来福灵防治杨梦尼夜蛾的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

邢海洪  李桂花  蔡慧  邓新生 《中国森林病虫》2001,20(2):29-31

通过多种药剂防治试验，5％来福灵乳剂是防治杨梦尼夜蛾Orthosia incerta(Huefnagel)的一种安全经济有效的化学农药，作者进行了室内、室外和生产防治试验，对防治时机、使用方法及喷酒浓度进行了研究。  相似文献   

2009年秋季芥蓝多点试验          下载免费PDF全文

李桂花  陈汉才  翟英芬  宋钊  张艳 《广东农业科学》2010,37(11):100-101,106

以绿宝芥蓝为对照种,开展了芥蓝新品种的多点试验,以期对新选育芥蓝品种的生物学性状、品质、产量等做出合理的评价。结果表明:秋盛芥蓝和夏翠芥蓝的产量均显著高于对照,且株型美观、生长整齐、商品性好、纤维少、品质优良,是出口菜场和内销市场的优良品种。  相似文献   

包膜尿素对夏玉米产量、吸氮量和氮分配的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

任意  李桂花  赵林萍  张淑香 《核农学报》2011,25(4):802-806

以施氮量调控氮代谢,提高氮肥利用率为目标,利用15 N研究了包膜尿素（CU100、150和225kg/hm2）和普通尿素（150和225kg/hm2）对夏玉米产量、生物量、氮肥利用率以及各器官氮分配的影响。结果表明：包膜尿素比普通尿素显著增加玉米从肥料中的吸氮量,显著增加地上部生物量;15N包膜尿素肥料利用率（15NU...  相似文献   

芥蓝新品种‘夏翠芥蓝’   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

李桂花  陈汉才  宋钊  张艳  曹健  陈琼贤 《园艺学报》2011,38(1):195-196

 ‘夏翠芥蓝’是利用自交不亲和系配制的杂交一代芥蓝新品种。早熟,品质优,商品性好;叶片椭圆形,叶长18.5 cm,叶宽18.1 cm;菜薹长17 ~ 20 cm,薹粗2.0 ~ 2.5 cm,单薹质量110 ~ 150 g;耐涝性和抗病性较强,适应性较广。广州地区适播期8月—10月上旬。  相似文献   

