Fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of colorectal cancer in Japan: The Miyagi Cohort Study     

Sato Y  Tsubono Y  Nakaya N  Ogawa K  Kurashima K  Kuriyama S  Hozawa A  Nishino Y  Shibuya D  Tsuji I 《Public health nutrition》2005,8(3):309-314

OBJECTIVE: Adequate fruit and vegetable intake has been suggested to protect against colorectal cancer. However, several recent prospective studies have reported no association. We therefore examined the association between fruit and vegetable intakes and the risk of colorectal cancer in a prospective cohort study in Japan. DESIGN: Between June and August 1990, 47 605 Japanese men and women completed a self-administered questionnaire, including a food-frequency questionnaire. We divided the subjects into quartiles based on their self-reported fruit and vegetable consumption. There were 165 colon cancer and 110 rectal cancer incidences identified during 7 years of follow-up, to the end of December 1997. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the relative risk (RR) of developing colorectal cancer according to the level of fruit and vegetable consumption, applying adjustments for potential confounders. RESULTS: No statistically significant association was observed between fruit and vegetable consumption and the risk of colorectal cancer. The multivariate RR of colon cancer in the highest quartile of fruit and vegetable intake compared with the lowest was 1.13 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.73-1.75), the RR for vegetables alone was 1.24 (95% CI 0.79-1.95) and that for fruit alone was 1.45 (95% CI 0.85-2.47). The corresponding multivariate RRs for rectal cancer were 1.12 (95% CI 0.67-1.89), 1.14 (95% CI 0.67-1.93) and 1.41 (95% CI 0.73-2.73). CONCLUSIONS: We found no association between the consumption of fruit and vegetables and the risk of colorectal cancer among the Japanese population.  相似文献   

Pathogenicity of Bordetella bronchiseptica isolated from apparently healthy rabbits in guinea pig,rat, and mouse     

Hideko KAMEYAMA  Yoshikazu FUJIMOTO  Yukiko TOMIOKA  Sayo YAMAMOTO  Haruka SUYAMA  Hiromi INOUE  Eiki TAKAHASHI  Etsuro ONO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2022,84(4):574

Bordetella bronchiseptica (B. bronchiseptica) is associated with respiratory tract infections in laboratory animals. In our laboratory animal facility, B. bronchiseptica was isolated from 21 of 27 apparently healthy rabbits obtained from a breeding farm contaminated with B. bronchiseptica. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis showed that the flagellin genotype of isolates from the laboratory animal facility and breeding farm was type A, which is seen relatively frequently in rabbits in Europe. To examine its pathogenicity, guinea pigs, rats, and mice were inoculated intranasally with a representative strain isolated in the laboratory animal facility. Following inoculation of 10⁷ colony forming unit (cfu), severe inflammation was observed in the lungs of guinea pig and mice, although the inflammation was less severe in rats. The strain was recovered from the trachea and lungs of these species after inoculation with lower dose such as 10³ or 10⁴ cfu. These results suggest that the isolated strain causes respiratory tract infection in guinea pigs, rats, and mice, and that its pathogenicity higher in mice than in rats. This study extends our knowledge of interpreting the microbiologic status of laboratory animals, which will contribute to the development of reliable and reproducible animal experiments.  相似文献   

Evidence for the involvement of alpha 2-adrenoceptors in the emetic action of xylazine in cats     

Y Hikasa  K Takase  S Ogasawara 《American journal of veterinary research》1989,50(8):1348-1351

