Changes in myoglobin content and proximate compositions of the dorsal ordinary muscles of full-cycle cultured Pacific bluefin tuna Thunnus orientalis (Temminck et Schlegel) with body size     

Yasuyuki Tsukamasa  Yoshi-Nori Nakamura  Masashi Ando  Manabu Seoka  & Ken-Ichi Kawasaki 《Aquaculture Research》2007,38(2):201-205

We investigated the changes in myoglobin (Mb) content and proximate compositions of the cephalad parts of the dorsal ordinary muscles (Ce‐DOM) of full‐cycle cultured (FC) Pacific bluefin tuna [body length: 42.6–115.4 cm, body weight (BW): 1.7–38.4 kg, killed from July 2004 to October 2005]. The Mb content of Ce‐DOM increased (P<0.01) until a BW of 7.0 kg was reached. However, the Mb content of Ce‐DOM had a wide variety above a BW of 7.0 kg. On the other hand, the moisture, protein and ash contents of Ce‐DOM of FC tuna decreased (P<0.05 and 0.01) with an increase in BW. However, the lipid content of Ce‐DOM increased gradually above about a BW of 20.0 kg. Furthermore, the Mb content in protein of the Ce‐DOM of FC tuna increased with an increase in BW. These results indicated that the increase in Mb content of Ce‐DOM of FC tuna was not related to changes in proximate composition between a BW of 1.7 and 38.4 kg.  相似文献   

The effectiveness of a new physical property evaluation method of kamaboko which applied the principal component analysis to the puncture and stress relaxation tests     

Tomokazu Hagihara  Masashi Ando  Kenichi Kawasaki  Yasuo Makinodan  Yasuyuki Tsukamasa 《Fisheries Science》2006,72(2):393-401

ABSTRACT:   The physical properties of 49 commercial kamabokos were measured by the puncture and stress relaxation tests. The principal component analysis was applied to the physical parameters of both tests, and their cumulative contribution ratios were over 90% with the first and second principal components, respectively. The comparison among the kamabokos was carried out using the synthetic physical parameters. The kamabokos produced in same area showed the peculiar distribution. The relative positional relation of kamabokos measured by the stress relaxation test was different from that by the puncture test for many of the kamabokos. Physical property evaluation using a principal component analysis is very effective for intensiveness of many measurement parameters. If much more kamabokos were measured by this method, regional characteristics of kamabokos would be clarified.  相似文献   

Phase I Dose-Escalation Study of Nimustine in Tumor-Bearing Dogs     

Masashi TAKAHASHI  Yuko GOTO-KOSHINO  Kenjiro FUKUSHIMA  Hideyuki KANEMOTO  Ko NAKASHIMA  Yasuhito FUJINO  Koichi OHNO  Yasuyuki ENDO  Hajime TSUJIMOTO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2014,76(6):895-899

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Activities of mesencephalic nucleus neurons during fictive swimming of the carp Cyprinus carpio     

Yoshihiko  BABA  Yasuyuki  KAKE  Masayuki  YOSHIDA  Kazumasa  UEMATSU 《Fisheries Science》2003,69(3):581-588

ABSTRACT:   Fish swim by undulatory contractions of the axial trunk musculature. It has been presumed that a descending signal from the brainstem activates central pattern generators in the spinal cord to make the swimming rhythm. In the carp the electrical or chemical stimulation of a mesencephalic nucleus, the nucleus fasciculi longitudinalis medialis (Nflm), could initiate swimming. However, it has not been established what signals originate from the Nflm in order to make the fish swim. The activity of the Nflm neurons was therefore examined electrophysiologically during fictive swimming in paralyzed carp. Three types of neuronal activities closely related to the swimming rhythms were obtained. The first type was a continuous tonic firing throughout an episode of fictive swimming. Neurons involved in this tonic activity may project to the spinal cord and contribute to the activation of spinal neurons to initiate fish swimming. The second type was accompanied by continual phasic firings occurring in rhythm with the activity of spinal motoneurons. Supposing that the swimming rhythm originates in the spinal cord, the synchronous activity in the brain neurons may suggest that in the nucleus there is a relay neuron conveying the rhythm information from the cord to other neurons there or in the brain. The third type exhibited reduced firing rates during fictive swimming. It is possible that the neurons engaged in this activity may be inhibitory and suppress the activities of other neurons in the nucleus and spinal cord during rest or during decelerating swimming.  相似文献   

Two male sterility-inducing cytoplasms of beet (Beta vulgaris) are genetically distinct but have closely related mitochondrial genomes: implication of a substoichiometric mitochondrial DNA molecule in their evolution     

Yasuyuki Onodera  Takumi Arakawa  Rika Yui-Kurino  Masayuki P. Yamamoto  Kazuyoshi Kitazaki  Shigehiko Ebe  Muneyuki Matsunaga  Kazunori Taguchi  Yosuke Kuroda  Shiko Yamashita  Tomoyuki Sakai  Toshiro Kinoshita  Tetsuo Mikami  Tomohiko Kubo 《Euphytica》2015,206(2):365-379

