全文获取类型
| 收费全文 | 21615篇 |
| 免费 | 284篇 |
| 国内免费 | 591篇 |
专业分类
| 林业 | 4173篇 |
| 农学 | 2152篇 |
| 基础科学 | 624篇 |
| 3666篇 | |
| 综合类 | 2187篇 |
| 农作物 | 2373篇 |
| 水产渔业 | 2012篇 |
| 畜牧兽医 | 1809篇 |
| 园艺 | 1245篇 |
| 植物保护 | 2249篇 |
出版年
| 2024年 | 17篇 |
| 2023年 | 57篇 |
| 2022年 | 150篇 |
| 2021年 | 213篇 |
| 2020年 | 172篇 |
| 2019年 | 224篇 |
| 2018年 | 2869篇 |
| 2017年 | 2861篇 |
| 2016年 | 1375篇 |
| 2015年 | 298篇 |
| 2014年 | 227篇 |
| 2013年 | 271篇 |
| 2012年 | 1169篇 |
| 2011年 | 2467篇 |
| 2010年 | 2418篇 |
| 2009年 | 1532篇 |
| 2008年 | 1590篇 |
| 2007年 | 1847篇 |
| 2006年 | 314篇 |
| 2005年 | 374篇 |
| 2004年 | 241篇 |
| 2003年 | 266篇 |
| 2002年 | 210篇 |
| 2001年 | 163篇 |
| 2000年 | 164篇 |
| 1999年 | 122篇 |
| 1998年 | 118篇 |
| 1997年 | 70篇 |
| 1996年 | 83篇 |
| 1995年 | 87篇 |
| 1994年 | 89篇 |
| 1993年 | 89篇 |
| 1992年 | 73篇 |
| 1991年 | 43篇 |
| 1990年 | 66篇 |
| 1989年 | 54篇 |
| 1988年 | 41篇 |
| 1987年 | 14篇 |
| 1986年 | 11篇 |
| 1985年 | 2篇 |
| 1984年 | 4篇 |
| 1983年 | 2篇 |
| 1981年 | 5篇 |
| 1977年 | 4篇 |
| 1968年 | 4篇 |
| 1964年 | 2篇 |
| 1962年 | 2篇 |
| 1961年 | 2篇 |
| 1948年 | 1篇 |
| 1895年 | 2篇 |
排序方式： 共有10000条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
141.
Katriina Kyllönen Hannele Hakola Heidi Hellén Markku Korhonen Matti Verta 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2012,223(3):1171-1182
Total gaseous mercury (TGM) fluxes from the forest floor and a boreal wetland were measured by a flux chamber technique coupled
with an automatic mercury vapour analyser. The fluxes were measured at three sampling sites in southern Finland, 61°14′ N,
25°04′ E in summer 2007, with additionally in situ TGM concentrations in the air at one of the sites and mercury bulk deposition
at another. Most of the flux data were collected during the daytime. At one of the sites, diurnal flux behaviour was studied,
and a clear cycle with an afternoon maximum and a night minimum was observed. The highest emissions (up to 3.5 ng m−2 h−1) were observed at the forest floor site having a moss and grass cover. At the wetland and litter-rich forest floor sites,
the emissions were below 1 ng m−2 h−1 and sometimes negative (down to −1.0 ng m−2 h−1), indicating mercury uptake. The measured average fluxes in August were 0.9 ± 1.1 and 0.2 ± 0.3 ng m−2 h−1 for the forest floor sites and wetland sites, respectively. The flux data were compared with the mercury bulk deposition,
which proved to be of the same magnitude, but opposite in sign. At the mossy forest floor site, the extrapolated TGM emissions
were 130% of the Hg deposition in August 2007. Comparison with other studies showed that the fluxes in background areas are
relatively uniform, regardless of measurement site location and method used. Airborne TGM remained at the background level
during the study, with an average value of 1.3 ± 0.2 ng m−3; it frequently showed a diurnal cycle pattern. 相似文献
142.
Kai Wang Zhiqiang Zhu Huagang Huang Tingqiang Li Zhenli He Xiaoe Yang Ashok Alva 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2012,12(4):556-564
Purpose
Soil contamination by multiple organic and inorganic contaminants is common but its remediation by hyperaccumulator plants is rarely reported. The growth of a cadmium (Cd) hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii and removal of contaminants from Cd and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) co-contaminated soil were reported in this study. 相似文献143.