砂质潮土施用改良剂对土壤动物群落特征的影响     

杨静  张贺  李双霜  李桂花  张建峰 《中国农业科学》2022,55(16):3185-3199

【Objective】 Soil fauna is an important component of terrestrial ecosystem, therefore, the studying of the relationship between soil fauna and amendments will help reveal the mechanism of amendments to soil fauna.【Method】During 2016-2019, the characteristics of the soil fauna community in the soil surface layer (0-20 cm) of wheat and maize rotation area with different amendments were investigated. There were four treatments, including no amendment (CK), organic amendment 15 t·hm^-2 (YJ), inorganic amendment 2.25 t·hm^-2 (WJ) and organic amendment 15 t·hm^-2+inorganic amendment 2.25 t·hm^-2 (YW). 【Result】During the study period, 4 351 soil fauna belonging to 8 classes, 20 orders, 41 families, and 44 classes were collected, of which 28 families were macrofauna, and the dominant groups were Asilidae and Myrmicinae, accounting for 62.9% of the total captured soil macrofauna. In another, 14 families soil meso-and micro-fauna were collected, and the dominant groups were Acarid and Oribatida, accounting for 93.0% of the total captured soil meso- and micro-fauna. Soil fauna mainly belonged to saprozoic and omnivores. The data indicated that the total number and taxa of soil fauna collected during the experiment was the highest under WJ, and the lowest under YJ. The number of Scutigerellidae, Sejidae and Japygidae decreased and their richness index decreased, while the mites increased, and the dominance index was high under amendments comparing with CK. There were significant differences in individual number and diversity index of small and medium animal communities among different years (P<0.05), and the number of individuals showed a gradually increasing trend; but the Jaccard index (q) of soil fauna was less than 0.50 among all treatments, and the similarity of macrofauna community was lower than that of meso- and micro- community. The ecological niche widths of meso- and micro- soil fauna, such as Acarid, Oribatida, and Onychiuridae, were higher than those of macrofauna, such as Myrmicinae. However, the niche overlap index was higher than 0.97, indicating that the application of amendments increased the common resources of soil fauna. The NMDS analysis showed that the soil animal community in wheat season 2018 was significantly different from that in other years, whereas, in maize season of 2016, 2018, and 2019, there were different. The results of RDA indicated that soil TN and AK were significantly correlated with Acarid, Oribatida, Onychiuridae, Enicocephalidae, Carabidaein wheat season (P<0.05); the soil organic matter and pH were main factors influencing Acarid, Enicocephalidae, Sciaridae, and Asilidae in maize season (P<0.05). The PRC analysis showed that the relative abundance of Uropodidae peaked in October 2017, and that of Asilidae and Myrmicinae peaked in October 2016 under YJ. The relative abundance of Onychiuridae, Acarid, and Oribatida reached a peak in October 2016 under the combined application of organic and inorganic amendments, and that of Phlaeothripidae and Enicocephalidae appeared in 2019 and peaked in October 2019, demonstrating the incongruity of soil fauna groups to the amendments. 【Conclusion】The variation of soil fauna community and diversity in different years were much more profound than amendments, and the amendments modified soil fauna community and diversity mainly by changing soil pH, SOM, and TN in a fluvo-aquic sandy soil.  相似文献   

连续施用土壤改良剂对砂质潮土团聚体及作物产量的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张贺  杨静  周吉祥  李桂花  张建峰 《植物营养与肥料学报》2021,27(5):791-801

  【目的】   研究施用无机和有机土壤改良剂对团聚体形成和作物产量的影响,为新型土壤改良剂的应用提供理论依据。   【方法】   以河北廊坊砂质潮土为研究对象,以虾头蟹壳废弃物为核心材料的有机土壤改良剂 (SC) 和以凹凸棒土为核心材料的无机土壤改良剂 (SA) 为试材,进行4年 (2015—2019) 定位试验。试验设4个处理:单施化肥 (CK)、化肥+无机改良剂 (SA)、化肥+有机改良剂 (SC)、化肥+无机改良剂+有机改良剂 (SCA)。种植方式为小麦–玉米轮作。2019年小麦和玉米收获后,测定作物产量并采集耕层土壤,测定土壤理化指标、微生物量碳氮含量、团聚体组成及其碳氮含量。   【结果】   在小麦季和玉米季,SCA处理均可显著提高作物产量,较CK处理分别提高了54.16%和24.26%;在小麦季,SC处理较CK处理显著提高土壤全氮 (TN)、有机碳 (SOC)、速效钾 (AK) 和有效磷 (AP) 含量,微生物量碳 (MBC) 显著提高8.82%,pH显著降低3.19%;在玉米季,SCA处理较CK显著提高了土壤TN、SOC、AK、AP含量,MBC显著提高了33.65%,土壤pH显著降低了5.92%;在小麦季和玉米季,土壤团聚体均以粒径0.053～0.25 mm为主;与CK处理相比,小麦季SC处理土壤粒径 > 0.25 mm的大团聚体含量、平均重量直径 (MWD) 和几何平均直径 (GMD) 分别显著提高42.51%、22.41%和20.35%,玉米季SCA处理3个指标分别显著提高68.71%、35.47%和29.65%;各粒级团聚体中SOC和TN含量都以粒径 > 0.25 mm大团聚体最高,且SCA处理显著增加土壤各级别团聚体SOC和TN含量;施用土壤改良剂增加粒径 > 0.25 mm大团聚体SOC和TN贡献率,小麦季SC处理较CK处理分别增加了29.06%和69.24%,玉米季SCA处理较CK处理分别增加了61.62%和114.20%;通过冗余分析和结构方程模型分析发现,粒径> 0.25 mm大团聚体与pH呈负相关关系,与AP、MBC、SOC以及各粒级团聚体中碳含量呈正相关关系;稳定的团聚体结构会影响SOC含量和pH,改善土壤C/N,进而影响作物产量。   【结论】   在砂质土壤上,单独施用以虾头蟹壳废弃物为核心材料的有机土壤改良剂或与无机土壤改良剂配施均可改善土壤理化性质,促进大团聚体形成,提高团聚体稳定性,稳定的土壤团聚体可通过改善土壤碳氮比以提高作物产量。  相似文献   

