Molecular cloning, chromosomal location, and biological activity of porcine interleukin-21     

Muneta Y  Kikuma R  Uenishi H  Hoshino T  Yoshihara K  Tanaka M  Hamashima N  Mori Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(3):269-275

A pig interleukin-21 (IL-21) cDNA was successfully cloned and sequenced from porcine peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) stimulated with 10 microg/ml concanavalin A (ConA), 10 microg/ml phytohemagglutinin P (PHA), 50 ng/ml phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), and 0.5 microg/ml anti-porcine CD3 antibody for 48 hr. The open reading frame of the porcine IL-21 cDNA is 459 base pairs in length and encodes 152 amino acids. The predicted amino acid sequence of the porcine IL-21 shows 86.2%, 77.7%, and 58.4% identity to the bovine, human, and murine IL-21, respectively. The porcine IL-21 gene was mapped to porcine chromosome 8 (8q22-->q23) by means of fluorescence in situ hybridization and radiation hybrid mapping, where the porcine IL-2 gene had been mapped nearby. The recombinant porcine mature IL-21 expressed by E. coli induced dose-dependent proliferation and IFN-gamma production from a human NK cell line, NK0. The porcine IL-21 identified in this study will be helpful for the enhancement of innate immune responses of pigs.  相似文献   

The time course of lymph drainage from the peritoneal cavity in beagle dogs     

Shibata SJ  Hiramatsu Y  Kaseda M  Chosa M  Ichihara N  Amasaki H  Hayakawa T  Asari M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(11):1143-1147

Lymph drainage routes from the abdominal and pelvic cavities in beagle dogs were observed serially by following the time course of India ink administered intraperitoneally. Four systems of lymph drainage routes from the peritoneal cavity were observed in this study. The earliest drainage returned to the cranial mediastinal lymph nodes via the sternal lymph vessels; subsequently, the sternal lymph nodes located along the internal thoracic artery became involved. Then, a drainage route via the lymph vessel along the left vagus nerve was observed. The final drainage route flowed into the lateral lymph vessel through the thoracic duct located on the vertebra. These results show that India ink is absorbed from the peritoneal cavity, and that the lymph drainage first flows mainly towards the cranial mediastinal lymph nodes through the ventral lymphatic channels. Our serial observations suggest that, over time, the lymph drainage routes changed from the ventral abdominal to the dorsal thoracic lymphatic channels in the thorax.  相似文献   

First report of fig mosaic virus infecting common fig (Ficus carica) in Japan     

Kazuya Ishikawa  Kensaku Maejima  Susumu Nagashima  Nobuo Sawamura  Yusuke Takinami  Ken Komatsu  Masayoshi Hashimoto  Yasuyuki Yamaji  Jun Yamamoto  Shigetou Namba 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2012,78(2):136-139

For the first time, fig mosaic virus (FMV) was detected in common fig (Ficus carica) trees in Shimane, Japan. These trees exhibited mosaic, ringspots, or distortion, accompanied by chlorosis on leaves and yellow spots on fruits. Some of the symptomatic trees were infested with the eriophyid mite Aceria ficus. The virus was detected based on RT-PCR, followed by sequencing. The amplified 300 base-pair fragments shared 83.5–91.5% identity with the corresponding region of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene of FMV isolates previously reported in Turkey, Iran, and Italy.  相似文献   

The carotenoidcleavagedioxygenase4(CmCCD4a) gene family encodes a key regulator of petal color mutation in chrysanthemum     

Satoshi Yoshioka  Ryutaro Aida  Chihiro Yamamizo  Michio Shibata  Akemi Ohmiya 《Euphytica》2012,184(3):377-387

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Extrachromosomal microDNAs and chromosomal microdeletions in normal tissues     

Shibata Y  Kumar P  Layer R  Willcox S  Gagan JR  Griffith JD  Dutta A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,336(6077):82-86

