Isolation and characterization of Fusarium verticillioides from maize in eastern China     

Jianbo Qiu  Jianhong Xu  Fei Dong  Xianchao Yin  Jianrong Shi 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2015,142(4):791-800

  相似文献   

香蕉枯萎病菌分子检测研究进展     

杨迪  杜婵娟  叶云峰  彭军  张欣  付岗 《热带作物学报》2020,41(12):2582-2590

香蕉枯萎病是全世界香蕉产业共同面临的毁灭性病害,但目前生产上仍缺乏适宜的抗病品种和有效的治疗措施。因此,借助快速准确的枯萎病菌检测技术及时明确病原菌以控制该病的传播和蔓延显得尤为重要。本文回顾了近年来国内外香蕉枯萎病菌分子检测技术的发展历程,归纳和总结了DNA指纹图谱、普通PCR、多重PCR、荧光定量PCR及等温扩增技术在该病菌检测中的研究进展,分析了不同检测技术的优缺点,并指出可能存在的问题和研究发展方向,为该病的分子检测技术优化和防控策略制定提供参考。  相似文献   

云南省昆明市执业兽医考试现状及管理措施     

金卫华  张定华  尹红斌 《中国动物检疫》2020,37(1):32-35

昆明市通过加强考务工作,积极宣传动员,建立长效机制等举措,近年来执业兽医考试工作成效显著,2010—2018年昆明市执业兽医累计报考4 819人,其中(助理)执业兽医师共考取通过1 222人。通过对2010—2018年的考试情况分析发现:昆明市报考人数逐年上升,学历水平不断提升;报考人员职业以动物诊疗机构、学生、非兽医从业人员为主;报考人员通过率以科研教育人员、诊疗机构、学生等居前列。上述情况提示,今后应进一步优化执业兽医注册备案管理,强化行业对执业兽医的重视与认可,完善执业兽医考试和继续教育制度。  相似文献   

我国生猪价值链各环节生物安全水平调查     

杨宏琳  刘俐君  弋英  王幼明  张毅  李印  沈朝建 《中国动物检疫》2020,37(6):30-34

为分析我国生猪养殖、流通和屠宰等环节的生物安全水平,提升非洲猪瘟防控工作的针对性、科学性,采用问卷调查和现场调查相结合的方式,对湖南、河南、重庆、辽宁、安徽等5个省(直辖市)15个县(市、区)的196个生猪养殖场(户)、69个生猪经纪人和19个屠宰场进行调查。结果显示:截至2019年9月,调查县(市、区)养猪场(户)数较2017年减少了50%～80%;生猪饲养模式以自繁自养为主,小规模场生物安全措施实施率较低;生猪经纪人行为复杂,如经纪对象多样、活动范围广、兼营其他相关业务、同批次收购不同养殖场(户)生猪等,仍有47.8%的经纪人称还会进圈挑选猪;73.7%的屠宰场运猪车辆没有有效执行离场清洗消毒措施。结果表明,我国生猪价值链各环节的生物安全水平仍有较大上升空间。提议继续推进规范化养殖场建设,加强生猪经纪人管理,加强生猪运输车辆的清洗消毒,促进生猪产业一体化发展。  相似文献   

利用分子标记辅助选择改良春恢350稻瘟病抗性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨平  邹国兴  陈春莲  黄永萍  兰波  熊运华  尹建华 《分子植物育种》2015,(4)

水稻抗稻瘟病基因Pigm(t)抗谱广、抗性强。春恢350是超级早稻春光1号的恢复系,该恢复系配合力强,丰产性好,但不抗稻瘟病。本研究以携带抗稻瘟病基因Pigm的谷梅4号为抗源,以春恢350为轮回受体亲本,在回交选育过程中,通过表形筛选与分子标记辅助选择相结合,将Pigm(t)基因导入到春恢350中,获得3个带有目标基因的改良恢复系纯合株系。以江西近年来具有代表性的20个菌株对这3份材料进行抗性鉴定,其抗性频率为85%~100%,而原始对照春恢350的抗性频率仅为5%,表明抗性基因已成功导入春恢350中并表达;并用不育系江农早4号A与改良的春恢350测配,其杂种一代田间表现优势强,抗性强。  相似文献   

南方双季稻区小行距插秧机的改进设计与试验     

陈立才  黄芳  李艳大  舒时富  江向荣  贺捷  王水发  尹国庆 《农机化研究》2016,(12):183-187,192

针对300mm行距插秧机在南方双季稻区栽插行距过大、穴数过少及不能充分发挥机插稻的增产潜力问题,在300mm行距插秧机结构的基础上,通过机械优化设计和田间农艺技术相结合的方法,对其插植部箱体、苗箱、支架(包括左右支架和中间支架)和浮板4个关键部位技术参数改进设计,研制出了适合南方双季稻区作业的2ZS-488B型(264mm行距)插秧机,并于2012-2013年在江西省2个试验点进行不同早晚稻品种机插行距的大田对比试验。结果表明:该插秧机作业性能稳定,漂秧率、伤秧率和漏插率分别为1.55%、2.68%和1.93%,相对均匀度合格率为89.54%。与300mm行距插秧机相比,其产量平均增产529.43kg/hm2,平均增产率达8.57%。该研究结果创新了南方双季稻区新的机械化栽插方式,有利于农机农艺的有效融合。  相似文献   

