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In order to determine the influence of different straw concentrated buried depth to survival rate of Fusarium graminearum and carrier rate of rice, six treatments including four buried depths (5 cm, 20 cm, 35 cm, 50 cm) and ck (straw mulched and rotary tillage returned), were set up from July to November in 2011. The research turned out that the flooded time and returning depths significantly affected the survival days and survival rate of F. graminearum. In flooded condition, straw with F. graminearum were centralize-buried. The survival time of the F. graminearum was 18 days at the most. The straw with Gibberella return into soil could cause the soil contaminated. Straw mulching, rotary tillage returning and 5 cm buried will increased the cross-infection phenomenon of F. graminearum in wheat and rice, while buried over 20cm, the colonies were reduced and the rice won’t be infected with F. graminearum 相似文献
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黄淮海平原低洼易涝淤土面积约2000多万亩,这类地区冬春干旱、夏秋雨涝,秋季作物常因淹水而减产。如何因地制宜,综合治理,改变这类地区秋粮低而不稳的局面?1983年中国科学院黄淮海平原综合治理(封丘)试区成立。我们承担了这一生态类型区水稻旱种的试验示范研究,现将1983—1984年该区水稻旱种的生态适种性及其技术研究总结如下。 相似文献
13.
秸秆还田地不同水氮条件对水稻产量及土壤肥力的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的]研究秸秆还田地不同水氮管理对水稻产量、土壤养分以及土壤酶活性的影响,为发展优质、高效生态农业提供理论支持。[方法]通过田间小区试验,设计了3种灌溉方式共9个处理,并设置3个麦秆不还田处理为对照。[结果]施氮量为225kg/hm2时,浅湿调控灌溉模式有利于控制水稻茎蘖量,降低水稻株高,形成合理的群体结构;不同水氮管理对水稻产量构成因素中的每穗总粒数、结实率无显著影响,水稻有效穗数受灌溉措施及施氮量的影响较大,浅湿调控灌溉可以显著提高水稻有效穗数和千粒重,从而提高水稻产量;施氮量为225kg/hm2时,浅湿调控灌溉可以有效提高土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷、有效钾的含量。秸秆还田可以显著提高土壤蔗糖酶活性,降低土壤脲酶活性,而对土壤过氧化氢酶活性无显著影响。秸秆还田地施氮量为225kg/hm2时,浅湿调控灌溉对土壤蔗糖酶活性的提高最为显著,而不同水氮条件对土壤脲酶活性的影响并不显著。[结论]在秸秆还田地,当施氮量为225kg/hm2时,浅湿调控灌溉可以有效提高水稻产量及土壤肥力。 相似文献