Canine intestinal lactic acid bacteria agglutinated with concanavalin A     

Kim SY  Ogawa Y  Adachi Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(12):1351-1354

Twenty-six out of 46 representative lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that we isolated from 36 dogs in a previous study were agglutinated by concanavalin A (ConA) at a concentration of 0.1563 mg/ml, while isolates did not agglutinate without the addition of ConA. Amongst the isolates, L. reuteri, L. mucosae, and E. canintestini agglutinated strongly, while L. gallinarum, L. kitasatonis, L. acidophilus, L. saerimneri, B. animalis ssp. animalis, P. acidilactici, and E. hirae did not agglutinate. ConA-agglutination of LAB was specifically inhibited by D-glucose, D-galactose, and D-mannose at a concentration of 1.563 mg/ml. Among the sugars, ConA-agglutination was strongly inhibited by D-mannose, while the inhibition level by D-glucose and D-galactose were lower than that of D-mannose. ConA- agglutination of all the LAB isolates was inhibited by D-mannose, except for L. reuteri (one species) and L. mucosae (two species). ConA-agglutination of Bifidobacterium spp. was inhibited by only D-mannose. Based on our results, ConA-agglutination of LAB seems to be strain-specific, but not species-specific.  相似文献   

Feasibility of improved slotted bolted connection for timber moment frames     

Yoshikazu Araki  Toshiki Endo  Manami Iwata 《Journal of Wood Science》2011,57(3):247-253

This note examines the feasibility of an improved slotted bolted connection for timber moment frames. In the improved connection, steel tubes are inserted into drill holes in glulam and fixed to the glulam with resin injection. Aluminum splice plates with curved slots, or curved elongated holes, are fastened mechanically by using high-strength bolts that go through the steel tubes. Since the compression due to bolt tension is fully supported by the steel tubes, the reduction of bolt tension due to shrinkage of the glulam can be avoided. The use of slotted aluminum splice plates allows stable energy dissipation due to smooth sliding between the aluminum splice plates and the end surfaces of the steel tubes within the specified range of rotation angle. Through quasistatic cyclic loading tests of two connection specimens, it was demonstrated that stable and nearly rigid-plastic hysteresis loops were obtained whose equivalent viscous damping ratio was more than 30% in the range of rotation angle close to or greater than 1/50 radian. Although further improvement is necessary, the experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and potential of the present connection.  相似文献   

Genetic characterization and susceptibility on poultry and mammal of H7N6 subtype avian influenza virus isolated in Japan in 2009     

Uchida Y  Kanehira K  Mase M  Takemae N  Watanabe C  Usui T  Fujimoto Y  Ito T  Igarashi M  Ito K  Takada A  Sakoda Y  Okamatsu M  Yamamoto Y  Nakamura K  Kida H  Hiromoto Y  Tsuda T  Saito T 《Veterinary microbiology》2011,147(1-2):1-10

From February to March 2009, six strains of H7N6 subtype avian influenza virus were isolated from quails in three farms in Aichi prefecture in Japan. The isolates were shown to be low pathogenic for chicken by the examination performed using the "Manual of Standards for Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines" by World organisation for Animal Health (OIE). The deduced amino acid sequence at the cleavage site was PE (I/Q/L) PKRR (nucleotide sequences were cct gaa (a/c) (t/a) a cc (a/g) aaa aga aga), suggesting persistence in domestic poultry for some time. The direct putative ancestor strain could not be elucidated by phylogenetic analysis of all genome segments of the quail isolates. Diverged date from a putative common ancestor in a non-rooted phylogenetic tree among quail viruses was estimated between March 2002 and July 2004. Three putative N-linked glycosylation sites resided in the vicinity of the receptor binding pocket of HA1 region. They are considered to decrease the reactivity of neutralizing antibody against the virus. Experiments for the infectivity and pathogenicity of a quail strain to poultry indicated that the quail isolate had higher infectivity to quails than chickens and ducks. Direct and dust-borne and/or droplet-borne transmissions among quail were proven in quails with and without direct contact with experimentally infected quails. The virus is seldom transmitted among chickens either directly or indirectly, and indirect transmission from infected quails to chickens was not observed. The pathogenicity of the quail strain for mammalian, pig and mouse was low, although it could replicate in those animals.  相似文献   