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Long-term monitoring of feral genetically modified herbicide-tolerant Brassica napus populations around unloading Japanese ports     

Kensuke Katsuta  Kazuhito Matsuo  Yasuyuki Yoshimura  Ryo Ohsawa 《Breeding Science》2015,65(3):265-275

Genetically modified, herbicide-tolerant (GMHT) Brassica napus plants originating from seed spill have recently been found along roadsides leading from Japanese ports that unload oilseed rape. Such introductions have potential biodiversity effects (as defined by the Cartagena Protocol): these include replacement of native elements in the biota through competitive suppression or hybridization. We conducted surveys in the period 2006–2011 to assess such threats. We examined shifts in the population distribution and occurrence of GMHT plants in 1,029 volunteer introduced assemblages of B. napus, 1,169 of B. juncea, and 184 of B. rapa around 12 ports. GMHT B. napus was found around 10 of 12 ports, but its proportion in the populations varied greatly by year and location. Over the survey period, the distributions of a pure non-GMHT population around Tobata and a pure GMHT population around Hakata increased significantly. However, there was no common trend of population expansion or contraction around the 12 ports. Furthermore, we found no herbicide tolerant B. juncea and B. rapa plants derived from crosses with GMHT B. napus. Therefore, GMHT B. napus is not invading native vegetation surrounding its populations and not likely to cross with congeners in Japanese environment.  相似文献   

Soil nitrogen dynamics of forest ecosystems under environmental changes     

Hideaki Shibata  Hiroto Toda  Yoshiyuki Inagaki  Ryunosuke Tateno  Keisuke Koba  Takeshi Tange 《Journal of Forest Research》2011,16(5):331-332

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Comparative Evaluation on Nitrogen Saturation of Forest Catchments in Japan and Northeastern United States     

Nobuhito Ohte  Myron J. Mitchell  Hideaki Shibata  Naoko Tokuchi  Hiroto Toda  Goro Iwatsubo 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2001,130(1-4):649-654

To analyze the differences in the status and processes of nitrogen saturation in Japan and northeastern United States, we examined the hydrobiogeochemistry of nitrogen of forested watersheds in these regions. Two distinct differences were found between watersheds in Japan compared with those in US. 1) In Japanese watersheds, marked decreases of NO₃ ^? concentration in surface waters during the summer growing season were not found and NO₃ ^? concentrations sometimes increased especially in the summer at nitrogen saturated sites. This contrast with watersheds in US where decreases in NO₃ ^? concentration during the summer are commonly observed except those watersheds in advanced stages of nitrogen saturation. These differences in NO₃ ^? concentration relationships can be attributed to climatic differences, with Japan having high precipitation and high discharge during the summer, while in many regions of North America lowest discharges are found in the summer. The climatic regime in Japan leads to high rates of mineralization and the rapid transport of NO₃ ^? to streams in summer. 2) Japanese watersheds, even those with high NO₃ ^? concentrations in surface waters, show little evidence of acidification. This is in contrast to sites in US where increased NO₃ ^? concentrations, especially during episodic events, result in surface water acidification.  相似文献   

Radiocarbon Content in Urban Atmospheric Aerosols     

Katsuyuki Takahashi  Motohiro Hirabayashi  Kiyoshi Tanabe  Yasuyuki Shibata  Masataka Nishikawa  Kazuhiko Sakamoto 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2007,185(1-4):305-310

We attempted to elucidate seasonal variations in fossil-fuel-derived carbon (FC) and biomass-derived carbon (BC) in urban atmospheric aerosols. We undertook continuous measurements of the composition of fine particle (PM_2.1) in central Tokyo, including the ¹⁴C/¹²C ratio. The percent modern carbon (pMC) contained in all samples averaged 43, and the highest was 54 in late December and the lowest was 31 in early August. From the observed carbonaceous component concentrations and the pMC we could calculate the content ratio of FC and BC in PM_2.1 and investigate their seasonal variations. Although there was almost no seasonal variation in the ratio of FC, the ratio of BC was observed to rise in early winter. This indicates that FC is influenced by the emission sources without seasonal variations (such as automobiles driven in urban areas). Furthermore, there is significant correlation between BC and organic carbon (OC), and even for urban areas, it is considered that the contribution of biomass carbon to OC in PM_2.1 is high.  相似文献   

Redox regulation of germline and vulval development in Caenorhabditis elegans     

Shibata Y  Branicky R  Landaverde IO  Hekimi S 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,302(5651):1779-1782

In vitro studies have indicated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the oxidation of signaling molecules are important mediators of signal transduction. We have identified two pathways by which the altered redox chemistry of the clk-1 mutants of Caenorhabditis elegans acts in vivo on germline development. One pathway depends on the oxidation of an analog of vertebrate low density lipoprotein (LDL) and acts on the germline through the Ack-related tyrosine kinase (ARK-1) kinase and inositol trisphosphate (IP3) signaling. The other pathway is the oncogenic ras signaling pathway, whose action on germline as well as vulval development appears to be modulated by cytoplasmic ROS.  相似文献