Soon-An Ong Li-Ngee Ho Yee-Shian Wong Komalathevi Raman 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2012,223(4):1615-1623
Combinations of sequential anaerobic and aerobic process enhance the treatment of textile wastewater. The aim of this study
was to investigate the treatment of diazo dye Reactive Black 5 (RB5)-containing wastewater using granular activated carbon
(GAC)–biofilm sequencing batch reactor (SBR) as an integration of aerobic and anaerobic process in a single reactor. The GAC–biofilm
SBR system demonstrated higher removal of COD, RB5 and aromatic amines. It was observed that the RB5 removal efficiency improved
as the concentration of co-substrate in the influent increased. The alternative aeration introduced into the bioreactor enhanced
mineralization of aromatic amines. Degradation of RB5 and co-substrate followed second-order kinetic and the constant (k
2) values for COD and RB5 decreased from 0.002 to 0.001 and 0.004 to 0.001 l/mg h, respectively, as the RB5 concentration increased
from 100 to 200 mg/l in the GAC–biofilm SBR system. 相似文献
144.
负水头供水裸燕麦需水特性及其对不同土壤湿度的生理响应 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为进一步明确裸燕麦耗水量及其在不同土壤水分状况下的生理反应,论文在盆栽试验条件下,以负水头持续供水系统为供水装置,比较了裸燕麦、玉米、高粱、大麦和小麦旱地禾本科作物的水分耗散;设置40、60和80cm3个负水头控压高度,测定了"高-中-低"3种土壤湿度下裸燕麦孕穗期叶片光响应曲线及叶片保护酶活力。结果显示:裸燕麦蒸腾系数为455.37,显著(P<0.05)高于其他作物,较高叶片蒸腾速率和较低净光合速率是主要生理原因;降低土壤含水量将降低裸燕麦叶片相对叶绿素含量,但适度降低土壤含水量并未显著(P>0.05)降低叶片光合能力,而适度提高气孔受限程度,有利于提高叶片水分利用效率;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)等叶片保护酶活性对不同土壤水分状况响应不一致,中等土壤湿度时SOD活性较高,高土壤湿度时POD活性较高,低土壤湿度时CAT活性响应程度较高。 相似文献
145.
黄土高原丘陵区退耕还林地土壤碳氮库的动态变化(英文) 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
为了揭示坡耕地退化土壤植被恢复后土壤中碳(C)、氮(N)运移规律,采用植被次生演替空间序列代替时间序列的方法,研究了黄土丘陵沟壑区纸坊沟流域不同植被恢复模式下的C、N库及其相互关系在土壤剖面的时空变化。结果表明退化农地的造林显著地促进了CO2的固存,恢复了土壤N的可获得性,进而降低了N不足对可持续的CO2固存的限制。植被恢复显著地促进了0~60 cm土壤有机碳(soil organic carbon,SOC)和总氮(total nitrogen,TN)的积累,而只有在高于一定的恢复时间阈值(如26 a)下,促进了SOC库和TN库间的线性相关性。在土壤剖面上,SOC和TN库、SOC/TN库比以及SOC-TN间的线性相关性均随着土壤深度的增加而降低。与自然恢复相比,人工林在短期内具有CO2固存的优势,但由于随着恢复时间的增加,SOC增幅越来越大于TN增幅的事实,表明造林对碳固存的可持续性需在一个较长的时段下来评估,尤其需要关注20 cm以下层土壤。研究结果为黄土高原的生态修复和减缓温室效应提供了理论依据。 相似文献
146.
稻草及其制备的生物质炭对土壤团聚体有机碳的影响 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
向土壤中添加生物质炭已被认为是改善土壤质量,增加碳吸存的有效措施。通过模拟实验,利用同位素δ13C标记技术,研究稻草及其制备的生物质炭添加对土壤团聚体有机碳的影响。结果表明：稻草和生物质炭对土壤团聚体中新形成碳和原有机碳的影响截然不同。培养112 d,来自稻草或生物质炭的新碳主要进入到中团聚体（50 ~ 250 μm）中,比例为70.3% ~ 75.3%。与对照土壤相比,稻草添加显著促进了大团聚体（250 ~ 2 000 μm）原有机碳的分解（p <0.05）,但对中团聚体和微团聚体（<50 μm）原有机碳的影响并不明显,而生物质炭添加（SB250和SB350）则对大团聚体和中团聚体原有机碳没有显著影响,但SB250处理（土壤中加入250℃热解制备的生物质炭）显著抑制了微团聚体原有机碳的分解（p <0.05）,而SB350处理（土壤中加入350℃热解制备的生物质炭）的则无影响。对于同一粒级团聚体,稻草与生物质炭处理的区别,主要体现在新碳分配上,而对原有机碳的影响并不显著。 相似文献
147.