Intramuscular injection of xylazine induced dose-dependent vomiting in cats (ED50 = 0.277 mg/kg); administration of standard dose of xylazine (2 mg/kg, 2 times the 100% emetic dose) induced vomiting in 100% of the cats studied. The xylazine-induced vomiting was antagonized by adrenoceptor antagonists possessing alpha 2-blocking activity, which were yohimbine, tolazoline, and phentolamine. Of these antagonists, yohimbine was the most effective; the maximal antagonistic effect was seen at 1 mg of yohimbine/kg, a dose at which the other drugs had little or no effect. At the doses studied, prazosin and phenoxybenzamine, adrenoceptor antagonists with alpha 1-blocking activity, did not prevent vomiting induced by xylazine. Beta-Adrenoceptor (propranolol), dopamine receptor (domperidone and chlorpromazine), a cholinoceptor (atropine), an opiate receptor (naloxone), and a histamine-receptor (diphenhydramine) antagonists, at the doses studied, did not prevent xylazine-induced vomiting. Pretreatment with 6-hydroxydopamine failed to prevent xylazine-induced vomiting. These results indicated that xylazine-induced vomiting in cats is mediated by alpha 2-adrenoceptors and suggested that the alpha 2-adrenoceptors mediating the vomiting attributable to xylazine may not be presynaptic alpha 2-receptors located on noradrenergic nerve terminals.  相似文献   

A survey of chicken sera for antibody to atypical avian rotavirus of duck origin, in Japan     

K Takase  T Uchimura  N Katsuki  M Yamamoto 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1990,52(6):1319-1321

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Effects of antimicrobial peptides derived from the beetle Allomyrina dichotoma defensin on mouse peritoneal macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Motobu M  Amer S  Yamada M  Nakamura K  Saido-Sakanaka H  Asaoka A  Yamakawa M  Hirota Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(3):319-322

We previously reported that synthetic peptides, RLYLRIGRR-NH2 (peptide A) and RLRLRIGRR-NH2 (peptide B), derived from the beetle Allomyrina dichotoma defensin, showed antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and negative bacteria and suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) mRNA expression in a murine macrophage cell line. In this study, inhibitory effects of these peptides in LPS-induced mouse peritoneal macrophage activation were investigated. The supplement of peptide A to macrophages cultured with LPS resulted in a significant decrease in nitric oxide and TNF-alpha production. Furthermore, NF-kappaB activation was also blocked by addition of peptide A. These results indicated that peptide A blocked macrophage activation induced by LPS.  相似文献   

The first record of sucking louse, Neohaematopinus callosciuri, infesting pallas squirrels in Japan     

Shinozaki Y  Yoshizawa K  Murata K  Shiibashi T  Kimura J  Maruyama S  Hayama Y  Yoshida H  Nogami S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(3):333-335

A species of sucking louse, Neohaematopinus callosciuri, was found for the first time in Japan. The species was found on an invasive species of squirrel, Pallas squirrel, Callosciurus erythraeus, in the Kamakura district, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. A total of 52 lice were obtained from 22 of 104 squirrels captured. The lice were about three times more prevalent in male squirrels than in females and were detected most frequently in the winter. As N. callosciuri has never been reported on wild animals in Japan, this species probably was introduced into Japan along with their host, Pallas squirrels.  相似文献   

Genetic diagnosis of claudin-16 deficiency and sex determination in bovine preimplantation embryos     

Hirayama H  Kageyama S  Moriyasu S  Hirano T  Sugimoto Y  Kobayashi N  Inaba M  Sawai K  Onoe S  Minamihashi A 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2004,50(6):613-618

Renal tubular dysplasia is an autosomal recessively inherited disorder in Japanese black cattle that is due to deletion mutations in the claudin-16 gene and causes chronic renal failure and death of affected animals. Here, we report a multiplex-PCR procedure to determine the genotype for claudin-16 deficiency in preimplantation embryos. The presence or absence of the wild-type and mutant allele(s) was precisely detected with the multiplex-PCR using as little as 5 pg of genomic DNA from leukocytes. When biopsied embryo cells were examined for claudin-16 deficiency, 97.2% of genotypes were consistent with the PCR results obtained for the corresponding embryos. In addition, sexing of embryos by PCR was performed using an aliquot of DNA extracted from biopsied embryo cells, and determination of claudin-16 genotype and sex was successfully achieved with an efficiency of 91.7% for claudin-16 genotyping and 83.3% for sexing. The production of a 100-day fetus that was male and homozygous for claudin-16 deficiency, as expected from the analysis of biopsied embryo cells, gave evidence of the reliability and applicability of this procedure for preventing the transmission of this disease and for enabling advances in animal breeding.  相似文献   