长期秸秆还田下有机无机配施及微量元素和缓释肥的施用对双季稻产量和肥料利用率的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

李桂花  张雪凌  周吉祥  张建峰 《中国土壤与肥料》2021,(6):149-155

长期秸秆还田背景下,集成几种养分高效利用施肥模式,研究其对红壤水稻产量、吸氮量和土壤地力的影响,为红壤区养分持续高效利用和水稻增产提供依据。2013～2016年在江西省宜春市高安县渡埠农场布置田间定位试验,集成有机替代无机,添加微量元素Si、Zn、S,缓释肥替代化肥,减氮20%等养分高效利用施肥模式。研究不同施肥模式对产量与肥料利用率的影响。结果表明,与常规只施尿素相比,8季有机替代,添加微量元素Si、Zn、S,缓释肥替代,都没有显著增加产量;有机肥处理地上部吸氮量相对更高(P<0.05);减氮20%降低产量,但没有达到显著水平,地上部吸氮量下降显著(P<0.05)。不同年份早、晚稻产量波动较大;早稻与晚稻相比,产量有高有低。早、晚稻的农学效率分别为20.6～24.8 kg/kg及14.5～18.4 kg/kg;早、晚稻的氮肥表观利用率分别为31.6%～40.0%及26.0%～35.4%。缓释肥表观利用率最高,但与化肥相比没有达到显著差异(P=0.07)。4年结束后,不同施肥处理耕层(0～20 cm)土壤有效磷和速效钾含量差异显著(P<0.05),土壤有机质、全氮、pH及微生物量碳氮都没有显著差异。长期秸秆还田红壤稻田,通过8季20%有机替代,添加Si、Zn、S微量元素及缓释肥施用等增产增效模式都没有显著增加双季稻产量、土壤有机质和全氮,说明长期秸秆还田对产量和地力影响很大,在此基础上增加有机肥具有增产趋势,但需更长时间达到显著水平;同时,秸秆加有机肥可以满足水稻对微量元素的需求。  相似文献   

大化县甘蔗产业发展现状及对策     

李桂花 《现代农业科技》2013,(12):310-311

甘蔗是大化县一项重要的产业之一。通过近年来对该县甘蔗种植生产的现状调查,分析该产业存在的主要问题,并提出今后的发展对策,以供生产决策参考。  相似文献   

新源县搞好牧区农田林网化建设的经验     

童果林  银建民  李桂花 《新疆林业》1992,(5)

新源县是个牧业县,1990年10月经有关部门验收,基本实现农田林网化,是自治区第二个基本实现林网化的牧业县。该县在建设农田林网化过程中所采取的一些措施及其经验,被特克斯、尼勒克两个牧业县借鉴后,也在1991年经验收基本实现农田林网化。现将新源县实现农田林网化所采取的一些切实可行的措施和成功经验介绍如下,供  相似文献   

保水剂载内吸农药防治杨十星吉丁初报     

邢海洪  李桂花  孟庆梅 《中国森林病虫》2001,(Z1)

用 4 0 %氧化乐果乳油与 XJ- X型保水剂原粉按 1∶ 4比例混配 ,树干刮皮涂药或打孔注药防治杨十星吉丁 Melanophila decastigma Fabricius,防效可达 95%以上。  相似文献