利用15N同位素标记方法,研究在两种水分条件即60％和90％ WHC下,添加硝酸盐(NH4NO3,N 300 mg kg-1)和亚硝酸盐(NaNO2,N 1 mg kg-1)对中亚热带天然森林土壤N2O和NO产生过程及途径的影响.结果表明,在含水量为60％ WHC的情况下,高氮输入显著抑制了N2O和NO的产生(p＜0.01);但当含水量增为90％ WHC后,实验9h内抑制N2O产生,之后转为促进.所有未灭菌处理在添加NO2-后高氮抑制均立即解除并大量产生N2O和NO,与对照成显著差异(p＜0.01),在60％ WHC条件下,这种情况维持时间较短(21 h),但如果含水量高(90％ WHC)这种情况会持续很长时间(2周以上),说明水分有效性的提高和外源NO2-在高氮抑制解除中起到重要作用.本实验中N2O主要来源于土壤反硝化过程,而且加入未标记NO2-后导致杂合的N2O(14N15NO)分子在实验21 h内迅速增加,表明这种森林土壤的反硝化过程可能主要是通过真菌的“共脱氮”来实现,其贡献率可多达80％以上.Spearman秩相关分析表明未灭菌土壤NO的产生速率与N2O产生速率成显著正相关性(p＜0.05),土壤含水量越低二者相关性越高.灭菌土壤添加NO2-能较未灭菌土壤产生更多的NO,但却几乎不产生N2O,表明酸性土壤的化学反硝化对NO的贡献要大于N2O. 相似文献
148.
利用我国基本(准)站在人工观测与自动观测双轨运行期间的平行观测资料,分析了不同观测方式下各层土壤温度的差异.结果表明,全国平均自动与人工观测各层土壤温度的日对比差值均在0.11℃以下,且日对比差值随着深度的增加而减小.从5 cm到320 cm,无论冬季还是夏季,全国绝大部分地区平均对比差值在±0.2℃之间.由浅至深各层土壤温度日对比差值的标准差从0.78℃减小至0.47℃,其不确定度在5～ 20 cm时均超过了1.0℃,但在深层(40 cm及以下),不确定度已经低于1.0℃.除极个别站外,各层自动与人工观测日平均值无显著性差异.自动与人工观测土壤温度的差异主要是由于土壤中水平温度场分布非均匀和土壤垂直温度梯度很大及对比观测时间不同步造成的. 相似文献
149.
Yaying Li Juan Wang Fuxiao Pan Stephen James Chapman Huaiying Yao 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2016,16(5):1472-1480
Purpose
Soil microorganisms are important in the cycling of plant nutrients. Soil microbial biomass, community structure, and activity are mainly affected by carbon substrate and nutrient availability. The objective was to test if both the overall soil microbial community structure and the community-utilizing plant-derived carbon entering the soil as rhizodeposition were affected by soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) availability.Materials and methods
A 13C-CO2 steady-state labeling experiment was conducted in a ryegrass system. Four soil treatments were established: control, amendment with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), amendment with ammonium nitrate (NF), combined CMC and NF. Soil phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) and 13C labeling PLFA were extracted and detected by isotope ratio mass spectrometer.Results and discussion
The combined CMC and NF treatment with appropriate C/N ratio (20) significantly enhanced soil microbial biomass C and N, but resulted in lower soil inorganic N concentrations. There was no significant difference in soil PLFA profile pattern between different treatments. In contrast, most of the 13C was distributed into PLFAs 18:2ω6,9c, 18:1ω7c, and 18:1ω9c, indicative of fungi and gram-negative bacteria. The inorganic-only treatment was distinct in 13C PLFA pattern from the other treatments in the first period of labeling. Factor loadings of individual PLFAs confirmed that gram-positive bacteria had relatively greater plant-derived C contents in the inorganic-only treatment, but fungi were more enriched in the other treatments.Conclusions
Amendments with CMC can improve N transformation processes, and the ryegrass rhizodeposition carbon flux into the soil microbial community is strongly modified by soil N availability.150.
Yong Wang Shuqing Gao Cuilan Li Jinjing Zhang Lichun Wang 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2016,16(7):1849-1857