Virulence characteristics of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis isolated from breeding monkeys in Japan     

Iwata T  Une Y  Okatani AT  Kato Y  Nakadai A  Lee K  Watanabe M  Taniguchi T  Elhelaly AE  Hirota Y  Hayashidani H 《Veterinary microbiology》2008,129(3-4):404-409

Between April 2001 and 2007, 18 Yersinia pseudotuberculosis outbreaks occurred in breeding monkeys at 12 zoological gardens in Japan, and 28 monkeys of 8 species died. A total of 18 Y. pseudotuberculosis strains from the dead monkeys, comprising one strain per outbreak, were examined for serotype and the presence of the virulence genes virF, inv, ypm (ypmA, ypmB and ypmC) and irp2. Of the 18 Y. pseudotuberculosis strains, 7 (38.9%) were serotype 4b, 7 (38.9%) were serotype 1b, and there was one each of serotypes 2b, 3, 6 and 7. All the 18 strains examined harbored virF and inv. Sixteen (88.9%) strains, including the strain of serotype 7, harbored ypmA. However, no strain harbored ypmB, ypmC and irp2.

This study demonstrated that among other pathogenic factors, almost all the Y. pseudotuberculosis isolated from the outbreaks had the ypm gene encoding the superantigenic toxin, YPM. As most of the monkeys who died in those outbreaks originated from South America and other regions, where the presence of the ypm gene have not been reported, YPM might be the cause, or at least the most important factor for, the high mortality of the breeding monkeys infected by Y. pseudotuberculosis in Japan. This is also the first report of a fatal case due to Y. pseudotuberculosis serotype 7 infection in the world.  相似文献   

设施草莓组培快繁研究现状分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

吴鹏飞  王丽娟  切岩祥和  马钊  吕思宇 《北方园艺》2016,(1):195-199

草莓作为多年生小浆果,具有较高的食用价值和经济价值,在巨大的市场需求和设施栽培方式的刺激下,草莓的栽培面积不断扩大,通过草莓组织培养不仅可以为生产上提供大量的脱毒草莓植株,而且对草莓新品种的繁育和草莓种质资源的保存具有重要意义。现从国内外草莓组织培养研究现状、草莓组织培养的主要方式等进行了论述,对草莓组织培养过程中出现的问题及解决方法提出了意见,减少组织培养过程中造成的不必要损失,提高设施草莓种植的经济价值和社会价值。  相似文献   

Estimation of variance and genomic prediction using genotypes imputed from low‐density marker subsets for carcass traits in Japanese black cattle          下载免费PDF全文

Shinichiro Ogawa  Hirokazu Matsuda  Yukio Taniguchi  Toshio Watanabe  Yoshikazu Sugimoto  Hiroaki Iwaisaki 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(9):1106-1113

The influence of genotype imputation using low‐density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker subsets on the genomic relationship matrix (G matrix), genetic variance explained, and genomic prediction (GP) was investigated for carcass weight and marbling score in Japanese Black fattened steers, using genotype data of approximately 40,000 SNPs. Genotypes were imputed using equally spaced SNP subsets of different densities. Two different linear models were used. The first (model 1) incorporated one G matrix, while the second (model 2) used two different G matrices constructed using the selected and remaining SNPs. When using model 1, the estimated additive genetic variance was always larger when using all SNPs obtained via genotype imputation than when using only equally spaced SNP subsets. The correlations between the genomic estimated breeding values obtained using genotype imputation with at least 3,000 SNPs and those using all available SNPs without imputation were higher than 0.99 for both traits. While additive genetic variance was likely to be partitioned with model 2, it did not enhance the accuracy of GP compared with model 1. These results indicate that genotype imputation using an equally spaced low‐density panel of an appropriate size can be used to produce a cost‐effective, valid GP.  相似文献