rested dough texture were observed for overmixed dough. The maximum resistance (Rmax) of the dough was significantly reduced with the addition of ferulic acid but increased with the addition of TG. The addition of TG with ferulic acid restored the Rmax reduced by ferulic acid alone. The proportion of SDS‐soluble high molecular weight proteins in the dough increased with the addition of ferulic acid and decreased with TG, when assessed with size‐exclusion HPLC fractionation. Although the addition of TG improved the handling properties of the dough made sticky with added ferulic acid, it did not improve the quality of the bread with added ferulic acid as measured by loaf volume and firmness.  相似文献   

Habitat niche separation of the nonnative rainbow trout and native masu salmon in the Atsuta River,Hokkaido, Japan     

Koh Hasegawa  Toshiaki Yamamoto  Shigeru Kitanishi 《Fisheries Science》2010,76(2):251-256

The mechanisms by which nonnative species establish populations can be classified into two broad categories: they usurp the niches of native species through interspecific competition, or they avoid this intense interspecific competition by making use of minimal niche overlap with the native species. In this study, we considered how a nonnative salmonid species, the rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, established a population in the presence of the native salmonid species, the masu salmon O. masou, in Hokkaido, Japan. Circumstantial field evidence shows that the masu salmon exceeds the rainbow trout in abundance and suggests that these species use different types of cover habitat (rainbow trout abundance increases with increasing abundance of large woody debris aggregates, whereas masu salmon abundance increases with increasing abundance of undercut banks). These results imply that the rainbow trout established a population due to minimal niche overlap with the masu salmon, and not by competitive exclusion of the native species.  相似文献   

Quercetin ameliorates glutamate toxicity-induced neuronal cell death by controlling calcium-binding protein parvalbumin     

Ju-Bin Kang  Dong-Ju Park  Murad-Ali Shah  Phil-Ok Koh 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2022,23(2)

BackgroundGlutamate is the main excitatory neurotransmitter. Excessive glutamate causes excitatory toxicity and increases intracellular calcium, leading to neuronal death. Parvalbumin is a calcium-binding protein that regulates calcium homeostasis. Quercetin is a polyphenol found in plant and has neuroprotective effects against neurodegenerative diseases.ObjectivesWe investigated whether quercetin regulates apoptosis by modulating parvalbumin expression in glutamate induced neuronal damage.MethodsGlutamate was treated in hippocampal-derived cell line, and quercetin or vehicle was treated 1 h before glutamate exposure. Cells were collected for experimental procedure 24 h after glutamate treatment and intracellular calcium concentration and parvalbumin expression were examined. Parvalbumin small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection was performed to detect the relation between parvalbumin and apoptosis.ResultsGlutamate reduced cell viability and increased intracellular calcium concentration, while quercetin preserved calcium concentration and neuronal damage. Moreover, glutamate reduced parvalbumin expression and quercetin alleviated this reduction. Glutamate increased caspase-3 expression, and quercetin attenuated this increase in both parvalbumin siRNA transfected and non-transfected cells. The alleviative effect of quercetin was statistically significant in non-transfected cells. Moreover, glutamate decreased bcl-2 and increased bax expressions, while quercetin alleviated these changes. The alleviative effect of quercetin in bcl-2 family protein expression was more remarkable in non-transfected cells.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that parvalbumin contributes to the maintainace of intracellular calcium concentration and the prevention of apoptosis, and quercetin modulates parvalbumin expression in glutamate-exposed cells. Thus, these findings suggest that quercetin performs neuroprotective function against glutamate toxicity by regulating parvalbumin expression.  相似文献   

On the radial-growth variations of Japanese beech <Emphasis Type="Italic">(Fagus crenata)</Emphasis> on the northernmost part of Honshu Island,Japan     

Yasuharu Hoshino  Hitoshi Yonenobu  Koh Yasue  Yoshihiro Nobori  Takumi Mitsutani 《Journal of Wood Science》2008,54(3):183-188

We developed ring-width chronologies for living trees of Japanese beech at two forest sites on the northern-most part of Honshu Island, Japan. A statistical threshold (running expressed population signal) yielded these site chronologies spanning 1853–1994 (142 years) and 1867–1994 (128 years). We examined two factors, climate and masting, that could affect the variations of radial growth. The response function analysis revealed that the ring width correlated positively with July and August temperatures of the previous growth year. The optimal radial growth of Japanese beech may largely depend on a warm previous summer with above-average temperatures. The years of good masting coincided mostly with those showing abrupt growth depression, although only the short-term records of masting were available. Part of this work was presented at the 6th Pacific Regional Wood Anatomy Conference, Kyoto, December 2005, and the 7th International Conference on Dendrochronology, Beijing, June 2006  相似文献   