Non-CpG methylation occurs in the regulatory region of the Sry gene     

Nishino K  Hattori N  Sato S  Arai Y  Tanaka S  Nagy A  Shiota K 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2011,57(5):586-593

The Sry (sex determining region on Y chromosome) gene is a master gene for sex determination. We previously reported that the Sry gene has tissue-dependent and differentially methylated regions (T-DMRs) by analyzing the DNA methylation states at CpG sites in the promoter regions. In this study, we found unique non-CpG methylation at the internal cytosine in the 5'-CCTGG-3' pentanucleotide sequence in the Sry T-DMR. This non-CpG methylation was detected in four mouse strains (ICR, BALB/c, DBA2 and C3H), but not in two strains (C57BL/6 and 129S1), suggesting that the CCTGG methylation is tentative and unstable. Interestingly, this CCTGG methylation was associated with demethylation of the CpG sites in the Sry T-DMR in the developmental process. A methylation-mediated promoter assay showed that the CCTGG methylation promotes gene expression. Our finding shows that non-CpG methylation has unique characteristic and is still conserved in mammals.  相似文献   

Effects of supplemental β‐carotene on colostral immunoglobulin and plasma β‐carotene and immunoglobulin in Japanese Black cows          下载免费PDF全文

Shuntaro Ikeda  Kenichi Yoshitani  Atsutoshi Obata  Yuji Sugie  Yoshikazu Aoki  Taisuke Yamaji  Masahiko Fujita  Yoshinobu Nakatsuji  Shinichi Kume 《Animal Science Journal》2018,89(8):1102-1106

Data from 26 Japanese Black cows were collected to clarify the effects of supplemental β‐carotene on colostral immunoglobulin (Ig) and plasma β‐carotene and Ig in the cows. Cows were assigned to control or β‐carotene groups from 21 days before the expected calving date to 60 days after parturition. Supplemental β‐carotene was provided at 500 mg/day in the β‐carotene group. Supplemental β‐carotene drastically increased plasma β‐carotene concentrations in the cows from parturition to 60 days after parturition, and plasma β‐carotene concentrations in the control and β‐carotene groups at parturition were 202 and 452 μg/dl, respectively. Supplemental β‐carotene had no effects on plasma IgG₁, IgA or IgM concentrations at parturition. Supplemental β‐carotene increased colostral IgG₁ concentrations in the cows, but colostral β‐carotene, IgA and IgM concentrations were not affected by supplemental β‐carotene. These results indicate that supplemental β‐carotene is effective to enhance colostral IgG₁ concentrations and plasma β‐carotene concentrations in Japanese Black cows.  相似文献   

Application of a compact magnetic resonance imaging system for toxicologic pathology: evaluation of lithium-pilocarpine-induced rat brain lesions     

Yoshikazu Taketa  Motohiro Shiotani  Yoshiharu Tsuru  Sadaharu Kotani  Yoshihide Osada  Tatsuto Fukushima  Akira Inomata  Satoru Hosokawa 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2015,28(4):217-224

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a useful noninvasive tool used to detect lesions in clinical and veterinary medicine. The present study evaluated the suitability of a new easy-to-use compact MRI platform (M2 permanent magnet system, Aspect Imaging, Shoham, Israel) for assisting with preclinical toxicologic pathology examination of lesions in the rat brain. In order to induce brain lesions, male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated once with lithium chloride (127 mg/kg, intraperitoneal [i.p.]) followed by pilocarpine (30 mg/kg, i.p.). One week after dosing, the perfused, fixed brains were collected, analyzed by the MRI system and examined histopathologically. MRI of the brain of treated rats revealed areas of high T1 and middle to low T2 signals, when compared with the controls, in the piriform cortex, lateral thalamic nucleus, posterior paraventricular thalamic nucleus and posterior hypothalamic nucleus of the cerebrum. The altered MRI signal areas were consistent with well-circumscribed foci of neuronal cell degeneration/necrosis accompanied by glial cell proliferation. The present data demonstrated that quick analysis of fixed organs by the MRI system can detect the presence and location of toxicologic lesions and provide useful temporal information for selection of appropriate sections for histopathologic examination before routine slide preparation, especially in complex and functionally heterogeneous organs such as the brain.  相似文献   

Luteal toxicity evaluation in rats     

Yoshikazu Taketa 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2022,35(1):7