We have identified tens of thousands of short extrachromosomal circular DNAs (microDNA) in mouse tissues as well as mouse and human cell lines. These microDNAs are 200 to 400 base pairs long, are derived from unique nonrepetitive sequence, and are enriched in the 5'-untranslated regions of genes, exons, and CpG islands. Chromosomal loci that are enriched sources of microDNA in the adult brain are somatically mosaic for microdeletions that appear to arise from the excision of microDNAs. Germline microdeletions identified by the "Thousand Genomes" project may also arise from the excision of microDNAs in the germline lineage. We have thus identified a previously unknown DNA entity in mammalian cells and provide evidence that their generation leaves behind deletions in different genomic loci.  相似文献   

Innate lymphoid cells promote anatomical containment of lymphoid-resident commensal bacteria     

Sonnenberg GF  Monticelli LA  Alenghat T  Fung TC  Hutnick NA  Kunisawa J  Shibata N  Grunberg S  Sinha R  Zahm AM  Tardif MR  Sathaliyawala T  Kubota M  Farber DL  Collman RG  Shaked A  Fouser LA  Weiner DB  Tessier PA  Friedman JR  Kiyono H  Bushman FD  Chang KM  Artis D 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,336(6086):1321-1325

The mammalian intestinal tract is colonized by trillions of beneficial commensal bacteria that are anatomically restricted to specific niches. However, the mechanisms that regulate anatomical containment remain unclear. Here, we show that interleukin-22 (IL-22)-producing innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are present in intestinal tissues of healthy mammals. Depletion of ILCs resulted in peripheral dissemination of commensal bacteria and systemic inflammation, which was prevented by administration of IL-22. Disseminating bacteria were identified as Alcaligenes species originating from host lymphoid tissues. Alcaligenes was sufficient to promote systemic inflammation after ILC depletion in mice, and Alcaligenes-specific systemic immune responses were associated with Crohn's disease and progressive hepatitis C virus infection in patients. Collectively, these data indicate that ILCs regulate selective containment of lymphoid-resident bacteria to prevent systemic inflammation associated with chronic diseases.  相似文献   

Cancer. Heterogeneity and tumor history     

Shibata D 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,336(6079):304-305

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Computed tomography and radiographic lymphography of the thoracic duct by subcutaneous or submucosal injection     

Ando K  Kamijyou K  Hatinoda K  Shibata S  Shida T  Asari M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2012,74(1):135-140

A simple method of lymphography of the thoracic duct was investigated. Using three female beagles, contrast media were administered rectally, vaginally and into the perianal tissue. The administration sites were gently massaged, and imaging was carried out at constant intervals using computed tomography and radiograph. Moreover, Indian ink was administered into the rectum mucous membrane in dogs for proof of this method of lymphography, and the lymph drainage routes were observed. The investigation showed that clear computed tomography and radiographic contrast images of the thoracic duct were obtained by subcutaneous and submucosa injection of angiography contrast medium and 3D processing of these images revealed the three-dimensional positions and course of the thoracic duct and cisterna chyli.  相似文献   

Modified Ventral Stabilization Using Positively Threaded Profile Pins and Polymethylmethacrylate for Atlantoaxial Instability in 49 Dogs     

Takeshi Aikawa BVSc  Diplomate JCVS  Mitsuhiro Shibata BVSc  Hiroshi Fujita BVSc 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2013,42(6):683-692

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Preimplantation development of embryos in labrador retrievers   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Abe Y  Suwa Y  Yanagimoto-Ueta Y  Suzuki H 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2008,54(2):135-137

Preimplantation development of canine embryos is not well understood. To understand the timing of preattachment embryogenesis relative to the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge, early embryonic development was examined in Labrador Retrievers after artificial insemination. The embryos migrated from the oviduct to the uterus beginning on day 11 after the LH surge. This transport must be completed within 24 h. By day 13 after the LH surge, all of the embryos had moved and were localized in the uterus. The embryos developed to the morula stage within 11-13 days and to the blastocyst stage within 14 days after the LH surge, respectively. These findings add to the current understanding concerning the physiology of preimplantation development and should help further develop assisted reproductive techniques in canine species, such as cryopreservation and subsequent embryo transfer.  相似文献