Effect of chelating agent in disperse dye dyeing on polyester fabric     

Shekh Md. Mamun Kabir  Joonseok Koh 《Fibers and Polymers》2017,18(12):2315-2321

In this study, mild acid based chelating agents (glycolic acid, gluconic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and citric acid) were used for the dyeing of polyester fabrics with metal sensitive disperse dye in closed dyeing process. The chelating and pH adjustment efficiencies were compared in disperse dyeing condition. In the comparative analysis with different chelating agents, glycolic acid showed a higher chelation efficiency and consequently showed higher dye bath exhaustion and color strength. Slight differences in the color fastness of the dyed samples obtained by employing four different chelating agents were observed.  相似文献   

Impact of inland waters on highly pathogenic avian influenza outbreaks in neighboring poultry farms in South Korea     

Saleem Ahmad  Kyeyoung Koh  Daesung Yoo  Gukhyun Suh  Jaeil Lee  Chang-Min Lee 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2022,23(3)

BackgroundSince 2003, the H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) subtype has caused massive economic losses in the poultry industry in South Korea. The role of inland water bodies in avian influenza (AI) outbreaks has not been investigated. Identifying water bodies that facilitate risk pathways leading to the incursion of the HPAI virus (HPAIV) into poultry farms is essential for implementing specific precautionary measures to prevent viral transmission.ObjectivesThis matched case-control study (1:4) examined whether inland waters were associated with a higher risk of AI outbreaks in the neighboring poultry farms.MethodsRivers, irrigation canals, lakes, and ponds were considered inland water bodies. The cases and controls were chosen based on the matching criteria. The nearest possible farms located within a radius of 3 km of the case farms were chosen as the control farms. The poultry farms were selected randomly, and two HPAI epidemics (H5N8 [2014–2016] and H5N6 [2016–2017]) were studied. Conditional logistic regression analysis was applied.ResultsStatistical analysis revealed that inland waters near poultry farms were significant risk factors for AI outbreaks. The study speculated that freely wandering wild waterfowl and small animals contaminate areas surrounding poultry farms.ConclusionsPet birds and animals raised alongside poultry birds on farm premises may wander easily to nearby waters, potentially increasing the risk of AI infection in poultry farms. Mechanical transmission of the AI virus occurs when poultry farm workers or visitors come into contact with infected water bodies or their surroundings. To prevent AI outbreaks in the future, poultry farms should adopt strict precautions to avoid contact with nearby water bodies and their surroundings.  相似文献   

Sensible consumerism for environmental sustainability     

Lian Pin Koh  Tien Ming Lee 《Biological conservation》2012,151(1):3-6

Navjot Sodhi and we often discussed how growing global demands for food are placing increasing pressures on tropical forests. Although more consumers are demanding for ‘greener’ products associated with sustainable production, green consumerism and improved production practices per se might not adequately curtail destruction of forests and biodiversity. Instead, we argue that consumers in emerging and developed countries need to avoid wasteful and excessive consumption. We demonstrate how reasonable recalibration of consumer aspirations and changes in consumption levels in China, India, the European Union and United States might substantially alleviate environmental impacts associated with oilseed production in Indonesia, Malaysia, Brazil and Argentina. We do so through a scenario analysis that projects oilseed demands and expansion from current levels to 2100 under three alternative consumption trends. We show that pursuing a business-as-usual course of consumption would impose severe pressures in producer countries to clear land for oil-palm and soybean agriculture (up to an additional ～12 million hectares by 2040), which could exacerbate rates of deforestation and biodiversity loss in these tropical regions. On the other hand, if each person in the EU and US reduces his/her daily vegetable oil consumption by an average of 25 g – roughly equivalent to forgoing one large serving of French Fries – the pressure to convert tropical forests for oilseed expansion could be reduced by up to ～70%. Our analysis demonstrates how changes in consumer behavior in industrialized nations could substantially alleviate environmental impacts associated with agricultural production in the developing tropics.  相似文献   

Antifreeze Peptides and Glycopeptides,and Their Derivatives: Potential Uses in Biotechnology     