The corpora lutea (CL) are endocrine glands that form in the ovary after ovulation and secrete the steroid hormone, progesterone (P4). P4 plays a critical role in estrous and menstrual cycles, implantation, and pregnancy. The incomplete rodent estrous cycle stably lasts 4–5 days and its morphological features can be distinguished during each estrous cycle stage. In rat ovaries, there are two main types of CL: newly formed ones due to the current ovulation (new CL), and CL remaining from prior estrous cycles (old CL). In the luteal regression process, CL were almost fully regressed after four estrous cycles in Sprague-Dawley rats. P4 secretion from CL in rodents is regulated by the balance between synthesis and catabolism. In general, luteal toxicity should be evaluated by considering antemortem and postmortem data. Daily vaginal smear observations provided useful information on luteal toxicity. In histopathological examinations, not only the ovaries and CL but also other related tissues and organs including the uterus, vagina, mammary gland, and adrenal glands, must be carefully examined for exploring luteal changes. In this review, histological and functional characteristics of CL in rats are summarized, and representative luteal toxicity changes are presented for improved luteal toxicity evaluation in preclinical toxicity research.  相似文献   

Discrimination of nursery locations of juvenile Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus on the Pacific coast of northern Japan based on carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios     

Kato  Yoshikazu  Togashi  Hiroyuki  Kurita  Yutaka  Kamauchi  Hiromitsu  Tayasu  Ichiro 《Fisheries Science》2020,86(4):615-623

Fisheries Science - To test whether stable isotope ratios of carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) can be used to understand the ecological connectivity of Japanese flounder Paralichthys...  相似文献   

Development of a CO2 gas analyzer for monitoring soil CO2 concentrations     

Yukio Yasuda  Yoshikazu Ohtani  Yasuko Mizoguchi  Tsuyoshi Nakamura  Hideyuki Miyahara 《Journal of Forest Research》2008,13(5):320-325

Measurement of soil CO₂ concentrations is important for investigating the dynamics and diffusion of CO₂ in soil. In this study, we developed a small CO₂ analyzer for measuring in situ-soil CO₂ concentrations. The CO₂ analyzer consists of a module containing an infrared CO₂ gas sensor, a temperature sensor, and a relative humidity sensor. These sensors are installed in a protective box with an air vent, which is suitable for burying in the soil. The output response time of the CO₂ analyzer was 349 s, as evaluated from the phase lag after input of known CO₂ concentrations. This response time is short enough to measure soil CO₂ concentrations, because variations in concentration are slower than the response time of the analyzer. In a field test, we used the CO₂ analyzer to measure soil CO₂ concentrations at five depths (0–50 cm) over 2.5 months. While the CO₂ concentration generally increased with depth, the amplitude of the variation in CO₂ concentration decreased with depth. The phase lag of the variations in soil CO₂ concentration also increased with depth, as did soil temperature. The tests confirm that the CO₂ analyzer is applicable to continuous monitoring of soil CO₂ concentrations.  相似文献   

Abnormal development of nephrons in claudin-16-defective Japanese black cattle     

Okada K  Ishikawa N  Fujimori K  Goryo M  Ikeda M  Sasaki J  Watanabe D  Takasuga A  Hirano T  Sugimoto Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(2):171-178

The kidneys of 37 Japanese Black calves aged 2 to 65 months diagnosed with Claudin 16 (CL-16) defect by the DNA-based test were examined pathologically. The animals exhibited clinical symptoms such as growth impairment, renal failure, overgrowth of hooves, and anemia at a young age. There was no correlation between the time of onset and age. Kidney weights relative to body weight were similar to those in normal animals, but both kidney net weights and size were reduced due to atrophy in animals that showed severe renal dysfunction. Histopathological examination of the kidneys showed reduction in the number of glomeruli, compensatory hypertrophy of glomeruli and tubules, and glomerular and tubular atrophy accompanied by interstitial fibrosis and lymphocytic infiltration. Glomeruli were clearly less in number in the kidneys of CL-16-defective animals than those of normal animals even in the cases with mild lesions. A small number of immature glomeruli and tubules were also detected, suggesting that there were fewer nephrons developed at birth in CL-16-defective animals. It was suggested that a defect of the CL-16 gene is involved in the "abnormal development of nephrons". Immunohistopathological examination of the kidneys showed that the epithelium of thick ascending limb of Henle was stained with anti-CL-16 antibody in the control animals, but not in the affected animals, suggesting a defect of CL-16 in the epithelium of renal tubules in the affected animals.  相似文献