金融时间序列指标判别框架：以特质波动率为例     

汤胤  毛景慧 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2016,(3):35-39

基于拐点集合判别的TBUD方法主要思路是分析拐点集合间的关系，并在高维空间进行划分，从而搭建判别模型，并将分析框架应用在特质波动率等若干指标上，利用实证数据得到结论。应用TBUD判别框架可以发现，特质波动率等指标无法对拐点集合进行清晰划分，因而并不具有预测能力。  相似文献   

Ultrastructure of stridulating organ of Xylotrechus rusticus L. (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) and behavioral responses to alarm sounds     

Ling Li  Fan Sun  Ji-hua Hu  Yanbao Yin  De-fu Chi 《林业研究》2013,24(3):547-552

We used scanning electron microscope (SEM) to observe the ultrastructure of stridulating organs in Xylotrechus rusticus L. We compared the morphological structure and size of stridulating organs, the numbers of a tooth-like part used in stridulation and its presence in females and males of this beetle. The alarm sound of X. rusticus was recorded first when it was stimulated, then we tested behavioral responses to this alarm sound. The alarm sound of X. rusticus has a warning effect on conspecifics.  相似文献   

基于非洲猪瘟病毒标准物质的荧光PCR检测试剂盒初步评价     

马龙  尹才  李莉  李杰  王晓亮  李知新 《中国动物检疫》2021,38(4):108-111

为探究非洲猪瘟病毒(African swine fever virus,ASFV)标准物质作为试剂盒评价体系的可行性,比较了市场上5种主流品牌ASFV荧光PCR检测试剂盒的检测性能。使用ASFV P72基因核酸标准物质作为模板,根据5种试剂盒说明书分别进行相应的荧光定量PCR检测,结合扩增曲线、Ct值,分析不同试剂盒的敏感性、可重复性以及所需反应时间。结果显示:5种试剂盒的阴性、阳性对照均成立,最低检测限均为5.9×10^-1拷贝/μL;4个厂家的试剂盒线性关系R2>0.98,其中最优的R²=0.994,离散度最小;各试剂盒的实际反应耗时与理论反应耗时均有一定差异(0.20~0.96 h)。结果表明,各生产厂家使用P72基因作为靶基因研制的ASFV荧光PCR检测试剂盒都可以使用ASFV标准物质作为评价体系,来评判试剂盒的检测性能。本试验为各实验室不同样品检测的ASFV荧光PCR检测试剂盒选择提供了一种可用的评价方法。  相似文献   

Effects of dietary supplementation of nucleotides from late gestation to lactation on the performance and oxidative stress status of sows and their offspring     

Chengquan Tan  Yongcheng Ji  Xichen Zhao  Zhongquan Xin  Jiaying Li  Shuangbo Huang  Zhiying Cui  Lijun Wen  Caihua Liu  Sung Woo Kim  Jinping Deng  Yulong Yin 《动物营养（英文）》2021,7(1):111

Increased metabolic burdens in breeding sows, which are induced by elevated systemic oxidative stress, could increase the need for nucleotides to repair lymphocyte DNA damage; however, de novo synthesis of nucleotides may be insufficient to cover this increased need. This study investigated the effects of dietary nucleotides on milk composition, oxidative stress status, and the reproductive and lactational performance of sows. Forty multiparous sows were assigned to 2 dietary treatments (Control group, and 1 g/kg Nucleotides group) based on a randomized complete block design using their BW at 85 d of gestation as a block. Sows from 2 groups were fed a restricted diet during gestation and ad libitum during lactation. The experiment lasted from 85 d of gestation to 21 d of lactation. The reproductive performance of sows and the growth performance of suckling piglets were measured. Oxidative stress parameters and milk components were also analysed. Data were analyzed using contrasts in the MIXED procedure of SAS. Sows in the Nucleotides group consumed more feed during the first week (P < 0.01) and from 1 to 21 d (P < 0.05) of lactation than those in Control group. Correspondingly, the litter weight gain of piglets showed a tendency to increase from cross-fostering to 9 d (P = 0.09) and from cross-fostering to 20 d (P = 0.10) in the Nucleotides group relative to the Control group. Additionally, the Nucleotides group was higher (P < 0.01) than the Control group in the concentrations of uridine 5''monophosphate, guanosine 5''monophosphate, inosine 5''monophosphate, adenosine 5''monophosphate and total nucleotides in milk. Furthermore, the Nucleotides group was higher (P < 0.01) than the Control group in the serum levels of total antioxidant capacity (P < 0.01) for sows at 109 d of gestation and glutathione peroxidase for weaning piglets, but lower at the levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (P < 0.05) in serum of weaning piglets. This study indicated that maternal dietary nucleotides could promote piglet growth, probably due to the higher lactational feed intake and higher concentration of nucleotides in the milk of sows, and lower oxidative stress for both sows and piglets.  相似文献