Changes in Soil Protease Activity and Numbers of Culturable Bacteria in Upland Fields by the Application of Liquid Livestock Feces     

Katsuji Watanabe  Hiroshi Niimi 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2005,51(4):491-496

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Effects of water activity and lipid addition on secondary structure of zein in powder systems     

Mizutani Y  Matsumura Y  Imamura K  Nakanishi K  Mori T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(1):229-235

The effects of water activity (A(w)) and lipid addition on the secondary structure of powdery zein were investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Two fatty acid esters, i.e., the linolenic and eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl esters (LAE and EPE), were mixed with the zein powder. The powders were stored in the "dry" state (with silica gel) and the "humid" state (A(w) = 0.9). The powdery zein without the lipids was shown to have a high content of the intermolecular hydrogen-bonded beta-sheet in the "dry" state, indicating the presence of protein aggregates. An increase in A(w) induced a decrease in this beta-sheet, concomitant with increases in the alpha-helix and beta-turn structures. The addition of LAE caused decreases in the alpha-helix and intermolecular hydrogen-bonded beta-sheet of zein when the powder was stored in the "humid" state, suggesting the strong interaction of LAE and zein molecules. However, LAE did not affect the secondary structure of zein in the "dry" state. The addition of EPE hardly influenced the secondary structure of zein, irrespective of A(w). These results are discussed in relation to the antioxidative activity of zein in the powder system, which had studied previously.  相似文献   

Glycopeptide derived from hen egg ovomucin has the ability to bind enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7     

Kobayashi K  Hattori M  Hara-Kudo Y  Okubo T  Yamamoto S  Takita T  Sugita-Konishi Y 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(18):5740-5746

Ovomucin glycopeptide (OGP) was prepared by size exclusion chromatography after Pronase digestion of hen egg ovomucin, and the binding of OGP to foodborne pathogens (Bacillus cereus,Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhimurium, and Staphylococcus aureus) was investigaed. Binding assays with biotinylated bacteria as probes in microtiter plates showed that OGP bound to only E. coli O157:H7 among these foodborne pathogens. Periodate treatment markedly reduced the binding ability, indicating that E. coli O157:H7 bound to carbohydrate moieties of OGP. Lectin blot analysis with Maackia amurensis (MAA) and Sambucus nigra (SNA), which are specific for oligosaccharides containing sialic acid, revealed their binding sites in OGP were similar to the E. coli O157:H7 binding sites that were probed with biotinylated E. coli O157:H7 after Western blotting of OGP. Sialydase treatment of OGP abolished its ability to bind E. coli O157:H7, demonstrating that sialic acid played an important role in the binding. These results suggest that OGP has E. coli O157:H7-specific binding sites that consist of sialic acid. On the basis of these properties, OGP has the potential to be an ingredient with a protective effect against E. coli O157:H7 infection and to be a novel probe for the detection of E. coli O157:H7 in the food hygiene field.  相似文献   

Production of triploid plants of Japanese pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) by anther culture   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Masanori Kadota  Yoshiji Niimi 《Euphytica》2004,138(2):141-147

Triploid plants were grown from the diploid pear scion cultivar (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) by anther culture. Androgenic callogenesis occurred at about 10 days after anther excision, and most calli formed within four weeks and stopped growing at less than 1–3 mm in diameter. Androgenic embryogenesis occurred within 8–12 weeks after anther culture. The formed embryos were generally white, globular or heart-shaped. To increase callogenesis and embryogenesis, the effects of cold pre-treatment, light and activated charcoal (AC) on anthers collected from buds were investigated. Cold pre-treatment, dark and lack of AC increased callogenesis more than no cold pre-treatment, light and adding AC. A decisive condition was not found for embryogenesis. The embryogenesis frequency was extremely low and only six embryos were grown. Two embryos expanded greenish cotyledons and developed foliage, and they proliferated when transferred monthly to fresh proliferation medium. The proliferated shoots were rooted and acclimated. Flow cytometric analysis and investigation of the number of chromosomes of regenerants showed that all cells were triploid.  相似文献   

Changes of the Stress of Cerebral Arterioles During Ventricular Fibrillation     

Wang Bochu  Yang Yiping  Cai Shaoxi  Wu Yunpent H. Niimi 《保鲜与加工》1994,(5):143-146

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Dietary carbohydrate and growth,body composition and heat increment in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

F. W. H. Beamish  J. W. Hilton  E. Niimi  S. J. Slinger 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1986,1(2):85-91

A study was conducted to determine growth, body composition and heat increment (HI) of rainbow trout reared on isonitrogenous high digestible carbohydrate (HC) and high fat (HL) diets at 15°C. Trout reared on the HC diet had a significantly lower final body weight and carcass lipid content and a significantly higher feed:gain ratio and carcass protein content than trout reared on the HL diet after 12 weeks on the test diets. The lower carcass lipid composition indicates that trout do not readily convert dietary carbohydrates into fat. HI of trout reared on the HC diet was significantly higher than that of fish reared on the HL diet. Considering the poor utilization of dietary carbohydrates as an energy source and the apparently low conversion of dietary glucose into fat, the cause of the higher HI associated with the HC diet is not completely understood. However, it is possible the elimination of excess dietary glucose is an energy dependent process resulting in an increased heat production which would partly account for the increased HI. Furthermore, if the HC diet is a low net energy diet, then the metabolism and utilization of dietary and tissue proteins (amino acids) for energy by the trout may also be partly responsible for the increased HI of the trout reared on the HC diet.  相似文献   