Jeong Kyu Bang  Jun Hyuck Lee  Ravichandran N. Murugan  Sung Gu Lee  Hackwon Do  Hye Yeon Koh  Hye-Eun Shim  Hyun-Cheol Kim  Hak Jun Kim 《Marine drugs》2013,11(6):2013-2041

Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) and glycoproteins (AFGPs), collectively called AF(G)Ps, constitute a diverse class of proteins found in various Arctic and Antarctic fish, as well as in amphibians, plants, and insects. These compounds possess the ability to inhibit the formation of ice and are therefore essential to the survival of many marine teleost fishes that routinely encounter sub-zero temperatures. Owing to this property, AF(G)Ps have potential applications in many areas such as storage of cells or tissues at low temperature, ice slurries for refrigeration systems, and food storage. In contrast to AFGPs, which are composed of repeated tripeptide units (Ala-Ala-Thr)_n with minor sequence variations, AFPs possess very different primary, secondary, and tertiary structures. The isolation and purification of AFGPs is laborious, costly, and often results in mixtures, making characterization difficult. Recent structural investigations into the mechanism by which linear and cyclic AFGPs inhibit ice crystallization have led to significant progress toward the synthesis and assessment of several synthetic mimics of AFGPs. This review article will summarize synthetic AFGP mimics as well as current challenges in designing compounds capable of mimicking AFGPs. It will also cover our recent efforts in exploring whether peptoid mimics can serve as structural and functional mimics of native AFGPs.  相似文献   

The Promoting Effect of Ishige sinicola on Hair Growth     

Jung-Il Kang  Eun-JI Kim  Min-Kyoung Kim  You-Jin Jeon  Sung-Myung Kang  Young-Sang Koh  Eun-Sook Yoo  Hee-Kyoung Kang 《Marine drugs》2013,11(6):1783-1799

This study was conducted to evaluate the promoting effect of Ishige sinicola, an alga native to Jeju Island, Korea, on hair growth. When vibrissa follicles were cultured in the presence of I. sinicola extract for 21 days, I. sinicola extract increased hair-fiber length. After topical application of I. sinicola extract onto the back of C57BL/6 mice, anagen progression of the hair shaft was induced. The I. sinicola extract significantly inhibited the activity of 5α-reductase. Treatment of immortalized vibrissa dermal papilla cells (DPCs) with I. sinicola extract resulted in increase of cell proliferation, which was accompanied by the increase of phospho-GSK3β level, β-catenin, Cyclin E and CDK2, whereas p27^kip1 was down-regulated. In particular, octaphlorethol A, an isolated component from the I. sinicola extract, inhibited the activity of 5α-reductase and increased the proliferation of DPCs. These results suggest that I. sinicola extract and octaphlorethol A, a principal of I. sinicola, have the potential to treat alopecia via the proliferation of DPCs followed by the activation of β-catenin pathway, and the 5α-reductase inhibition.  相似文献   

Conserving Southeast Asian forest biodiversity in human-modified landscapes     

Navjot S. Sodhi  Lian Pin Koh  Thomas C. Wanger  Keith C. Hamer  Teja Tscharntke  Tien Ming Lee 《Biological conservation》2010,143(10):2375-73

Southeast Asia experiences one of the highest rates of deforestation in the tropics due to agricultural expansion, logging, habitat fragmentation and urbanization, which are expected to result in species declines and extinctions. In particular, growing global demands for food, biofuel and other commodities are driving the rapid expansion of oil palm and paper-and-pulp industries at the expense of lowland dipterocarp forests, further jeopardizing Southeast Asian forest biotas. We synthesize recent findings on the effects of land-use changes on plants, invertebrates, vertebrates and ecosystem functioning/services in Southeast Asia. We find that species richness and abundance/density of forest-dependent taxa generally declined in disturbed compared to mature forests. Species with restricted ranges and those with habitat and foraging specialization were particularly vulnerable. Forest loss also disrupted vital ecosystem services (e.g. crop pollination). Long-term studies are needed to understand biotic sustainability in regenerating and degraded forests, particularly in the context of the synergistic or additive effects of multiple agents of biodiversity loss (e.g. invasive species and climate change). The preservation of large tracts of mature forests should remain the principal conservation strategy in the tropics. In addition, reforestation and reintroductions of native species, as well as improved connectivity among forest patches could enhance the conservation value of forest remnants in human-dominated landscapes.  相似文献