Production and characterization of an alloplasmic and monosomic addition line of Brassica rapa carrying the cytoplasm and one chromosome of Moricandia arvensis     

Kota Tsutsui  Bum Hee Jeong  Yukiko Ito  Sang Woo Bang  Yukio Kaneko 《Breeding Science》2011,61(4):373-379

Intergeneric hybridization was performed between Moricandia arvensis and four inbred lines of Brassica rapa following embryo rescue. Three F₁ hybrid plants were developed from three cross combinations of M. arvensis × B. rapa, and amphidiploids were synthesized by colchicine treatment. Six BC₁ plants were generated from a single cross combination of amphidipolid × B. rapa ‘Ko1-303’ through embryo rescue. One BC₂ and three BC₃ plants were obtained from successive backcrossing with B. rapa ‘Ko1-303’ employing embryo rescue. Alloplasmic and monosomic addition lines of B. rapa (Allo-MALs, 2n = 21) were obtained from backcrossed progeny of three BC₃ plants (2n = 21, 22 and 23) without embryo rescue. An alloplasmic line of B. rapa (2n = 20) degenerated before floliation on 1/2 MS medium due to severe chlorosis. Allo-MALs of B. rapa (2n = 21) showed stable male sterility without any abnormal traits in vegetative growth and female fertility. Molecular analyses revealed that the same chromosome and cytoplasm of M. arvensis had been added to each Allo-MAL of B. rapa. This Allo-MAL of B. rapa may be useful material for producing cytoplasmic male sterile lines of B. rapa.  相似文献   

Successive deaths of a captive snow leopard (Uncia uncia) and a serval (Leptailurus serval) by infection with feline panleukopenia virus at Sapporo Maruyama Zoo     

Sassa Y  Yamamoto H  Mochizuki M  Umemura T  Horiuchi M  Ishiguro N  Miyazawa T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(4):491-494

Feline parvoviruses were isolated from frozen samples of intestines taken from a snow leopard (Uncia uncia) and a serval (Leptailurus serval) that died successively at Sapporo Maruyama Zoo in Hokkaido, Japan. Isolates possessed an antigenic epitope for both the feline panleukopenia virus (FPLV) and mink enteritis virus, identified with a hemagglutination inhibition test. Sequencing analyses of the VP2 region of the isolates revealed that the two isolates were identical and of the FPLV-type. These results suggested that FPLV was introduced from a feral cat which entered the zoo and transmitted the virus inside the zoo.  相似文献   

Detachable Coils for Occlusion of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in 2 Dogs     

Ryou Tanaka  DVM  PhD    Katsuichiro Hoshi  DVM    Yukiko Nagashima  DVM    Yoko Fujii  DVM    Yoshihisa Yamane  DVM  PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2001,30(6):580-584

OBJECTIVE: To describe the use of a detachable coil for transcatheter closure (TCC) of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in 2 dogs. STUDY DESIGN: Clinical study. ANIMALS: Two female Pembroke Welsh Corgi dogs with PDA. METHODS: Using fluoroscopic guidance, an 8-mm-diameter coil stent with 5 loops (detachable coils for PDA closure) was inserted via catheterization of the femoral artery. The catheter was passed through the PDA into the pulmonary artery. The coil was withdrawn so that 1.5 loops remained on the pulmonary side of the orifice of the ductus. The rest of the loops were pushed out from the catheter into the ductus. After confirming the correct placement of the coil and the effectiveness of the occlusion, the delivery wire was detached from the coil. RESULTS: Insertion of the coil was easily performed, even without previous experience. Immediate and marked decrease of the cardiac murmur was auscultated. Only slight residual flow was detected by angiography conducted 3 months' postoperatively. The dogs experienced quick and uneventful recovery after coil placement and required minimal postoperative care. Follow-up evaluation of the dogs showed no functional clinical signs of PDA, and no cardiac abnormalities were detected on electrocardiographic, phonocardiographic, and echocardiographic examination. In dog 1, the residual flow had disappeared on the color-flow Doppler echocardiographic examination at 18 months' postoperatively. CONCLUSION: TCC using a detachable coil was easy, safe, and effective in 2 dogs with PDA. The minimal residual shunting observed only by echocardiography seemed hemodynamically insignificant. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This method can be used as an alternative to traditional surgical methods.  相似文献   

Influence of low and high temperatures on the initiation and the development of a bulb primordium in isolated tulip embryos     

Yoshiji Niimi 《Scientia Horticulturae》1978,9(1):61-69

The influence of 4°C and 24°C on the germination and the subsequent development of isolated tulip embryos was studied, using embryo culture techniques. A low temperature not only influenced the breaking of the embryo dormancy, but also the initiation of a bulb primordium. High-temperature treatment after chilling accelerated the development of an initiated bulb primordium.  相似文献